If the intake of carbohydrates is sufficiently low enough, the human

A If the intake of carbohydrates is sufficiently low enough, the human body will enter ketosis, where it metabolizes fat directly rather than using glucose.
Sufficiently low enough is an awkward phrasing; where must refer to a place on the GMAT. Incorrect.

B If the human body's intake of carbohydrates are sufficiently low, it will enter ketosis, a state in which fat is directly burned rather than metabolizing glucose.
intake are, verb agreement is off. Eliminate

C In the case of a sufficiently low carbohydrate intake, the human body enters ketosis, a state in which it directly metabolizes fat rather than glucose.
Clearer than A. Which used appropriately, all verb tense/agreement works. This looks like a winner.

D In cases where carbohydrate intake is low enough, the human body will enter ketosis, in which fat rather than glucose is directly metabolized.
Verb tenses don't match. Intake is low, human body will enter, fat is... needs to all be the same tense or at least for the timeline to make logical sense.

E If the sufficient intake of carbohydrates is low enough, the human body will enter ketosis, in which its metabolism burns not glucose but fat.
If the sufficient intake is low enough --) sufficient doesn't make sense here.

Hence it must be C.

Hope this helps!
-Ron

It is indeed C.

In the exam I lost time because I eliminated the option because of this sentence "a state in which it directly metabolizes fat rather than glucose." I was thinking the pronoun "it" does not have a clear reference, does it?

I ultimately chose C because other options were "worse".

anilisanil, I think it's safe to say that for this question, there is no reference problem if you check the meaning of the sentence. I think in this case "it" can clearly refer to "the human body" since it's the subject of the clause "the human body will enter ketosis". Also you can see that it's the body which metabolizes the fat, not the state itself.

That should make it easier

Holy Moley! Awesome question. Came down to C and D for me. And POE led me to C .

In A, the "where" in "where it metabolizes" is replaced by "in which" in all the other answers so that was a red flag for me.

B completely changes the meaning of the sentence when it states "a state in which fat is directly burned rather than metabolizing glucose." None of the others talk about burning fat, they all say "metabolize"

E - "If the sufficient intake of carbohydrates is low enough" makes absolutely no sense. Intake can't be sufficient and low enough simultaneously.

So C and D...the "In cases where carbohydrate intake" was the red flag for me in D. Cases isn't a location, it's figurative, which made "where" seem out of place.

That leaves C.

The OA is C
C In the case of a sufficiently low carbohydrate intake, the human body enters ketosis, a state in which it directly metabolizes fat rather than glucose
Now let's check if the meaning is ok or not:

"directly metabolizes fat rather than glucose": It means it metabolizes fat and it does not directly metabolize glucose anymore.

But the actual meaning was " it directly metabolizes fat and it does use glucose to metabolize fat anymore"..

I do feel there is meaning error in the OA.

Please correct me if wrong

In option c
C) In the case of a sufficiently low carbohydrate intake, the human body enters ketosis, a state in which it directly metabolizes fat rather than glucose.

Is the word sufficiently not misplaced here ? .....also isnt option C more awkward to read .
Can someone please say why D was wrong .

"D In cases where carbohydrate intake is low enough, the human body will enter ketosis, in which fat rather than glucose is directly metabolized"

D is wrong for its usage of "where". "Where" should be used as a pronoun for physical locations, if it is used elsewhere it is wrong.

HERE IS OE

This sentence describes the consequences when the human body's intake of carbohydrates drops below a certain level: below that point, the body begins to metabolize fat rather than glucose (a state called ketosis). The opening part of the sentence should clearly and properly indicate the conditions described, i.e., the carbohydrate intake itself is sufficiently low. The two different sources of fuel mentioned in the sentence – fat and glucose – should be written in parallel.

(A) The usage of both “sufficiently” and “enough” is redundant; the modifier beginning with “where…” illogically suggests that ketosis is a physical location. Finally, "metabolizes fat directly" is not parallel to “using glucose.”

(B) The plural verb “are” does not agree with the singular subject “intake”; the two constructions “fat is directly burned” and “metabolizing glucose” are not parallel. Finally, the pronoun it seems to refer (illogically) to “intake.” (“Human body's” is an adjective, not a noun, so it can't be the antecedent of that pronoun.)

