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Re: According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
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Skientist wrote:
According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75% like bananas and at least 80% like cherries. What is the minimum percentage of people who like all three?

A. 15%
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 0%
E. 35%

I'm really interested in a detailed explaination of how to approach this problem.

Thanks

Skientist



Let's consider 100 people and drop using %.
Since we are looking for the minimum overlap, let's consider the case with exactly 70, 75 and 85. If the numbers are bigger, then the overlap between the three sets increases.
Since 70 + 75 = 145 >100, at least 45 people like both A(pple) and B(anana). Again, we take the minimum overlap.
It means that there are 70 - 45 = 25 who like A and not B, and 75 - 45 = 30 who like B and not A.
If all these people like C(herries), then 80 - (25 + 30) = 25, who are in neither of the above two categories, they must like all (A, B, and C).
Those who like C, necessarily must be among those who like either A or B, because 70 + 75 - 45 = 100, are all the people.

Answer 25 - should be C and not B.
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Re: According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
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Skientist wrote:
According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75% like bananas and at least 80% like cherries. What is the minimum percentage of people who like all three?

A. 15%
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 0%
E. 35%

To find the minimal intersection of the people who like apples and the people who like bananas, we need a number x such that 70+(75-x)=100. x=45. The group of people who like both apples and bananas and the group of people who like cherries must intersect because 45+80 > 100. So we need a number y such that 45+(80-y)=100. y=25. Answer is C.
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Re: According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
I got the right answer but not sure why it worked. I added up 80%+75%+70% = 225%. Thought of this in my head as a three level venn diagram, with 100% being the maximum. 225 is 125 above the maximum, so going to the first intersect level is 125, which is still above the maximum of 100, so going to the second and final intersect level is 25, which was my answer, and I have no idea if this was just luck.
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Re: According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
Bunuel wrote:
Skientist wrote:
According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75% like bananas and at least 80% like cherries. What is the minimum percentage of people who like all three?

A. 15%
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 0%
E. 35%

I'm really interested in a detailed explaination of how to approach this problem.

Thanks

Skientist


First of all, let's simplify the question: say there are 100 people. So, we have that at least 70 people like apples, at least 75 like bananas and at least 80 like cherries. Since we want to minimize the group which likes all three, then let's minimize the groups which like each fruit:

80 people like cherries;
75 people like bananas;
70 people like apples.

-----(-----------)---- 80 people like cherries and 20 don't (each red dash represents 5 people who like cherries);
-----(-----------)---- 75 people like bananas and 25 don't (each blue dash represents 5 people who like bananas).

So, we can see that minimum 55 people like both cherries and bananas (11 dashes).

To have minimum overlap of 3, let 20 people who don't like cherries and 25 who don't like bananas to like apples. So, we distributed 20+25=45 people who like apples and 70-45=25 people still left to distribute. The only 25 people who can like apples are those who like both cherries and bananas. Consider the diagram below:

-----(-----)---------- 80 people like cherries and 20 don't (each red dash represents 5 people who like cherries);
-----(-----)---------- 75 people like bananas and 25 don't (each blue dash represents 5 people who like bananas);
-----(-----)---------- 70 people like apples and 30 don't (each green dash represents 5 people who like apples).

Therefore the minimum number of people who like all three is 25.

Answer: C (OA is not correct).


Hi Bunuel,

Can the explanation be given with a diagram.. I m still confused :(
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Re: According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
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avinashrao9 wrote:
Bunuel wrote:
Skientist wrote:
According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75% like bananas and at least 80% like cherries. What is the minimum percentage of people who like all three?

A. 15%
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 0%
E. 35%

I'm really interested in a detailed explaination of how to approach this problem.

Thanks

Skientist


First of all, let's simplify the question: say there are 100 people. So, we have that at least 70 people like apples, at least 75 like bananas and at least 80 like cherries. Since we want to minimize the group which likes all three, then let's minimize the groups which like each fruit:

80 people like cherries;
75 people like bananas;
70 people like apples.

-----(-----------)---- 80 people like cherries and 20 don't (each red dash represents 5 people who like cherries);
-----(-----------)---- 75 people like bananas and 25 don't (each blue dash represents 5 people who like bananas).

So, we can see that minimum 55 people like both cherries and bananas (11 dashes).

