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# Certain instruments used in veterinary surgery can be made

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Re: CR: Instruments [#permalink]

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09 Sep 2010, 10:49
Certain instruments used in veterinary surgery can be made either of stainless steel or of nylon. In a study of such instruments, 10 complete sterilizations of a set of nylon instruments required 3.4 times the amount of energy used to manufacture that set of instruments, whereas 50 complete sterilizations of a set of stainless steel instruments required 2.1 times the amount of energy required to manufacture that set of instruments.

If the statements above are true, each of the following could be true EXCEPT:

(A) The 50 complete sterilizations of nylon instruments used more energy than did the 50 complete sterilizations of the stainless steel instruments.
(B) More energy was required for each complete sterilization of the nylon instruments than was required to manufacture the nylon instruments.
(C) More nylon instruments than stainless steel instruments were sterilized in the study.
(D) More energy was used to produce the stainless steel instruments than was used to produce the nylon instruments.
(E) The total cost of 50 complete sterilizations of the stainless steel instruments was greater than the cost of manufacturing the stainless steel instruments
>>>>>>>>>>>>
A - Could be true, since you don't know the absolute amount of energy required for either nylon or steel (i.e., 3.4 times the amount of energy to manufacture d/n tell you if the amount of energy was 1 unit or 1,000 unites (kwh or whatever)
B - This can not be true. It's likely the only one that makes an impossible statement (if you reduce the 10 to a single instrument, 3.4/10, for each unit of energy used to create the instrument, .34 units are used to sterilize. This is definitely less in any case (note that the problem does not comment on several sterilizations vs. manufacture). But I always to to test others to make sure
C - Could be true. The problem gives a rate/ratio for each type, but does not say if it tested 10, 37, or 400 nylon instruments, etc.
D - There is not comment on the absolute amount of energy used to produce one steel instrument, similar to A, so this could be true.
E - There is no comment on the cost to sterilize, only energy used, so there could be other costs involved (e.g. time, chemicals, etc.)

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Re: CR: Instruments [#permalink]

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14 Sep 2010, 22:24
My answer is B.

My strategy was, since the question says could be true EXCEPT we have the right to eliminate all those choices that don't have enough information from the argument and hence they can either be true or not true.

A - definitely true
B - definitely wrong
C, D, E - could be true.

From the above, answer is B.
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Re: CR: Instruments [#permalink]

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13 Sep 2011, 23:05
x97agarwal wrote:
Certain instruments used in veterinary surgery can be made either of stainless steel or of nylon. In a study of such instruments, 10 complete sterilizations of a set of nylon instruments required 3.4 times the amount of energy used to manufacture that set of instruments, whereas 50 complete sterilizations of a set of stainless steel instruments required 2.1 times the amount of energy required to manufacture that set of instruments.

If the statements above are true, each of the following could be true EXCEPT:

(A) The 50 complete sterilizations of nylon instruments used more energy than did the 50 complete sterilizations of the stainless steel instruments. Passage doesn't compare about the energy used between Nylon and Stainless Steel sterilization, it talks about the energy used in Sterilization and energy used for manufacturing set of instrument either Nylon or Stainless
(B) More energy was required for each complete sterilization of the nylon instruments than was required to manufacture the nylon instruments. it is mentioned in passage
10 complete sterilizations of a set of nylon instruments = 3.4 times the amount of energy used to manufacture that set of instruments,
so, for each complete sterilizations of a set of nylon instruments = 0.34 times the amount of energy used to manufacture that set of instruments,

(C) More nylon instruments than stainless steel instruments were sterilized in the study. true
(D) More energy was used to produce the stainless steel instruments than was used to produce the nylon instruments. true
(E) The total cost of 50 complete sterilizations of the stainless steel instruments was greater than the cost of manufacturing the stainless steel instruments.passage doesn't talk about the cost

so, possible ans for me is a,b or E.

can some1 please explain if i am wrong.?
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Re: CR: Instruments [#permalink]

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14 Sep 2011, 03:01
321kumarsushant wrote:
x97agarwal wrote:
Certain instruments used in veterinary surgery can be made either of stainless steel or of nylon. In a study of such instruments, 10 complete sterilizations of a set of nylon instruments required 3.4 times the amount of energy used to manufacture that set of instruments, whereas 50 complete sterilizations of a set of stainless steel instruments required 2.1 times the amount of energy required to manufacture that set of instruments.

