According to a study published by Dr. Myrna Weissman, only one percent

in E, first part says "suffer", second part says "did so". Tense is not matching.

A is correct, had is required because we r talking about 2 events (depression and age of 75) of which, one had occurred before another.

In "A", "by the age of seventy five" & "by age twenty four" are not parallel.

What do you say guys?? I ignored "A" only because of this reason. "the" was missing in "by age twenty four" ?????

"by the age of seventy five" & "by age twenty four" - more than word per word, the logical structure should be parallel. "by the age of seventy five" and "by age twenty four" are both nouns and hence missing a "the" shouldn't be an issue. For example you can compare a "mice" to "lions and tigers" which would still be correct in a sentence:

Like mice, lions and tigers are extremely hard working animals.

I see no body selecting B. Am I missing something very obvious here? Moreover as per Manhattan GMAT a clause after semi-colon be able to stand on its own. So how can A be the correct answer.

(A) only one percent of Americans born before 1905 had suffered major depression by the age of seventy-five; of those born since 1955, six percent had become depressed by age twenty-four

The bolded portion is a clause that is related to the clause before semi colon.

For semi colon it is not necessary to explain the previous clause but if they are related there is no harm.

is there an official answer to this?

@aman :

of those born since 1955, six percent had become depressed by age twenty-four .

This is a complete sentence and should be able to stand independently. A is the correct option.

Initially , I thought it was C but the latter part of the sentence is awkward with parallelism being violated .

(C) of Americans born before 1905, only one percent of them have suffered major depression by age seventy-five, but six percent of those born since 1955 do by the age of twenty-four

I think A would be correct choice.

According to a study published by Dr. Myrna Weissman, only one percent of Americans born before 1905 had suffered major depression by the age of seventy-five; of those born since 1955, six percent had become depressed by age twenty-four.
(A) only one percent of Americans born before 1905 had suffered major depression by the age of seventy-five; of those born since 1955, six percent had become depressed by age twenty-four [seems correct syntactically and meaning-wise]
(B) only one percent of Americans born before 1905 suffer major depression by the age of seventy-five; if they are born since 1955, six percent become depressed by age twenty-four [incorrect usage of the word suffer; should be suffered. Similarly for become]
(C) of Americans born before 1905, only one percent of them have suffered major depression by age seventy-five, but six percent of those born since 1955 do by the age of twenty-four [have suffered should be had suffered; since 1955 did by..]
[only one percent of them--unnecessary usage of them. omitting it makes the meaning clear as well]
(D) major depression is suffered by the age of seventy-five by only one percent of Americans born before 1905, and by age twenty-four by the six percent born since 1955 [no matching between only one percent and by the six percent;Incorrect sentence construction]
(E) Americans born before 1905 suffer major depression by the age of seventy-five only one percent of the time, but six percent of those born since 1955 did so by age twenty-four [suffer ..did so...No matching of tenses...also the meaning becomes ambiguous..by the age of seventy-five only one percent of the time..are we referring to a period/ passage/ quantity of time?]
Plz clarify between A, B and E....
E seems to be appropriate....????..
In A had is required or not????

In "those born since 1955", "since" means "after". You need to use the past perfect to imply that the Americans became depressed "before" they turned (simple past) 24.

Read the sentence with present perfect:
Of those born after 1955, six percent have become depressed by age 24.

The present perfect is used for actions occurring in this window: past--present. But the Americans did not turn 24 today. You cannot combine the present perfect with markers of the past such as "last week" or "by some (past moment)".


--Prasad
GMAT and MBA admissions Coach

Two events and both are completed in the past. So we need had with the event that happened before ie even 1.

1. People born before 1905 suffered by the age 75 and those born after 1955 depressed by the age 24.

2. Study published

Study published - only one percent of Americans born before 1905 had suffered major
depression by the age of seventy-five; of those born since 1955, six percent had become depressed by age twenty-four

Option (A) is the correct choice asit uses past perfect tense because major depression or its effect is continuous and both of these sentences are independent and related as we are talking about Americans.Hence (a).

"...six percent had become depressed by age twenty-four."

Don't we need an article "the" before age?

Thanks

No.

There are multiple ways to express that idea, including the following:

- age twenty-four

- the age of twenty-four

- twenty-four years of age

Is it correct to have a year + had + ed?

I thought that having a year would mean we have to use Past simple.

Please help!

(A) only one percent of Americans born before 1905 had suffered major depression by the age of seventy-five; of those born since 1955, six percent had become depressed by age twenty-four

(B) only one percent of Americans born before 1905 suffer major depression by the age of seventy-five; if they are born since 1955, six percent become depressed by age twenty-four

(C) of Americans born before 1905, only one percent of them have suffered major depression by age seventy-five, but six percent of those born since 1955 do by the age of twenty-four

(D) major depression is suffered by the age of seventy-five by only one percent of Americans born before 1905, and by age twenty-four by the six percent born since 1955

(E) Americans born before 1905 suffer major depression by the age of seventy-five only one percent of the time, but six percent of those born since 1955 did so by age twenty-four



(A) correct - past perfect was used correctly here due to the fact that that study was published and the actions that were taken in the study is in past perfect tense.
(B) only one percent of Americans born before 1905 suffer - present perfect; incorrect
(c) of americans born - no subject, ambiguous
(D) major depression is suffered - how major depression can be suffered? illogical
(E) again suffer used in present tense, incorrect

sorry for the grammar, wrote quickly

Sir, I don't think the use of past perfect is really justified here. Although I got this question correct, thanks to the 4 rest options that are obviously hot garbage.

If my study is correct, the use the past perfect must meet 2 prerequisites, the first of which is already well known by almost everyone here on the forum:

#1, the event with which past perfect used must happen in the past of another event in the past, again this is super well known, and we need no further discussion here.
#2, the later event should have some bearing with the previous one. Now what does this mean? consider below examples:

- Dinosaurs [had been dominating] the biological chronology for over 100 million years, but the animal [vanished] in a sudden catastrophe 65 million years ago. - this is correct
- Timmy [learned] about the war in which much of Europe [had been reduced] to rubble. - This is definitely incorrect and I can clearly remember an official question that is almost analgous to this exmaple.

If you look deep into these examples you will notice the subtle difference: Sure Timmy's leaning happened after the war, but hey, Timmy's learning has not bearing on the war whatsoever!!! It does not matter whether Timmy learned about the war, that war just happened and has 0 relationship with Timmy's learning.

But for dinosaurs, their vanishing is somehow linked to their "over 100 million years" of dominance, so the use of past perfect is justified.

Please correct me if I am wrong, the above was learnt from Ron's sessions.

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