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Political scientist: As a political system, democracy does [#permalink]
 14 Nov 2005, 05:32
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Political scientist: As a political system, democracy does not promote political freedom. There are historical examples of democracies that ultimately resulted in some of the most oppressive societies. Likewise, there have been enlightened despotisms and oligarchies that have provided a remarkable level of political freedom to their subjects.
The reasoning in the political scientist’s argument is flawed because it
(A) confuses the conditions necessary for political freedom with the conditions sufficient to bring it about
(B) fail to consider that a substantial increase in the level of political freedom might cause a society to become more democratic
(C) appeals to historical examples that are irrelevant to the causal claim being made
(D) overlooks the possibility that democracy promotes political freedom without being necessary or sufficient by itself to produce it
(E) bases its historical case on a personal point of view
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D)...the logic of the author is: if there are historical examples of democracies that ultimately resulted in some of the most oppressive societies and there have been enlightened despotisms and oligarchies that have provided a remarkable level of political freedom to their subjects then democracy does not promote political freedom. what if democracy is only the promoter but not the producer of political freedom, then the line of reasoning falls apart b/c the evidence is insufficient.
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To me, D seems out of scope. I would choose C since the political scientist concludes democracy does not promote political freedom because there have been oppressive democratic societies and some despotisms and oligarchies have provided political freedom to their subjects. The comparison between democracies and despotisms and oligarchies does not apply in this case.
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Re: CR - Democracy [#permalink]
14 Nov 2005, 11:23
rahulraao wrote: Political scientist: As a political system, democracy does not promote political freedom. There are historical examples of democracies that ultimately resulted in some of the most oppressive societies. Likewise, there have been enlightened despotisms and oligarchies that have provided a remarkable level of political freedom to their subjects.
The reasoning in the political scientist’s argument is flawed because it
(A) confuses the conditions necessary for political freedom with the conditions sufficient to bring it about
(B) fail to consider that a substantial increase in the level of political freedom might cause a society to become more democratic
(C) appeals to historical examples that are irrelevant to the causal claim being made
(D) overlooks the possibility that democracy promotes political freedom without being necessary or sufficient by itself to produce it
(E) bases its historical case on a personal point of view
I'd vote for C. The given examples have nothing to do with "democracy does not promote political freedom". Just because there has been a case where democracy resulted in oppressive society, that doesn't mean that democracy is not promoting political freedom.
D is really close, but "possibility" makes it too vague for me.
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D looks best in this case.
Democracy promotes political freedom, it might not have to do anything with producing political freedom.
A is incorrect as the second example shows democracy is not necessary for political freedom.
C is incorrect, the examples given are not relevant and pretty much in-line with argument. They might be stray examples but still they are relevant.
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D sounds best...d basically says that democratic principles strenghten poitical freedom
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This argument crearly has causal fallacy. there can be other causes for those oppressed socities for being oppressed besides political freedom.
C points out that fallacy.
so C is the right choice.
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Re: CR - Democracy [#permalink]
15 Nov 2005, 06:18
rahulraao wrote: Political scientist: As a political system, democracy does not promote political freedom. There are historical examples of democracies that ultimately resulted in some of the most oppressive societies. Likewise, there have been enlightened despotisms and oligarchies that have provided a remarkable level of political freedom to their subjects.
The reasoning in the political scientist’s argument is flawed because it
(C) appeals to historical examples that are irrelevant to the causal claim being made
The bold part clearly indicates that the scientist bases his conclusion mostly on some historical examples.
"Likewise......subjects" should not be counted as an elaborating reason for the conclusion coz whether or not other political parties provide political freedom do not justify the failure of democracy.
I agree with Nakib that this CR test casual fallacy ..C pinpointed that flaw of the argument. C it is.
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rahulraao what is the OA for this one?
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1 more D
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Can we get an OA for this one before it gets lost in the abyss?
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Good discussion! Sorry for the dealy guys! OA is indeed D!!
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