If the statements above are true, each of the following could be true EXCEPT:

(A) The 50 complete sterilizations of nylon instruments used more energy than did the 50 complete sterilizations of the stainless steel instruments. Passage doesn't compare about the energy used between Nylon and Stainless Steel sterilization, it talks about the energy used in Sterilization and energy used for manufacturing set of instrument either Nylon or Stainless
(B) More energy was required for each complete sterilization of the nylon instruments than was required to manufacture the nylon instruments. it is mentioned in passage
10 complete sterilizations of a set of nylon instruments = 3.4 times the amount of energy used to manufacture that set of instruments,
so, for each complete sterilizations of a set of nylon instruments = 0.34 times the amount of energy used to manufacture that set of instruments,

(C) More nylon instruments than stainless steel instruments were sterilized in the study. true
(D) More energy was used to produce the stainless steel instruments than was used to produce the nylon instruments. true
(E) The total cost of 50 complete sterilizations of the stainless steel instruments was greater than the cost of manufacturing the stainless steel instruments.passage doesn't talk about the cost

so, possible ans for me is a,b or E.

can some1 please explain if i am wrong.?

Consider the best case scenario to rule out each option.

A) The 50 complete sterilizations of nylon instruments used more energy than did the 50 complete sterilizations of the stainless steel instruments.
Quantity of energy consumption is not mentioned in the passage, so we can assume any value for the energy to make the statement true.

Energy used 50 complete sterilizations of nylon instruments- 17 Terajoule
Energy used 50 complete sterilizations of SS instruments- 2.4 joule

So far we take a value that doesn't conflict with the information provided in the passage, we are free to choose any number.
Could be true.

E) The total cost of 50 complete sterilizations of the stainless steel instruments was greater than the cost of manufacturing the stainless steel instruments.

Say $x spent on energy used for manufacturing.$2.1x spent on energy used for 50 sterilizations.

The difference=2.1x-x=1.1x

If the manufacturing cost of SS < 1.1x, this will also hold true.
Could be true.

(B) can't be true. To make it true, we'll have to contradict the information in the passage, something we must not do.

Ans: "B"
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Re: CR: Instruments [#permalink]

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14 Sep 2011, 03:31
fluke wrote:
321kumarsushant wrote:
x97agarwal wrote:
Certain instruments used in veterinary surgery can be made either of stainless steel or of nylon. In a study of such instruments, 10 complete sterilizations of a set of nylon instruments required 3.4 times the amount of energy used to manufacture that set of instruments, whereas 50 complete sterilizations of a set of stainless steel instruments required 2.1 times the amount of energy required to manufacture that set of instruments.

If the statements above are true, each of the following could be true EXCEPT:

(A) The 50 complete sterilizations of nylon instruments used more energy than did the 50 complete sterilizations of the stainless steel instruments. Passage doesn't compare about the energy used between Nylon and Stainless Steel sterilization, it talks about the energy used in Sterilization and energy used for manufacturing set of instrument either Nylon or Stainless
(B) More energy was required for each complete sterilization of the nylon instruments than was required to manufacture the nylon instruments. it is mentioned in passage
10 complete sterilizations of a set of nylon instruments = 3.4 times the amount of energy used to manufacture that set of instruments,
so, for each complete sterilizations of a set of nylon instruments = 0.34 times the amount of energy used to manufacture that set of instruments,

(C) More nylon instruments than stainless steel instruments were sterilized in the study. true
(D) More energy was used to produce the stainless steel instruments than was used to produce the nylon instruments. true
(E) The total cost of 50 complete sterilizations of the stainless steel instruments was greater than the cost of manufacturing the stainless steel instruments.passage doesn't talk about the cost

so, possible ans for me is a,b or E.

can some1 please explain if i am wrong.?

Consider the best case scenario to rule out each option.

A) The 50 complete sterilizations of nylon instruments used more energy than did the 50 complete sterilizations of the stainless steel instruments.
Quantity of energy consumption is not mentioned in the passage, so we can assume any value for the energy to make the statement true.

Energy used 50 complete sterilizations of nylon instruments- 17 Terajoule
Energy used 50 complete sterilizations of SS instruments- 2.4 joule

So far we take a value that doesn't conflict with the information provided in the passage, we are free to choose any number.
Could be true.

