Dear Friends,
Here is a detailed explanation to this question-
cool_jonny009 wrote:
By developing the Secure Digital Music Initiative, the recording industry associations of North America, Japan, and Europe hope to create a standardized way of distributing songs and full-length recordings on the Internet that will protect copyright holders and foil the many audio pirates who copy and distribute digital music illegally.
(A) of distributing songs and full-length recordings on the Internet that will protect copyright holders and foil the many audio pirates who copy and distribute
(B) of distributing songs and full-length recordings on the Internet and to protect copyright holders and foiling the many audio pirates copying and distributing
(C) for distributing songs and full-length recordings on the Internet while it protects copyright holders and foils the many audio pirates who copy and distribute
(D) to distribute songs and full-length recordings on the Internet while they will protect copyright holders and foil the many audio pirates copying and distributing
(E) to distribute songs and full-length recordings on the Internet and it will protect copyright holders and foiling the many audio pirates who copy and distribute
Meaning is crucial to solving this problem:Understanding the intended meaning is key to solving this question; the intended core meaning of this sentence is that the recording industry associations hope to create a standardized way of distributing songs and full-length recordings on the Internet that will protect copyright holders and foil the many audio pirates who habitually copy and distribute digital music illegally.
Concepts tested here: Meaning + Tenses + Verb Forms + Idioms • "way + of" and "way + to" are the correct, idiomatic constructions.
• “to + base form of verb” is the correct infinitive verb form construction, which is used as a noun, to show purpose/intent of an action, and to modify adjectives and verbs.
• The simple future tense is used to refer to actions that will take place in the future.
• Habitual actions are best conveyed through the simple present tense.
• “while” is used for actions that take place simultaneously, irrespective of whether these actions are positive, negative, or neutral.
A: Correct. This answer choice avoids the pronoun error seen in Option C, as it does not employ a pronoun to refer to the noun phrase "recording industry associations". Further, Option A uses the phrase "that will protect", conveying the intended meaning - that the recording industry associations hope to create a standardized way of distributing songs and full-length recordings on the Internet that will protect copyright holders and foil the many audio pirates who habitually copy and distribute digital music illegally. Additionally, Option A correctly uses the simple present tense verbs "copy" and "distribute" to refer to habitual actions. Moreover, Option A correctly uses the simple future tense verb "will follow" to refer to an action that will take place in the future. Besides, Option A avoids the verb form error seen in Option B, as it does not employ the infinitive verb form. Additionally, Option A uses the idiomatic construction "way + of".
B: This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase "and to protect"; the construction of this phrase incorrectly implies that the recording industry associations hope to create a standardized way of distributing songs and full-length recordings on the Internet and hope to ,
as a separate action, protect copyright holders and foil the many audio pirates who habitually copy and distribute digital music illegally; the intended meaning is that the recording industry associations hope to create a standardized way of distributing songs and full-length recordings on the Internet
that will protect copyright holders and foil the many audio pirates who habitually copy and distribute digital music illegally. Further, Option B incorrectly uses the present participle ("verb+ing" - "copying" and "distributing" in this sentence) to refer to habitual actions; please remember, habitual actions are best conveyed through the simple present tense. Additionally, Option B fails to maintain an appropriate infinitive verb form construction, as it uses the present participle ("verb+ing" - "foiling" in this case) in place of the base form of the verb; please remember, “to + base form of verb” is the correct infinitive verb form construction.
C: This answer choice incorrectly refers to the plural noun phrase "recording industry associations" with the singular pronoun "it". Further, Option C alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase "while it protects"; the use of "while" incorrectly implies that the recording industry associations hope to create a standardized way of distributing songs and full-length recordings on the Internet and
simultaneously protect copyright holders and foils the many audio pirates who copy and distribute digital music illegally; the intended meaning is that the recording industry associations hope to create a standardized way of distributing songs and full-length recordings on the Internet
that will protect copyright holders and foil the many audio pirates who habitually copy and distribute digital music illegally; please remember, “while” is used for actions that take place simultaneously. Additionally, Option C incorrectly uses the unidiomatic construction "way + for"; please remember, "way + of" and "way + to" are the correct, idiomatic constructions.
D: This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase "while they will"; the use of "while" incorrectly implies that the recording industry associations hope to create a standardized way of distributing songs and full-length recordings on the Internet and
simultaneously they will protect copyright holders and foils the many audio pirates who copy and distribute digital music illegally; the intended meaning is that the recording industry associations hope to create a standardized way of distributing songs and full-length recordings on the Internet
that will protect copyright holders and foil the many audio pirates who habitually copy and distribute digital music illegally; please remember, “while” is used for actions that take place simultaneously. Further, Option D incorrectly uses the present participle ("verb+ing" - "copying" and "distributing" in this sentence) to refer to habitual actions; please remember, habitual actions are best conveyed through the simple present tense.
E: This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase "and protect"; the construction of this phrase incorrectly implies that the recording industry associations hope to create a standardized way of distributing songs and full-length recordings on the Internet and will ,
as a separate action, protect copyright holders and foil the many audio pirates who habitually copy and distribute digital music illegally; the intended meaning is that the recording industry associations hope to create a standardized way of distributing songs and full-length recordings on the Internet
that will protect copyright holders and foil the many audio pirates who habitually copy and distribute digital music illegally. Further, Option E incorrectly uses the present participle ("verb+ing" - "foiling" in this case) to refer to an action that will take place in the future; please remember, the simple future tense is used to refer to actions that will take place in the future.
Hence, A is the best answer choice.To understand the concept of "Simple Tenses" on GMAT, you may want to watch the following video (~1 minute):
All the best!
Experts' Global Team
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