A “calendar stick” carved centuries ago by the Winnebago tribe may provide the first evidence that the North American Indians have developed advanced full-year calendars basing them on systematic astronomical observation.
(A) that the North American Indians have developed advanced full-year calendars basing them
(B) of the North American Indians who have developed advanced full-year calendars and based them
(C) of the development of advanced full-year calendars by North American Indians, basing them
(D) of the North American Indians and their development of advanced full-year calendars based
(E) that the North American Indians developed advanced full-year calendars based

A the use of have is incorrect as does not require perfect tense

B awkward

C passive and awkward

D awkward

E Ans.

D is wordy and awkward ..

I pick E. ( uses past tense as well as 'based on' )

There are no two past events, so no need for Past Perfect.

IMO E

E

Evidence of native americans making calenders based on observations, not evidence of native americans.

A – pronoun error – them is not clear
B – pronoun error and base should modify calendar (if there is a comma, base can modify Indians)
C – them not clear
D – there is not clear and separating Indian and development distort the meaning

E for me

A “calendar stick” carved centuries ago by the Winnebago tribe may provide the first evidence that the North American Indians have developed advanced full-year calendars basing them on systematic astronomical observation.
(A) that the North American Indians have developed advanced full-year calendars basing them
(B) of the North American Indians who have developed advanced full-year calendars and based them
(C) of the development of advanced full-year calendars by North American Indians, basing them
(D) of the North American Indians and their development of advanced full-year calendars based
(E) that the North American Indians developed advanced full-year calendars based

Hint: the sentence provides an indication of a time the event occurred in the past. 9 times out 10, it means that simple past tense of the verb has to be used.
Eliminate A

B changes the meaning completele. Out!!!

"Evidence of" and "evidence that" are both correct depending on the sentence.


Evidence of + noun is correct such as "evidence of a murder case", but evidence that + clause is also correct like in this sentence.

D is incorrect. "Basing" is a present participle and it usually modifies the verb, but there is no verb here to modify in the first place.

E stands.
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