E) The total cost of 50 complete sterilizations of the stainless steel instruments was greater than the cost of manufacturing the stainless steel instruments.

Say $x spent on energy used for manufacturing.$2.1x spent on energy used for 50 sterilizations.

The difference=2.1x-x=1.1x

If the manufacturing cost of SS < 1.1x, this will also hold true.
Could be true.

(B) can't be true. To make it true, we'll have to contradict the information in the passage, something we must not do.

Ans: "B"

i agree with B, its contradicting.
but,
how do we can we answer about something that is unknown to us. the passage does not talk about the Cost at al.
you have given an excellent explanation, but still i am not satisfied.
Even considering A as acceptable in some cases,
still how to Decide between B (contradiction) & D (not stated in passage which can be assumed wrong,).
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Re: CR: Instruments [#permalink]

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14 Sep 2011, 03:51
321kumarsushant wrote:
i agree with B, its contradicting.
but,
how do we can we answer about something that is unknown to us. the passage does not talk about the Cost at al.
you have given an excellent explanation, but still i am not satisfied.
Even considering A as acceptable in some cases,
still how to Decide between B (contradiction) & D (not stated in passage which can be assumed wrong,).

Well this is a retired official LSAT question, and the OA is indeed B. I've put the OE from Kaplan in the main post.
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Re: CR: Instruments [#permalink]

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14 Sep 2011, 04:23
700-cr-90220.html

same question was discussed in above mentioned link also but nothing is useful.
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Re: CR: Instruments [#permalink]

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14 Sep 2011, 10:48
the answer is B for sure!
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Re: CR: Instruments [#permalink]

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14 Sep 2011, 11:09
Tough one indeed. B makes sense after reading the explanation. ( Contradicts what is said in passage)
Rest of the options are not either mentioned or True.
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http://gmatclub.com/forum/massive-collection-of-verbal-questions-sc-rc-and-cr-106195.html#p832142
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Re: CR: Instruments [#permalink]

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14 Sep 2011, 18:27
yes it is B
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Re: CR: Instruments [#permalink]

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18 Sep 2011, 07:56
B finally, nice question, Pretty confusing
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Re: CR: Instruments [#permalink]

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20 Sep 2011, 02:57
Stumped. Could not make anything out of this CR.

Wats the Source?
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Re: CR: Instruments [#permalink]

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20 Sep 2011, 03:05
GMATPASSION wrote:
Stumped. Could not make anything out of this CR.

Wats the Source?

It is mentioned in the tags/OE: "LSAT Prep tests"
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Re: Certain instruments used in veterinary surgery can be made [#permalink]

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13 Sep 2012, 05:26
I saw except but grossly engrossed in the options forgot expect and choose D ..

Good question
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Re: Certain instruments used in veterinary surgery can be made [#permalink]

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13 Sep 2012, 05:27
B is the answer, this scenario can never happen using the given info and hence, it must be FALSE.
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Re: Certain instruments used in veterinary surgery can be made [#permalink]

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13 Sep 2012, 05:42
Let's take an example .

Certain instruments used in veterinary surgery can be made either of stainless steel or of nylon. In a study of such instruments, 10 complete sterilizations of a set of nylon instruments required 3.4 times the amount of energy used to manufacture that set of instruments, whereas 50 complete sterilizations of a set of stainless steel instruments required 2.1 times the amount of energy required to manufacture that set of instruments.

Let's assume that energy required to manufacture a nylon instrument is 20 kwh.
10 sterilizations consumed 3.4 x 20 = 74
Each sterilization requires - 74/10 = 7.4 kwh

Let's assume that energy required to manufacture a stainless steel instrument is 0.5 kwh
Therefore the energy required for 50 complete sterilizations is 2.1 times x .5 = about 1 kwh
Energy required for each sterilization is 1/50 = 0.02 kwh

Clearly the cost to manufacture a stainless steel instrument is unrelated to the cost to manufacture a nylon based instrument.

