Teachers over age 35 are less motivated in their teaching an

Teachers over age 35 are less motivated in their teaching and less likely to form strong bonds with their students than are younger teachers. Until recently, this phenomenon was understood as resulting from a reduced level of energy due to aging and the demands of raising a family. However, a study published last year showed that new teachers entering the field of education over age 35 tend to have comparable levels of motivation and bonding as do younger teachers. Since by the age of 35 most teachers have been teaching for five to ten years already, these studies suggest that teachers over 35 aren't as good in this regard because several years of teaching have caused them to burn out.

In the argument given, the two selections in boldface play which of the following roles?

a)The first is a claim, the accuracy of which is disputed in the argument; the second is evidence brought to dispute the argument.

b)The first is an objection raised against a claim made in the argument; the second is that claim

c)The first is evidence used to support an interpretation that is later challenged in the argument; the second is that interpretation

d)The first is evidence used to support an interpretation that later gets challenged in the argument; the second is an alternative interpretation put forth by the argument.

e)The first provides evidence to support an interpretation endorsed by the argument; the second is that interpretation.

Plz explain the reasoning.