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In 1986, the city of Los Diablos had 20 days on which air [#permalink]
07 Jun 2007, 22:23
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In 1986, the city of Los Diablos had 20 days on which air pollution reached unhealthful amounts and a smog alert was put into effect. In early 1987, new air pollution control measures were enacted, but the city had smog alerts on 31 days that year and on 39 days the following year. In 1989, however, the number of smog alerts in Los Diablos dropped to sixteen. The main air pollutants in Los Diablos are ozone and carbon monoxide, and since 1986 the levels of both have been monitored by gas spectrography.
Which of the following statements, assuming that each is true, would be LEAST helpful in explaining the air pollution levels in Los Diablos between 1986 and 1989?
(A) The 1987 air pollution control measures enacted in Los Diablos were put into effect in November of 1988.
(B) In December of 1988 a new and far more accurate gas spectrometer was invented.
(C) In February of 1989, the Pollution Control Board of Los Diablos revised the scale used to determine the amount of air pollution considered unhealthful.
(D) In 1988 the mayor of Los Diablos was found to have accepted large campaign donations from local industries and to have exempted those same industries from air pollution control measures.
(E) Excess ozone and carbon monoxide require a minimum of two years to break down naturally in the atmosphere above a given area
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Re: cr air pollution [#permalink]
07 Jun 2007, 22:30
nehanishika wrote: In 1986, the city of Los Diablos had 20 days on which air pollution reached unhealthful amounts and a smog alert was put into effect. In early 1987, new air pollution control measures were enacted, but the city had smog alerts on 31 days that year and on 39 days the following year. In 1989, however, the number of smog alerts in Los Diablos dropped to sixteen. The main air pollutants in Los Diablos are ozone and carbon monoxide, and since 1986 the levels of both have been monitored by gas spectrography. Which of the following statements, assuming that each is true, would be LEAST helpful in explaining the air pollution levels in Los Diablos between 1986 and 1989? (A) The 1987 air pollution control measures enacted in Los Diablos were put into effect in November of 1988. (B) In December of 1988 a new and far more accurate gas spectrometer was invented. (C) In February of 1989, the Pollution Control Board of Los Diablos revised the scale used to determine the amount of air pollution considered unhealthful. (D) In 1988 the mayor of Los Diablos was found to have accepted large campaign donations from local industries and to have exempted those same industries from air pollution control measures. (E) Excess ozone and carbon monoxide require a minimum of two years to break down naturally in the atmosphere above a given area
I go for D.
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C for me
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Re: cr air pollution [#permalink]
08 Jun 2007, 00:14
nehanishika wrote: In 1986, the city of Los Diablos had 20 days on which air pollution reached unhealthful amounts and a smog alert was put into effect. In early 1987, new air pollution control measures were enacted, but the city had smog alerts on 31 days that year and on 39 days the following year. In 1989, however, the number of smog alerts in Los Diablos dropped to sixteen. The main air pollutants in Los Diablos are ozone and carbon monoxide, and since 1986 the levels of both have been monitored by gas spectrography. Which of the following statements, assuming that each is true, would be LEAST helpful in explaining the air pollution levels in Los Diablos between 1986 and 1989? (A) The 1987 air pollution control measures enacted in Los Diablos were put into effect in November of 1988. (B) In December of 1988 a new and far more accurate gas spectrometer was invented. (C) In February of 1989, the Pollution Control Board of Los Diablos revised the scale used to determine the amount of air pollution considered unhealthful. (D) In 1988 the mayor of Los Diablos was found to have accepted large campaign donations from local industries and to have exempted those same industries from air pollution control measures. (E) Excess ozone and carbon monoxide require a minimum of two years to break down naturally in the atmosphere above a given area
A, B, C, D - explains the contradiction
E for me
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I go for B
A new accurate gas spectrometer does not explain the decrease
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I'd say E.
If it takes 2 years to break down, what happened to last years excess carbon monoxide and ozone
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I would go for B.
In December of 1988 a new and far more accurate gas spectrometer was invented. . This means the spectrometer used to test was quite accurate. So this will not explain the huge decrease in the number of alerts.
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Facts:
1 - since 1986 the levels of both have been monitored by gas spectrography
2 - The main air pollutants in Los Diablos are ozone and carbon monoxide
3 - In 1986, the city of Los Diablos had 20 days on which air pollution reached unhealthful amounts and a smog alert was put into effect.
4 - In early 1987, new air pollution control measures were enacted,
5 - but the city had smog alerts on 31 days in 1987 and on 39 days the 1988
6 - In 1989, however, the number of smog alerts in Los Diablos dropped to sixteen
Let's look at the options now.
(A) The 1987 air pollution control measures enacted in Los Diablos were put into effect in November of 1988. – Supports in explaining. So come 1989 the air pollution dropped
(B) In December of 1988 a new and far more accurate gas spectrometer was invented. – Measured SMOG more accurately so the number alerts were less.
(C) In February of 1989, the Pollution Control Board of Los Diablos revised the scale used to determine the amount of air pollution considered unhealthful. – Supports in explaining.The threshold was set higher for a smog alert. So less alarms.
(D) In 1988 the mayor of Los Diablos was found to have accepted large campaign donations from local industries and to have exempted those same industries from air pollution control measures. - This clearly does not support. If this was true then the smog alerts would have gone down in 1988 itself but that is not the case. Smog alerts went up in 1988.
