presuppose (verb) ---> to think that something is true in advance without having any proof: [+ that]
Ex. You're presupposing that he'll have told her - but he may not have.
presupposition (noun)
Your actions are based on some false presuppositions (= things that you think without knowing the truth).
1. Instead of blaming an airline accident on pilot error, investigators should find out why the error was made by analyzing airplane design, airline management, and pilot-training programs. For only then can changes be made to ensure that the same type of error does not recur and cause another accident.
Which of the following is a
presupposition of the argument above?
(A) Pilot error is not a contributing factor in most airline accidents.
(B) Airline companies themselves should be the agents who investigate airline accidents.
(C) Stricter government regulation of airline companies will make air travel significantly safer.
(D) Investigators of airline accidents should contribute to the prevention of future accidents.
Presupposition because we are saying "Investigators should contribute to the prevention of future accidents." We are not sure, whether author of the argument himself is sure about that. A government airline run very bureaucratically might not allow investigators to poke their nose into analyzing airplane design, airline management, and pilot-training programs.
(E) Most pilots who make errors in flying will repeat their errors unless they are retrained
2. The president of a consulting firm analyzed the decisions made about marketing by her clients and concluded that the decisions were correct only about half of the time.
The conclusion above depends on the
presupposition that
(A) companies can be successful even when about half of the decisions they make about marketing prove to be wrong
(B) companies hiring her consulting firm make no more incorrect marketing decisions than do companies in general
(C) executives consistently making correct marketing decisions rarely enlist the aid of a consulting firm
(D) marketing decision are just as likely to be correct as they are to be incorrect
(E) it is possible to classify a marketing decision properly as being either right or wrong
We are not sure whether president is right in presupposing. There is no evidence for his belief. But he is coming to a conclusion based on this presupposition.
3. When a company refuses to allow other companies to produce patented technology, the consumer invariably loses. The company that holds the patent can charge exorbitant prices because there is no direct competition. When the patents expire, other companies are free to manufacture the technology and prices fall. Companies should therefore allow other manufacturers to license patented technology.
The argument above
presupposes which of the following?
A.Companies cannot find legal ways to produce technology similar to patented technology.
B.Companies have an obligation to act in the best interest of the consumer.
Author is presupposing without any data or evidence. Even hardcore capitalists would agree companies are rarely bothered about best interests of the consumer. They are bothered about preserving their competitive advantage, and making money. Not licensing provides them both these benefits
C.Too many patents are granted to companies that are unwilling to share them.
D.The consumer can tell the difference between patented technology and inferior imitations.
E.Consumers care more about price than about quality.
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The path is long, but self-surrender makes it short;
the way is difficult, but perfect trust makes it easy.
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