guerrero25 wrote:
Glaciers that are seated in deep submarine basins are vulnerable to small changes in ocean temperature, such as those that occurred over the 20th century, have been rapidly retreating in the last decades.
(A)basins are vulnerable to small changes in ocean temperature, such as those that occurred over the 20th century, have been rapidly retreating
(B)basins are vulnerable to small changes in ocean temperature, such as those that occurred over the 20th century, have been rapidly retreated
(C)basins are vulnerable to small changes in ocean temperature, such as those that occurred over the 20th century, and are rapidly retreating
(D)basins, vulnerable to small changes in ocean temperature, occurred over the 20th century and have been rapidly retreating
(E)basins are vulnerable to small changes in ocean temperature, such as those that occurred over the 20th century, and have been rapidly retreating
OA to follow
IMO E.
IN THE GIVEN SENTENCE THE PART " such as those that occurred over the 20th century"==>this is a modifier.hence we can remove this.
sentence becomes:
Glaciers that are seated in deep submarine basins
are vulnerable to small changes in ocean temperature
have been rapidly retreating [/u]in the last decades.==> the error in this sentence is that two verbs are there and one subject
subject: glaciers....verbs: are vulnerable...and have been......=>whenever two verbs are there and both verbs belongs to same single subject then we have to connect those two verbs using a conjunction depending on the meaning of sentence.
more over in the last part of non underlined section we have: IN THE LAST DECADE===> THIS is a marker for present perfect tense...so use of HAVE (AS THE SUBJECT IS PLURAL).
NOW basing this two error (conjunction is required and use of have is required)we can eliminate A,B,AND C.
now left with D and E
(D)basins, vulnerable to small changes in ocean temperature, occurred over the 20th century and have been rapidly retreating==> HERE WE DONT HAVE THE VERB IN MAIN CLAUSE... and here.OCCURED ==> ACTING AS PAST PARTICIPLE.HENCE THIS ONE IS A FRAGMENT.
(E)basins are vulnerable to small changes in ocean temperature, such as those that occurred over the 20th century, and have been rapidly retreating(CORRECT)
KUDOS if it helped.