(C) CORRECT. “In the case of a sufficiently low carbohydrate intake” correctly delineates the circumstances under which the described effect is observed. The present tense (“enters”) is appropriate, because the sentence describes a general phenomenon. The pronoun “it” is properly used to refer to the human body, and the appositive modifier “a state…” is properly used to modify ketosis. Finally, the parallel structure X rather than Y is properly formed with two nouns (“fat rather than glucose”).

(D) The modifier beginning with “where…” illogically suggests that “cases” are physical locations.

(E) “Sufficient” is misplaced, suggesting that the carbohydrate intake itself must be “sufficient,” rather than sufficiently low.

C and D try to right the ship C it is that takes the lady home

Hi,

I agree with OA but ''sufficiently'' (an adverb) is modifying ''low''(an adjective).
Someone plz elaborate

So what is the issue ? Adverbs can modify adjectives, but they they cannot modify a noun.

As per MGMAT SC both of these forms are correct [adj+adj+noun] or [adv+adj+noun]
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If the intake of carbohydrates is sufficiently low enough, the human body will enter ketosis, where it metabolizes fat directly rather than using glucose.


A If the intake of carbohydrates is sufficiently low enough, the human body will enter ketosis, where it metabolizes fat directly rather than using glucose. Sufficiently Low Enough is wrong.


B If the human body's intake of carbohydrates are sufficiently low, it will enter ketosis, a state in which fat is directly burned rather than metabolizing glucose. - We are talking about, Human body's Intake and not about carbohydrates, so usage of plural is incorrect.


C In the case of a sufficiently low carbohydrate intake, the human body enters ketosis, a state in which it directly metabolizes fat rather than glucose. This is good. We have a modifier, which modifies the human body, the subject of the independent clause . The independent clause is followed by a participle phrase, modifying the subject of the independent clause - Human Body. Thus the usage of it is correct. IT in this case will not modify Ketosis, but the human body.

D In cases where carbohydrate intake is low enough, the human body will enter ketosis, in which fat rather than glucose is directly metabolized. The usage of where is absolutely wrong. Where is used for a physical location.


E If the sufficient intake of carbohydrates is low enough, the human body will enter ketosis, in which its metabolism burns not glucose but fat. - This is awkward

Just to be sure, the use of "where" in answer choice D would be sufficient to POE this answer choice ?

If the intake of carbohydrates is sufficiently low enough, the human body will enter ketosis, where it metabolizes fat directly rather than using glucose.


If the intake of carbohydrates is sufficiently low enough, the human body will enter ketosis, where it metabolizes fat directly rather than using glucose.

If the human body's intake of carbohydrates are sufficiently low, it will enter ketosis, a state in which fat is directly burned rather than metabolizing glucose.

In the case of a sufficiently low carbohydrate intake, the human body enters ketosis, a state in which it directly metabolizes fat rather than glucose.

In cases where carbohydrate intake is low enough, the human body will enter ketosis, in which fat rather than glucose is directly metabolized.

If the sufficient intake of carbohydrates is low enough, the human body will enter ketosis, in which its metabolism burns not glucose but fat.

All I want to understand is that how in C - it clearly refers to the human body it could very well refer to the ketosis

(A) If the intake of carbohydrates is sufficiently low enough, the human body will enter ketosis, where it metabolizes fat directly rather than using glucose. -- "sufficiently" and "enough" are redundant. Eliminate

(B) If the human body's intake of carbohydrates are sufficiently low, it will enter ketosis, a state in which fat is directly burned rather than metabolizing glucose. -- SV error. "HB's intake" (singular subject) "are" (verb)

(C) In the case of a sufficiently low carbohydrate intake, the human body enters ketosis, a state in which it directly metabolizes fat rather than glucose. -- Correct.

(D) In cases where carbohydrate intake is low enough, the human body will enter ketosis, in which fat rather than glucose is directly metabolized. -- "where" is not the correct relative pronoun. It is only used to describe a place.

(E) If the sufficient intake of carbohydrates is low enough, the human body will enter ketosis, in which its metabolism burns not glucose but fat. -- same as A

I got this question wrong because I thought the intended meaning of the sentence was that in ketosis, the body can metabolize fat directly rather than using glucose to metabolize fat (as if in normal circumstances).

In answer D, "where" is wrong, right?