To have minimum overlap of 3, let 20 people who don't like cherries and 25 who don't like bananas to like apples. So, we distributed 20+25=45 people who like apples and 70-45=25 people still left to distribute. The only 25 people who can like apples are those who like both cherries and bananas. Consider the diagram below:

-----(-----)---------- 80 people like cherries and 20 don't (each red dash represents 5 people who like cherries);
-----(-----)---------- 75 people like bananas and 25 don't (each blue dash represents 5 people who like bananas);
-----(-----)---------- 70 people like apples and 30 don't (each green dash represents 5 people who like apples).

Therefore the minimum number of people who like all three is 25.

Answer: C (OA is not correct).


Hi Bunuel,

Can the explanation be given with a diagram.. I m still confused :(


It's a hard question (62% of the users got it wrong!), so I can understand that. We have a similar question on the site to which Karishma gave a venn diagram solution: in-a-village-of-100-households-75-have-at-least-one-dvd-98257.html#p825632

Hope it helps.
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Re: According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
Expert Reply
EvaJager wrote:
Skientist wrote:
According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75% like bananas and at least 80% like cherries. What is the minimum percentage of people who like all three?

A. 15%
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 0%
E. 35%

I'm really interested in a detailed explaination of how to approach this problem.

Thanks

Skientist


It seems to me the answer is D.

Here's how:

1. Let us keep the number as 70, 75 and 80 to minimize the likes.
2. Number of people who like apples is formed by the people who like A only, who like both A and B only , who like both A and C only and who like A, B and C. This is what is equal to 70. i.e., A + AB+AC+ABC =70
3. Similarly B +AB+BC+ABC= 75 and C+AC+BC+ABC=80
4. Summing all the three we have A+B+C+2AB+2BC+2AC+3ABC=225
5. If A=0, B=5, C=10, AB=BC=CA=35, ABC can be 0.

That is the minimum number of people who like all the 3 can be 0.
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Re: According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
Expert Reply
SravnaTestPrep wrote:
EvaJager wrote:
Skientist wrote:
According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75% like bananas and at least 80% like cherries. What is the minimum percentage of people who like all three?

A. 15%
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 0%
E. 35%

I'm really interested in a detailed explaination of how to approach this problem.

Thanks

Skientist


It seems to me the answer is D.

Here's how:

1. Let us keep the number as 70, 75 and 80 to minimize the likes.
2. Number of people who like apples is formed by the people who like A only, who like both A and B only , who like both A and C only and who like A, B and C. This is what is equal to 70. i.e., A + AB+AC+ABC =70
3. Similarly B +AB+BC+ABC= 75 and C+AC+BC+ABC=80
4. Summing all the three we have A+B+C+2AB+2BC+2AC+3ABC=225
5. If A=0, B=5, C=10, AB=BC=CA=35, ABC can be 0.

That is the minimum number of people who like all the 3 can be 0.


The correct answer is C, not D.

In your case total = 3*35+10+5 = 120%.
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Re: According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
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Quote:
The correct answer is C, not D.

In your case total = 3*35+10+5 = 120%.


OOPS! sorry about the oversight. There is actually a straightforward solution based on the line of reasoning in my previous post.

1. we have A+B+C+AB+BC+CA+ABC=100 - (1)
2. We also have A+B+C+2AB+2BC+2CA+3ABC= 225 - (2)

Just plug in the values:

ABC = 0
we have from (1) and (2) the impossibility AB+BC+CA=125 i.e., >100

for ABC=20
we have the impossibility AB+BC+CA +ABC=105 i.e., >100

similarly for ABC=15

Only for ABC=25 we have AB+BC+CA+ABC=100.
It is easy to figure out the values and verify.

Though for ABC=35, there is nothing contradictory, 25 is smaller and hence the solution.
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Re: According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
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Here's another quick way to arrive at the solution:

1. A+B+C+AB+BC+CA+ABC=100 --- (1)
2. A+B+C+2AB+2BC+2CA+3ABC = 225 --- (2)

(2)- (1) -> AB+BC+CA+2ABC = 125 --- (3)

(3) - (1) -> ABC-A-B-C = 25 ---(4)

As A, B and C are >=0, the minimum value of ABC is 25.

Therefore the number of people who like all the three is 25%.
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Re: According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
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30% don't like apples +
25% don't like bananas +
20% don't like cherries =
75%=maximum % of people who don't like at least one fruit
100%-75%=25%=minimum % of people who like all three fruits
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Re: According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
apples 70% like 30% dislike
bananas 75% like 25% dislike
cherries 80% like 20% dislike

We want the minimum of people who like for all this fruits.