(E) Excess ozone and carbon monoxide require a minimum of two years to break down naturally in the atmosphere above a given area – Supports in explaining.Once the Carbon Monooxide and Ozone of 1987 went down it result in less amount of smog due to new regulations.
Hence D is the answer.
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vc019 wrote: Facts: 1 - since 1986 the levels of both have been monitored by gas spectrography 2 - The main air pollutants in Los Diablos are ozone and carbon monoxide 3 - In 1986, the city of Los Diablos had 20 days on which air pollution reached unhealthful amounts and a smog alert was put into effect. 4 - In early 1987, new air pollution control measures were enacted, 5 - but the city had smog alerts on 31 days in 1987 and on 39 days the 1988 6 - In 1989, however, the number of smog alerts in Los Diablos dropped to sixteen
Let's look at the options now.
(A) The 1987 air pollution control measures enacted in Los Diablos were put into effect in November of 1988. – Supports in explaining. So come 1989 the air pollution dropped
(B) In December of 1988 a new and far more accurate gas spectrometer was invented. – Measured SMOG more accurately so the number alerts were less.
(C) In February of 1989, the Pollution Control Board of Los Diablos revised the scale used to determine the amount of air pollution considered unhealthful. – Supports in explaining.The threshold was set higher for a smog alert. So less alarms.
(D) In 1988 the mayor of Los Diablos was found to have accepted large campaign donations from local industries and to have exempted those same industries from air pollution control measures. - This clearly does not support. If this was true then the smog alerts would have gone down in 1988 itself but that is not the case. Smog alerts went up in 1988.
(E) Excess ozone and carbon monoxide require a minimum of two years to break down naturally in the atmosphere above a given area – Supports in explaining.Once the Carbon Monooxide and Ozone of 1987 went down it result in less amount of smog due to new regulations.
Hence D is the answer.
Hmmm... B, C, D, E .. all choices are already selected.. pretty interesting.
Whats the OA?
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Give me B!
If the spectrometer is more accurate, it means that its measures must be higher, not smaller!
It doesn't explain the decrease!
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Caas wrote: Give me B! If the spectrometer is more accurate, it means that its measures must be higher, not smaller! It doesn't explain the decrease! 
 - that is not neccessary, it can be the other way round too!
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Re: cr air pollution [#permalink]
08 Jun 2007, 13:25
OA is B
intially i was not getting that why it is B, i thought it to be D,
thanks dips for your explanation for B
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vc019 wrote: Caas wrote: Give me B! If the spectrometer is more accurate, it means that its measures must be higher, not smaller! It doesn't explain the decrease!   - that is not neccessary, it can be the other way round too!
hmmm..i am confused....
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I thought of B as the answer but then realised what VC019 mentioned. Far more accurate means it wasnt accurate before and it is now.
It could also mean that previously it was showing the air unhealthy though the air wasn't.Now since it is accurate it can clearly say the air is healthy thus reducing the smog alerts.
i still think its D . Though D also justifies the scene slightly but least compared to other options.
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Hi vc019,
See the explanation in the link below and you will be convinced that it is B.
http://www.gmatclub.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?t=32988
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Re: cr air pollution [#permalink]
09 Jun 2007, 01:47
nehanishika wrote: In 1986, the city of Los Diablos had 20 days on which air pollution reached unhealthful amounts and a smog alert was put into effect. In early 1987, new air pollution control measures were enacted, but the city had smog alerts on 31 days that year and on 39 days the following year. In 1989, however, the number of smog alerts in Los Diablos dropped to sixteen. The main air pollutants in Los Diablos are ozone and carbon monoxide, and since 1986 the levels of both have been monitored by gas spectrography. Which of the following statements, assuming that each is true, would be LEAST helpful in explaining the air pollution levels in Los Diablos between 1986 and 1989? (A) The 1987 air pollution control measures enacted in Los Diablos were put into effect in November of 1988. (B) In December of 1988 a new and far more accurate gas spectrometer was invented. (C) In February of 1989, the Pollution Control Board of Los Diablos revised the scale used to determine the amount of air pollution considered unhealthful. (D) In 1988 the mayor of Los Diablos was found to have accepted large campaign donations from local industries and to have exempted those same industries from air pollution control measures. (E) Excess ozone and carbon monoxide require a minimum of two years to break down naturally in the atmosphere above a given area
For me it's quite tricky question because it seemed at first best answer was C. Indeed, B doesn't explain the drop in the number of days because :
- we didn't now if the invention is used or not
- even if, it would be used, it would not favor a drop or an increase because "more accuracy" of the machine will work on both directions.
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vineetgupta wrote: Hi vc019, See the explanation in the link below and you will be convinced that it is B. http://www.gmatclub.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?t=32988
Hello vineetgupta,
I agree to the explaination on this link but really it also means that the option B is out of scope of this agrument. I would correct my explaination of point B and say it is out of scope and still say the answer is D.
The reason I would go with D and not with B now is -
B - Out of scope. Invention of a more accurate gas spectrometer does not fall in the scope of the argument.
One of the lessons I would take from this argument is "we should not make our own assumptions" - assuming here that the new spectrometer would be used is an assumption.
So, B does not weaken or strengthen the argument. Hence D is still the answer.
I would really like to know if this explaination is acceptable so that I can be sure that the line of thought is correct.
Regards
VC
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B is the best. Invention of a new tool/equipment will not cause a reduction in environmental pollution.
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