Acid rain and snow result from the chemical reactions between industrial emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides with atmospheric water vapor to produce hightly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids.
A
B with atmospheric water vapor producing highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids
C and atmospheric water vapor which has produced highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids
D and atmospheric water vapor which have produced sulfuric and nitric acids which are highly corrosive
E and atmospheric water vapor to produced highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids

B looks fine.

producing highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids participle(adverbial) phrase modyfying the verb result

A) and E) are out because the emmisions do not have any intention of producing acids.
C) and D) use which for restrictive clause. Also not clear to what which refers to.

I hope I am right.

for me,

none of options seems to be right.

"and" is OK here.

i think E would be correct if it is "to produce"

Hi chung (me again) .

To answer why A is correct....( you already know why others are wrong). The question here is why E is wrong and Q is right.

A Acid rain and snow result from the chemical reactions between industrial emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides with atmospheric water vapor to produce hightly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids. Correct form.

Read the below example.

The reaction between virus A and virus B, with virus C, created a major problem (viurs A with C, and virus b with C). Reaction occurs between ONE and TWO, with another party . Sentences like, Reaction between virus A and virus B and Virus C is wrong. It is clearly understood and concise to say, Reaction between A and B with C. Perhaps it is mistaken that, the sulfur and ntirogen are collectivly one. It is not. It is individual, reaction is between Sulphur with atmosphr water and Nitrogen along with Atmospheric water.

B with atmospheric water vapor producing highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids - Correct usage, or rather better usage is "reaction between 1 and 2 to produce", if u see the orginal sentence the word RESULT (Past) is used. Hence, "to produce" is better than "Producing". Hence B is Wrong.

C and atmospheric water vapor which has produced highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids - Usage of AND and the flow of the sentence. Wrong.

D and atmospheric water vapor which have produced sulfuric and nitric acids which are highly corrosive - not clear, wordy, crazy consturction. Wrong.

E and atmospheric water vapor to produced highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids- the abscense of "TO Produce"- hence wrong, and usage of AND is also not appropriate., Why, see sentence A explaination. Hence E is wrong.[/b]

I hope my explaination is clear. Correct me if it is wrong.
Regards
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Giving another SHOT

Good one Syamee... The explaination is the same as the old one. I am sure, you would be picking up E this time because u changed the with "To Produce". Well, I wold still stick to A.

15. Acid rain and snow result from the chemical reactions between industrial emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides with atmospheric water vapor to produce highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids.

(E) and atmospheric water vapor to produce highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids - Explaination as follows..

Let us consider one small sentence.

Sulphur reacts with water vapour to produce...
Nitrogen reacts with water vapour to produce...

Combine both, Sulphur and Nitrogen reacts with water vapour ...
The BETWEEN in the sentence lead towards reaction between Sulphur WITH Water vapour, and Nitrogen WITH water vapour. I hope it is clear to some extent.

Pardon me, I do not know a better way to explain.
_________________

Giving another SHOT

15. Acid rain and snow result from the chemical reactions between industrial emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides with atmospheric water vapor to produce highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids.

(E) and atmospheric water vapor to produce highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids


Hi Samy, I totally agree that the idiom is reaction Between X and Y (i never denied that, please read my earlier post ... )

Put the sentence E in the original sentence...

Acid rain and snow result from the chemical reactions between industrial emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides and atmospheric water vapor to produce highly corrosive sulfuric and nitric acids - - does it not create a confusion "chemical reation between industrial emissions of Sulfur and nitrogen and atmospheric water vapour .. It sounds like all three together create the product, whereas the by-products are 2, sulphuric acid and nitric acid. Had the result been just acid, then and holds good.

How do we slove a ambiguity like this, does it not make a difference or clear the ambiguity if I add WITH...to separate the Sulfur and Nitro. If there were more choices, perhaps, yes, but only A is the best of all. Hence I wold still choose A.

I hope it was of some help.

[/b]
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Êmm... now this is getting bigger and bigger .... and a little chemistry involved in it..

Sulphur dioxide (SO2) + (water)H2O+ (O) 'Nascent Oxygen'=H2SO4 (Sulphuric acid)

Similarly

NO2+H2O=HNO3 (Nitric Acid) + (H) ) 'Nascent Hydrogen'

Pardon me if the above equation is incorrect, well, we are testing english in here, right ?---
This clearly states that water reacts with Sulphur and Nitrogen individually.


Regards
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Giving another SHOT

I agree with Carsen's logic. My guess is A would have been correct if the author had quoted: "between industrial emissions of sulfur dioxide with atmospheric water vapor and nitrogen oxides with atmospheric water vapor"

I think it is gramatically ambiguous the way with atmospheric water vapor is stated in A

I agree with you CARSEN.

Your Reasoning is quite good when i saw the question today again.

Thank you for your Patience to make it clear to me.

I completely agree with u.

Sammy