I don't necessarily think so, but you'll have to be really, really good in finance and know what your talking about in interviews. If you can do that and network like crazy, then I think you could get a summer gig at a PE shop - of course, then you have to prove you're good enough to join the firm after graduation.
Essentially without any IB experience, between now and next March (interviews), you would need to obtain all of the knowledge an IB analyst would possess without the luxury of actually being an IB analyst. Remember, they have 2-3 years at 80-100 weeks churning out models, pitch books, etc. On top of that, you would need to learn financial engineering and everything you could about how the PE industry works and makes money.
Like I said, it's doable, but very, very difficult. That's why only 4-5% of HBS and Stanford graduates make it and very few from other schools.
Another option would be to get a summer gig at a top BB, get in the financial sponsors group (if it still exists in some cases
), be an all-star, network with PE folks, and then try your best in the fall to secure a job in PE / VC. That may be the easiest option, although you'll still need to be really good at everything I mentioned in the first paragraph.