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Over the last century, paleontologists have used small [#permalink]
 27 Jan 2010, 14:15
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Over the last century, paleontologists have used small differences between fossil specimens to classify triceratops into sixteen species. This classification is unjustified, however, since the specimens used to distinguish eleven of the species come from animals that lived in the same area at the same time. Which of the following, if true, would enable the conclusion of the argument to be properly drawn? (A) Not every species that lived in a given area is preserved as a fossil. (B) At least one individual of every true species of triceratops has been discovered as a fossil specimen. (C) No geographical area ever supports more than three similar species at the same time. (D) In many species, individuals display quite marked variation. (E) Differences between fossil specimens of triceratops that came from the same area are no less distinctive than differences between specimens that came from different areas.
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Re: Over the last century, paleontologists [#permalink]
27 Jan 2010, 14:48
Answer is E.
Since the differences between the fossil specimens of same area and that from different area is not much, we can draw the conclusion of the argument.
I am not very confident though about this answer.
OA please. Thanks
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Re: Over the last century, paleontologists [#permalink]
27 Jan 2010, 15:17
SudiptoGmat wrote: Over the last century, paleontologists have used small differences between fossil specimens to classify triceratops into sixteen species. This classification is unjustified, however, since the specimens used to distinguish eleven of the species come from animals that lived in the same area at the same time.
Which of the following, if true, would enable the conclusion of the argument to be properly drawn?
(A) Not every species that lived in a given area is preserved as a fossil. --- out of scope
(B) At least one individual of every true species of triceratops has been discovered as a fossil specimen. --- out of scope
(C) No geographical area ever supports more than three similar species at the same time. --- three the max value, so it is unlikely that in a particular geographic area 11 similar species can exist
(D) In many species, individuals display quite marked variation. --- very close to answer
(E) Differences between fossil specimens of triceratops that came from the same area are no less distinctive than differences between specimens that came from different areas. -- out of scope OA
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Re: Over the last century, paleontologists [#permalink]
29 Jan 2010, 13:08
Over the last century, paleontologists have used small differences between fossil specimens to classify triceratops into sixteen species. This classification is unjustified, however, since the specimens used to distinguish eleven of the species come from animals that lived in the same area at the same time. Which of the following, if true, would enable the conclusion of the argument to be properly drawn? (A) Not every species that lived in a given area is preserved as a fossil. (B) At least one individual of every true species of triceratops has been discovered as a fossil specimen. (C) No geographical area ever supports more than three similar species at the same time.(D) In many species, individuals display quite marked variation. (E) Differences between fossil specimens of triceratops that came from the same area are no less distinctive than differences between specimens that came from different areas. Would go with C..... although I read the question wrong before  Explanation: CN = The classification is wrong as the specimens used to distinguish 11 species come from same area. The only supporting option to this is C.. as it says clear that any area can support max of 3 similar species at the same time!
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Re: Over the last century, paleontologists [#permalink]
27 May 2010, 09:26
I am still not convinced with C. What if there are two same species and the third one is different or all the three are different? Experts please comment.
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Re: Over the last century, paleontologists [#permalink]
01 Jun 2010, 12:49
C it is.
argument says...classification of species is not justified because 11 species came from animals that lived in same area at the same time.
option C says...no geographical area ever supports more than 3 similar species at the same time.
so option (C) will help in stating that conclusion is justified because at max there can be only 3 species from the same geographical area.
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Re: Over the last century, paleontologists have used small [#permalink]
26 May 2012, 21:10
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Correct answer is C. A study is presented and the author finds flaw in the study. The flaw is that the study has used fossils from the same area to determine new species. Author is not convinced about it.
(A) Not every species that lived in a given area is preserved as a fossil.
Some of the species may not be preserved but the others can be used to determine the species. We will take the fossils only. Concern is about finding species and not the finding of all the fossil
(B) At least one individual of every true species of triceratops has been discovered as a fossil specimen.
Exaggerated answer that is not supported/ implied from the argument
(C) No geographical area ever supports more than three similar species at the same time.
Correct answer. Let us negate this. "There is at least one geographical are that supports more than three similar species at the same time". If there exists such an area, then we can find 11 different species from the same area. Author says the complete opposite. The argument of the author will fail if the statement is true.
(D) In many species, individuals display quite marked variation.
Out of scope
(E) Differences between fossil specimens of triceratops that came from the same area are no less distinctive than differences between specimens that came from different areas.
This is the opposite of C and the reasoning used by the study. Author is not convinced with the statement and says that such a statement can't be true. Variations exist between species from different geographical regions.
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Re: Over the last century, paleontologists have used small [#permalink]
27 May 2012, 07:50
+1 C This choice confirms that there cannot be eleven species in the same area.
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Re: Over the last century, paleontologists have used small
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27 May 2012, 07:50
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