1. Biotechnology companies say that voluntary guideline for their industry are sufficient to ensure that no harm will result when a genetically altered organism is released into the environment. It is foolish, however, to rely on assurances from producers of genetically altered organisms that their products will not be harmful. Therefore, a biotechnology company should be required to apply to an independent regulatory board composed of scientists outside the biotechnology industry for the right to sell newly created organisms.
Which one of the following principles, if accepted, most strongly justifies drawing the conclusion above?
(A) Voluntary guidelines are sufficient to regulate activities that pose little danger to the environment.
(B) People who engage in an activity and have a financial stake in that activity should not be the sole regulators of that activity.
This strengthens the argument. (C) Methods that result in harm to the environment must sometimes be used in order to avoid even greater harm.
(D) A company is obligated to ensure the effectiveness of its products but not their environmental safety.
This is weakening the conclusion drawn above. For example some research is going on plants' relationship with rhizobium bacteria. As you know, the relationship between a legume crop and bacteria is symbiotic. Bacterial produces nitrogen for its consumption, and its surplus production it shares with the plant in whose root it lives. Though the atomosphere has very highl levels of nitrogen, the plans can't directly take it from air. That is one of the paradoxes of the nanture. That is also one of the reasons nitrogen fertilizers are applied to non-legume crops. To minimize expenses on nitrozen fertilizers and pollution Biotech companies are thinking of new ideas.
Now Biotech companies are conducting research to insert a gene from legume crops into non-legume crops so that they can harbor rhizobium bacteria and have nitrogen for their consumption without the benefit of nitrozen fertilizers. Biotech companies should assure that there wont be any drawbacks from this innovation. What if such genetically modified plants produce toxic substances? The creator has to take care of the responsiblity of its creation. 
(E) Issues of environmental protection are so important that they should not be left to scientific experts.
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