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Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the

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Serge
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Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the [#permalink] New post   Updated on: 18 Jan 2019, 02:22
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Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War, using it to help build a modern industrial system.


(A) Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War, using it to help build

(B) Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War and used it to help in building

(C) Japan used the huge sums of capital it received from the United States after the Second World War to help build

(D) Japan's huge sums of capital received from the United States after the Second World War were used to help it in building

(E) Receiving huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War, Japan used it to help build
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C

Originally posted by Serge on 31 May 2004, 06:59.
Last edited by Bunuel on 18 Jan 2019, 02:22, edited 3 times in total.
Renamed the topic and edited the question.
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VeritasPrepRon
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Re: Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the [#permalink] New post   21 Aug 2013, 14:36
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TiredOfStudying wrote:
Anyone? I also go for C. Isn't "Huge sums of capital" plural? therefore you can't really say "used it"


Hi TiredOfStudying (hilarious name, btw). Yes the whole question here is the pronoun "it". The antecedent of "it" is ambiguous as it could be the money, Japan or the US. Answer choices A, B, D and E all have the confusing pronoun while C succinctly sums up the sentence nicely.

With pronouns, if you can find an answer choice that eliminates ambiguity by removing the pronoun entirely, it's likely your best bet.

Hope this helps!
-Ron
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Re: 454 / 1000 [#permalink] New post   08 Nov 2009, 18:35
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I’m choosing C as well.

(A) Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War, using it to help build
I think “using it” here can be ambiguous but im not sure.
(B) Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War and used it to help in building
“It” is ambiguous
(C) Japan used the huge sums of capital it received from the United States after the Second World War to help build
Correct.
(D) Japan’s huge sums of capital received from the United States after the Second World War were used to help it in building
This is wrong in meaning. It implies the huge sums already belonged to Japan.
(E) Receiving huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War, Japan used it to help build
Ambiguous pronoun “it”.
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Re: Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the [#permalink] New post   21 Aug 2013, 10:30
Anyone? I also go for C. Isn't "Huge sums of capital" plural? therefore you can't really say "used it"
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Re: Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the [#permalink] New post   15 Jan 2014, 04:21
Tested concepts: Pronoun ambiguity and Modifiers

In all the choices other than "C", "it" can refer to either huge sums of capital or the United States. The only answer choice that is unambiguous is "C"
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Re: Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the [#permalink] New post   10 Aug 2018, 19:52
Serge wrote:
Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War, using it to help build a modern industrial system.

(A) Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War, using it to help build
(B) Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War and used it to help in building
(C) Japan used the huge sums of capital it received from the United States after the Second World War to help build
(D) Japan's huge sums of capital received from the United States after the Second World War were used to help it in building
(E) Receiving huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War, Japan used it to help build

Please explain how you eliminated "the second best" option.


"Japan used capital to help build a modern industrial system"-- correctly conveys by option "C"
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Re: Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the [#permalink] New post   11 Aug 2018, 02:09
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Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War, using it to help build a modern industrial system.

(A) Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War, using it to help build --> "sums" is plural
(B) Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War and used it to help in building --> same as A
(C) Japan used the huge sums of capital it received from the United States after the Second World War to help build --> correct
(D) Japan's huge sums of capital received from the United States after the Second World War were used to help it in building --> "it" can't refer back to possessive "Japan's" (according to GMAT)
(E) Receiving huge sums of capital from the United States after the Second World War, Japan used it to help build --> same as A
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Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the [#permalink] New post   19 Jul 2019, 09:32
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I have problem with "C" answer ( it is true that all other answer choices are incorrect). BUT in C

(C) Japan used the huge sums of capital it received from the United States after the Second World War to help build.


when I read answer "c",it is a little bit awkward and ungrammatical to me ....could someone explain why pronoun (it) is too much close to antecedent (capital) ?????
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Re: Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the [#permalink] New post   25 Nov 2019, 05:09
VeritasPrepRon wrote:
TiredOfStudying wrote:
Anyone? I also go for C. Isn't "Huge sums of capital" plural? therefore you can't really say "used it"


Hi TiredOfStudying (hilarious name, btw). Yes the whole question here is the pronoun "it". The antecedent of "it" is ambiguous as it could be the money, Japan or the US. Answer choices A, B, D and E all have the confusing pronoun while C succinctly sums up the sentence nicely.

With pronouns, if you can find an answer choice that eliminates ambiguity by removing the pronoun entirely, it's likely your best bet.

Hope this helps!
-Ron


But C also has 'it' which can refer back to both Japan and Capital. I am very much confused about pronoun ambiguit.

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Re: Japan received huge sums of capital from the United States after the [#permalink] New post   17 Jan 2023, 05:15
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