During the 1980's approximately $50 billion in private

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During the 1980's approximately $50 billion in private [#permalink]

24 Dec 2005, 19:37

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During the 1980's approximately $50 billion in private investment capital is estimated to have left Mexico and added to the strain on the country's debt-ridden economy.

A. During the 1980's approximately $50 billion in private investment capital is estimated to have left Mexico and added
B. During the 1980's it is estimated that approximately $50 billion in private investment capital left Mexico and added
C. It is estimated that there was approximately $50 billion in private investment capital that left Mexico during the 1980's and added
D. It is estimated that during the 1980's approximately $50 billion in private investment capital left Mexico, adding
E. Approximately $50 billion in private investment capital is estimated as having left Mexico during the 1980's, adding

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24 Dec 2005, 19:45

The and added in A does not explain the cause and effect properly. So is the case with B and C. Between D and E, my choice is D. As having left in E does not sound right. Not sure though.

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24 Dec 2005, 19:52

I will gp for C

A. During the 1980's approximately $50 billion in private investment capital is estimated to have left Mexico and added

B. During the 1980's it is estimated that approximately $50 billion in private investment capital left Mexico and added

C. It is estimated that there was approximately $50 billion in private investment capital that left Mexico during the 1980's and added

D. It is estimated that during the 1980's approximately $50 billion in private investment capital left Mexico, adding

E. Approximately $50 billion in private investment capital is estimated as having left Mexico during the 1980's, adding

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24 Dec 2005, 20:48

Desparate D for me too.

Agree with plsubbu's explanation for A/B/C

In E "estimated as having left" is incorrect use of -ing.
"estimated to have left" would be better.
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24 Dec 2005, 22:01

Will go with D. Cause and effect requires "adding"
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24 Dec 2005, 22:43

I go with D for
1. Parallelism estimated......left
2. "ing" form introduces action, that is simultaneous with main clause

D. It is estimated that during the 1980's approximately $50 billion in private investment capital left Mexico, adding

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Re: SC-capital [#permalink]

25 Dec 2005, 00:01

A. During the 1980's approximately $50 billion in private investment capital is estimated to have left Mexico and added ==> Use of 'is estimated' is unidiomatic

B. During the 1980's it is estimated that approximately $50 billion in private investment capital left Mexico and added ==> "added" is awkward

C. It is estimated that there was approximately $50 billion in private investment capital that left Mexico during the 1980's and added ==> Awkward construction

D. It is estimated that during the 1980's approximately $50 billion in private investment capital left Mexico, adding ==> Correct! Use of "It is" is idiomatic, plus the use of 'adding' to show cause/effect

E. Approximately $50 billion in private investment capital is estimated as having left Mexico during the 1980's, adding[/quote] ==> 'as having' is awkward
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25 Dec 2005, 10:03

OA is D.

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Re: [#permalink]

29 Dec 2011, 12:35

plsubbu wrote:

The and added in A does not explain the cause and effect properly. So is the case with B and C. Between D and E, my choice is D. As having left in E does not sound right. Not sure though.

Where this type of present participle (adding) is required? Please help?
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Re: [#permalink] 29 Dec 2011, 12:35

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During the 1980's approximately $50 billion in private

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