This example indicates that only B can be false. The above example disproves (D)

.
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Re: Certain instruments used in veterinary surgery can be made [#permalink]

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13 Sep 2012, 07:54
This doesn't seem like a question type you would find on the GMAT.. COULD BE TRUE EXCEPT? So it definitely threw me off- I originally started looking for an answer to a MUST BE TRUE EXCEPT question lol. But the answer would be B... D could be true b/c we don't know the amt of energy expended for nylon and stainless steel sets. It COULD be true. But B definitely CANNOT be true.
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Re: Certain instruments used in veterinary surgery can be made [#permalink]

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13 Sep 2012, 23:01
P1: Certain Set of Instruments were made from Nylon and Steel
P2: 10 * En = 3.4 * (Em)
50 * Es = 2.1 * (Em)

Where,
En = Energy Required Sterilization of Nylon
Es = Energy Required Sterilization of Steel
Em = Energy required for Manufacturing set of instruments

(A) The 50 complete sterilizations of nylon instruments used more energy than did the 50 complete sterilizations of the stainless steel instruments.

5* (10 * En) = 5*3.4* Em = 17 Em (since Em is always positive)

50 Es = 2.1 Em < 17 Em So We can conclude (A) from above Premises. ( So This is not the Answer)
====================================================================================================
(B) More energy was required for each complete sterilization of the nylon instruments than was required to manufacture the nylon instruments.

We do not know anyting about the values of En and Em So we cannot compare these two values. So this could be the answer
====================================================================================================
(C) More nylon instruments than stainless steel instruments were sterilized in the study.

This is a out scope choice. Nowhere in the Premises, the author talked about the number of nylon / steel instruments. So leave it.
====================================================================================================
(D) More energy was used to produce the stainless steel instruments than was used to produce the nylon instruments.
This is also an out of scope answer choice.
====================================================================================================
(E) The total cost of 50 complete sterilizations of the stainless steel instruments was greater than the cost of manufacturing the stainless steel instruments.
This is also an out of scope answer choice.
Author did not talk about the price at all.
====================================================================================================

So the answer is : Choice B.
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Re: Certain instruments used in veterinary surgery can be made [#permalink]

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14 Sep 2012, 04:27
+1 B

Each sterilization requires 34% the amount of energy required to manufacture a set of nylon instruments.
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Re: Certain instruments used in veterinary surgery can be made [#permalink]

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17 Sep 2012, 05:41
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x97agarwal wrote:
Certain instruments used in veterinary surgery can be made either of stainless steel or of nylon. In a study of such instruments, 10 complete sterilizations of a set of nylon instruments required 3.4 times the amount of energy used to manufacture that set of instruments, whereas 50 complete sterilizations of a set of stainless steel instruments required 2.1 times the amount of energy required to manufacture that set of instruments.

If the statements above are true, each of the following could be true EXCEPT:

(A) The 50 complete sterilizations of nylon instruments used more energy than did the 50 complete sterilizations of the stainless steel instruments.
(B) More energy was required for each complete sterilization of the nylon instruments than was required to manufacture the nylon instruments.
(C) More nylon instruments than stainless steel instruments were sterilized in the study.
(D) More energy was used to produce the stainless steel instruments than was used to produce the nylon instruments.
(E) The total cost of 50 complete sterilizations of the stainless steel instruments was greater than the cost of manufacturing the stainless steel instruments.

[Reveal] Spoiler: Kaplan OE

Let me try explaining this ...
Equation 1 says:
10 Sterilizations = 3.4 (Manufacturing of Nylon group)
or 1 Sterilizations = .34 (Manufacturing of Nylon group)
or 1 Sterilizations = 34% (Manufacturing of Nylon group)

Equation 2 says:
50 Sterilizations = 2.1 (Manufacturing of Steel group)
or 1 Sterilizations = 2.1/50 (Manufacturing of Nylon group)
1 Sterilizations = 4% (Manufacturing of Nylon group)

That's all we know. No relationship between the cost of Nylon and Steel group defined. Neither their number is certain.

A) As stated above, we don't know this relation so no comments.
C) As stated above, we don't know this relation so no comments.
D) As stated above, we don't know this relation so no comments.
E) Yes, we know this is true from equation 2. If 50 Sterilizations equals 2.1 times Manu, then 50 S must be bigger than 1 times Manu for sure ..

Correct Answer: B) In case of Nylon, the option suggests 1 S > 100% Manu; however, we know that 1 S just equals 34% manu and cant be bigger than that.

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Re: Certain instruments used in veterinary surgery can be made   [#permalink] 17 Sep 2012, 05:41

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