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Magoosh GMAT Instructor
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Re: Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
A is the correct answer.

(A) known to oppose evolution on religious grounds...Correct
(B) known as an opponent of evolution on religious grounds..means he is an opponent of evolution..Incorrect
(C) known for his religiously based opposition with evolution..opposition with evolution..incorrect
(D) a person who, it is known, religiously opposed evolution..clearly wrong..sentence fragment
(E) who, it is known, opposed evolution on religious grounds...who, it is known..incorrect use..
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Re: Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
anish123ster wrote:
A is the correct answer.

(A) known to oppose evolution on religious grounds...Correct
(B) known as an opponent of evolution on religious grounds..means he is an opponent of evolution..Incorrect

Isn't he an opponent of evolution? Isn't it what follows from A)?
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Re: Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
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What is the critical difference between - known to oppose evolution - and opponent of evolution? known to oppose may be slightly better because it shorter; But are they both differenced otherwise?
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Re: Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
mikemcgarry wrote:
HumptyDumpty wrote:
anish123ster wrote:
A is the correct answer.
(A) known to oppose evolution on religious grounds...Correct
(B) known as an opponent of evolution on religious grounds..means he is an opponent of evolution..Incorrect

Isn't he an opponent of evolution? Isn't it what follows from A)?

Dear HumptyDumpty,
I don't know that this is what anish123ster is getting at, but the phrase "known to oppose evolution on religious grounds" contains a potential ambiguity --- is Bryan's opposition on religious grounds? or is his opposition known to the rest of us on religious grounds? ---- In other words, the adverbial phrase "on religious grounds" could modify either of the verbs, and this ambiguity is potentially problematic.


Why then is the ambiguous AC the right AC? Does B: "known as an opponent of evolution on religious grounds" NOT contain the same ambiguity? If it does, is B out because it is wordier than A, but anyway both A and B are ambiguous?
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Re: Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
IMO "an opponent of evolution" is wordy and hence incorrect for GMAT.
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Re: Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
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HumptyDumpty wrote:
Why then is the ambiguous AC the right AC? Does B: "known as an opponent of evolution on religious grounds" NOT contain the same ambiguity? If it does, is B out because it is wordier than A, but anyway both A and B are ambiguous?

Dear HumptyDumpty,
The phrase "on religious grounds" is an adverbial phrase, a phrase that most naturally modifies a verb or verb form. See:
https://magoosh.com/gmat/2012/gmat-gramm ... d-clauses/
https://magoosh.com/gmat/2012/gmat-gramm ... d-clauses/
In (A), the OA, the adverbial phrase modifies the closest verb form, the infinitive "to oppose". Very clear.
In (B), grammatically, the adverbial phrase should modify the verb form, the participle "known". Logically, that doesn't work. People say someone is "an opponent on such-and-such grounds", and I suppose we could say in that instance the prepositional is acting as an adjectival phrase, but I would call that construction suspect. It's not as clean, not a clear. Combine this with the active form "to oppose" vs. the static & wordy "an opponent of", and (B) is clearly wrong.
Does this make sense?
Mike :-)
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Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
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Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan, known to oppose evolution on religious grounds, became the star witness for the prosecution in the Scopes Trials.

(A) known to oppose evolution on religious grounds

(B) known as an opponent of evolution on religious grounds

(C) known for his religiously based opposition with evolution

(D) a person who, it is known, religiously opposed evolution

(E) who, it is known, opposed evolution on religious grounds

Originally posted by tuanquang269 on 14 Oct 2015, 09:55.
Last edited by broall on 19 Jul 2017, 23:46, edited 1 time in total.
Merged post. Please search before posting
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Re: Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
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A. Known to is the wrong idiom. It is either Known as X or Known for something.
B. Don't see any problem.( 'Known as X' is correctly used)
C. Religiously based opposition with evolution is not right
D. Religiously opposed changes the meaning. He did not religiously oppose but opposed on religious ground.
E. Don't see any problem either. ('Known for something' correctly used).

Between B and E. I would go for B as B conveys the same info without using the unnecessary relative clause 'who..'.

Thanks!
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Re: Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
tuanquang269 wrote:
Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan, known to oppose evolution on religious grounds, became the star witness for the prosecution in the Scopes Trials.

(A) known to oppose evolution on religious grounds

(B) known as an opponent of evolution on religious grounds

(C) known for his religiously based opposition with evolution

(D) a person who, it is known, religiously opposed evolution

(E) who, it is known, opposed evolution on religious grounds


B is wordy , compared to A.
C , the meaning is unclear. "opposition with"should be "opposition to"
D, and E are wordy.

A is best.

I see that B, D, E are wordy. and wordiness is the only reason for elimination of those choice, a situation not happening on gmat land. normally gmat test us : logic, unclearness and redundance. seldom gmat test us only wordiness.
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Re: Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
tuanquang269 wrote:
Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan, known to oppose evolution on religious grounds, became the star witness for the prosecution in the Scopes Trials.

(A) known to oppose evolution on religious grounds

(B) known as an opponent of evolution on religious grounds

(C) known for his religiously based opposition with evolution

(D) a person who, it is known, religiously opposed evolution

(E) who, it is known, opposed evolution on religious grounds


A as it clearly conveys the meaning of the sentence
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Re: Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
A .

my reason to discard " B " is that we use known as for names such as - He is known as the rock or He is known as XYZ .

C - religiously is incorrectly modifying opposition
D and E says opposed which implies he doesnt oppose any more now and plus they are wordy ;
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Re: Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
be known to be/do something

If something or someone is known to be or do something, people know that it is true or happens, or that someone is or does something:

A daily intake of 20 mg of vitamin C is known to be sufficient in most cases to ward off scurvy.

known to oppose evolution on religious grounds Correct answer
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Re: Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
I think official answer is wrong

(A) known to oppose evolution on religious grounds
"known to"-- unidiomatic
(B) known as an opponent of evolution on religious grounds
known as-- clearly modifies William Jennings Bryan, Also known as is idiomatic
(C) known for his religiously based opposition with evolution
"Impproper use of adverb, also chnages the meaning"
(D) a person who, it is known, religiously opposed evolution
"it"-- wrong usage of it
(E) who, it is known, opposed evolution on religious grounds
"it"-- wrong usage of it
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Re: Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
Can someone please explain why B is incorrect ?
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Re: Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
Some people in the posts above, have mentioned that B is wordy, when compared to A.

But I am also not totally convinced on this. What does OE say?
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Re: Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
Correct:
------------
known to do X (usage: famous for)
known for [Noun (wisdom,sacrifice etc.)]
known as "X"
known by [Noun/Pronoun (person)]


Incorrect:
-------------
known to be
known of
known to have
known in [Gerund]
known as someone to do
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Re: Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
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ankujgupta wrote:
Can someone please explain why B is incorrect ?


malavika1 wrote:
Some people in the posts above, have mentioned that B is wordy, when compared to A.

But I am also not totally convinced on this. What does OE say?


The idiom "known as" is used in the sense "named" or "called":

The serial killer is known as Jack the Ripper.... correct
Though my actual name is Sayantan, in GMATclub I am known as sayantanc2k.... correct

In option B, " known as" does not make sense. Jennings Bryan is not called an opponent of evolution.
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Re: Two-time Presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan [#permalink]
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