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In a consumer survey, 85% of those surveyed liked at least [#permalink]
 18 Sep 2003, 15:38
In a consumer survey, 85% of those surveyed liked at least one of three products: 1, 2, and 3. 50% of those asked liked product 1, 30% liked product 2, and 20% liked product 3. If 5% of the people in the survey liked all three of the products, what percentage of the survey participants liked more than one of the three products?
A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 20
E) 25
I found the answer and explanation on Score 800 test, but cant understand it at all. Would any of u be kind enough to explain the answer.
Thanks,
Vasurajiv.
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Please try this question.
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Is E the answer.
My approach -
Out of 100%, only 85% liked at least one product.
i.e 85 = Sum of who liked only 1 product(Sum1) - sum of who like 2 products(Sum2) + sum of who liked all 3(Sum3).
I can't make Venn diagram here. But that'll help.
so eqn would be
85 = 50+30+20 - (Sum2)+5 --> Sum2 = 20.
Now, to find % who liked more than one product would be Sum2 + Sum3
= 20 +5 = 25. Hence E.
Pls. let me know if my initial eqn is correct. That's the key here.
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Re: Survey problem [#permalink]
25 Sep 2003, 05:32
I get C.
The eqn I used is this:
Number of people who liked at least 1 product = Prod1+Prod2 + Prod3 - Prod1&2 - Prod2&3 - Prod1&3 - Prod1&2&3
The numbers of people liking prod 1 include those liking 1&2, 1&3, and 1,2&3. The same is true for the people liking product 2 and product 3. That's why you need to subtract out the people liking multiple products.
So (using a basis of 100 for easy numbers):
85=50+30+20-(1&2)-(2&3)-(1&3)-5
85=95-(Number of People Who Liked 2 Products)
Number of People who liked exactly 2 products = 10
From question stem, number of people who liked all three products =5
Number of people who liked more than 1 product = 10+5=15
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Senior Manager
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jlyngal the correct set formula is this:
Number of people who liked at least 1 product = Prod1+Prod2 + Prod3 - Prod1&2 - Prod2&3 - Prod1&3 - 2*Prod1&2&3
Infact, if u draw vein diagram u will see that we have counted the intersection of 1,2 & 3 three times, thats why we substract 2 times. As for intersection 1&2, 2&3, 3&1 we count it two times and subtract only 1 time to get the correct number.
praet/stolyar correct me if i am wrong.
Answer wud be B.
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i think the answer is A.
50+30+20-'X'-2(5)= 85.
so X = 5%.
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Vicky wrote: jlyngal the correct set formula is this:
Number of people who liked at least 1 product = Prod1+Prod2 + Prod3 - Prod1&2 - Prod2&3 - Prod1&3 - 2*Prod1&2&3
Infact, if u draw vein diagram u will see that we have counted the intersection of 1,2 & 3 three times, thats why we substract 2 times. As for intersection 1&2, 2&3, 3&1 we count it two times and subtract only 1 time to get the correct number.
praet/stolyar correct me if i am wrong.
Answer wud be B.
Hi Vicky,
Your answer seems correct. However, there is a correction required in the formula you mentioned.
Number of people who liked at least 1 product = Prod1+Prod2 + Prod3 - Prod1&2 - Prod2&3 - Prod1&3 + Prod1&2&3
If you pick up few numbers then you will be able to verify this.
So 85 = 50 + 30 + 20 - (Prod1&2 + Prod2&3 + Prod1&3) + 5
Hence (Prod1&2 + Prod2&3 + Prod1&3) = 20
But the required answer is = (Prod1&2 + Prod2&3 + Prod1&3) - 2*Prod1&2&3 = 20 - 5x2 = 10
Answer is 10 which is B.
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Formula for two elements a and b
Union of a and b aUb = a + b - a^b
To derive the formula for 3 elements, consider aUb as one unit and expand the union of a,b and c using the formula for two elements
aUbUc = (aUb) + c - (aUb)^c
= a + b - a^b + c -(a+b-a^b)^c
= a + b - a^b + c- (a^c + b^c-a^b^c)
= a + b - a^b + c-a^c-b^c+a^b^c
= a + b + c - (a^b+a^c+b^c) + a^b^c
In the current question, the values given are
aUbUc= 85, a=50,b=30,c=20, a^b^c = 5, What is (a^b+a^c+b^c) + a^b^c?
Applying the formula
(a^b+a^c+b^c) = a+b+c -aUbUc+ a^b^c = 50+30+20-85+5 = 20
(a^b+a^c+b^c) + a^b^c = 20 + 5 = 25
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Re: survey solution [#permalink]
02 Nov 2003, 07:07
pawargmat wrote: Formula for two elements a and b
Union of a and b aUb = a + b - a^b
To derive the formula for 3 elements, consider aUb as one unit and expand the union of a,b and c using the formula for two elements
aUbUc = (aUb) + c - (aUb)^c
= a + b - a^b + c -(a+b-a^b)^c
= a + b - a^b + c- (a^c + b^c-a^b^c)
= a + b - a^b + c-a^c-b^c+a^b^c
= a + b + c - (a^b+a^c+b^c) + a^b^c
In the current question, the values given are
aUbUc= 85, a=50,b=30,c=20, a^b^c = 5, What is (a^b+a^c+b^c) + a^b^c?
Applying the formula
(a^b+a^c+b^c) = a+b+c -aUbUc+ a^b^c = 50+30+20-85+5 = 20
(a^b+a^c+b^c) + a^b^c = 20 + 5 = 25
Hi pawargmat,
Your derivation of the formula is correct. But what the question is asking is NOT = (a^b+a^c+b^c) + a^b^c
What the questio is asking is = (a^b+a^c+b^c) - 2(a^b^c)
This can become clear if you use the ven diagram.
If you draw the ven diagram, you will realize that the term "a^b+a^c+b^c" itself includes the term "a^b^c" THRICE. So we need to take out 2(a^b^c) from "a^b+a^c+b^c" in order to arrive at the answer.
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That's correct am.. Thanks..
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