Imagine that all the people who dislike bananas like apple : 70-25 = 45
idem for cherries, 45 - 20 = 25, answer choice C
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Re: According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
Expert Reply
Hi All,

We're told that according to a survey, AT LEAST 70% of people like apples, AT LEAST 75% like bananas and AT LEAST 80% like cherries. We're asked for the MINIMUM percentage of people who like ALL THREE. For this type of question, you can draw pictures and/or do math. Your goal is to find a way to make the MINIMUM number occur... Here's how you can TEST VALUES.

If there are 100 people, then we have
70 who like apples
75 who like bananas
80 who like cherries

Clearly, some people have been counted in more than 1 category. Here's how to figure out the minimum number who like all 3....

There are 80 who like cherries; that means there are 20 who DON'T.
Of the 75 who like bananas, we can say that 20 DON'T like cherries (this helps to minimize the number who like cherries AND bananas).
Now we have:
55 who like cherries AND bananas
25 who like just cherries
20 who like just bananas

Next, we factor in the apples. Of those 70 people, we can spread them around and maximize the number who like apples AND cherries OR apples and bananas, BUT NOT ALL 3.
So, let's split the 70 into:
25 who like apples and cherries
20 who like apples and bananas

That leave's 25 who MUST like cherries, bananas AND apples. 25/100 = 25%

Final Answer:

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Re: According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
Attachment:
graph-paper-graph-paper-template-graph-paper-a4-graph-paper-printable-Favim.com-4736346.jpeg
graph-paper-graph-paper-template-graph-paper-a4-graph-paper-printable-Favim.com-4736346.jpeg [ 107.02 KiB | Viewed 30231 times ]


I was able to solve this pretty much instantly by just picturing this is my head. The green representing apples, yellow for bananas, and red for cherries. The minimum overlap of the 3 is solid.
Attachments

solution.jpeg
solution.jpeg [ 107.02 KiB | Viewed 30176 times ]

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Re: According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
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percentage of person who dislike apple= 100-70=30
percentage of person who dislike banana= 100-75=25
percentage of person who dislike cherry= 100-80 = 20
Minimum percentage of person who like all three= 100-(30+25+20)=25
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According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
Bunuel wrote:
Skientist wrote:
According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75% like bananas and at least 80% like cherries. What is the minimum percentage of people who like all three?

A. 15%
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 0%
E. 35%

I'm really interested in a detailed explaination of how to approach this problem.

Thanks

Skientist





First of all, let's simplify the question: say there are 100 people. So, we have that at least 70 people like apples, at least 75 like bananas and at least 80 like cherries. Since we want to minimize the group which likes all three, then let's minimize the groups which like each fruit:

80 people like cherries;
75 people like bananas;
70 people like apples.

-----(-----------)---- 80 people like cherries and 20 don't (each red dash represents 5 people who like cherries);
-----(-----------)---- 75 people like bananas and 25 don't (each blue dash represents 5 people who like bananas).

So, we can see that minimum 55 people like both cherries and bananas (11 dashes).

To have minimum overlap of 3, let 20 people who don't like cherries and 25 who don't like bananas to like apples. So, we distributed 20+25=45 people who like apples and 70-45=25 people still left to distribute. The only 25 people who can like apples are those who like both cherries and bananas. Consider the diagram below:

-----(-----)---------- 80 people like cherries and 20 don't (each red dash represents 5 people who like cherries);
-----(-----)---------- 75 people like bananas and 25 don't (each blue dash represents 5 people who like bananas);
-----(-----)---------- 70 people like apples and 30 don't (each green dash represents 5 people who like apples).

Therefore the minimum number of people who like all three is 25.

Answer: C (OA is not correct).


Chethan2u, Bunuel

hello if the question had asked for max value , it would have been 55
Can someone confirm if my answer is correct .
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Re: According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
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Skientist wrote:
According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75% like bananas and at least 80% like cherries. What is the minimum percentage of people who like all three?

A. 15%
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 30%
E. 35%


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Re: According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
Here’s how I solved.
Everything is in percentage, so we can take direct percentage values.
1) the least people who like apples: 70% , hence people who dislike apples are at the most = 30%
2) the least people who like bananas: 75% , hence people who dislike bananas are at the most = 25%
3) the least people who like cherries: 80% , hence people who dislike cherries are at the most =20%

The minimum people who dislikes everything = total- (maximum number of people who dislikes all three)
= 100-(20%+25%+30%) = 25%

Posted from my mobile device
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Re: According to a survey, at least 70% of people like apples, at least 75 [#permalink]
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