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Probability & Cominatorics Test #10

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Probability & Cominatorics Test #10 [#permalink] New post 06 Aug 2009, 10:38
What is the probability that one of the two integers randomly selected from range 20-29 is prime and the other is a multiple of 3?

(The numbers are selected independently of each other, i.e. they can be equal)

(C) 2008 GMAT Club - Probability and Combinations#10

* 0.06
* 0.12
* 0.15
* 0.18
* 0.20

[Reveal] Spoiler:
Prime integers: 23 and 29. Multiples of 3: 21, 24, and 27.

The probability that the first number is prime while the second is a multiple of 3 = \frac{2}{10} \frac{3}{10} = 0.06 .

The probability that the first number is a multiple of 3 while the second is prime = \frac{3}{10} \frac{2}{10} = 0.06 .

The probability that one of the two integers is prime and the other is a multiple of 3 = 0.06 + 0.06 = 0.12 .
The correct answer is B.


Why are they added together and not multiplied together?
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Re: Probability & Cominatorics Test #10 [#permalink] New post 06 Aug 2009, 13:27
I am little skepticle about the question. The question is silent about the order of outcome i.e. an outcome of (21 and 23) and (23 and 21). IMO, an outcome of (21 and 23) is the same as (23 and 21) because the order here does not matter.

Total numbers = 20, 21, 22, 23, 24,25, 26, 27, 28, & 29. 10 numbers
2 out of 10 = 10c2 +10 = 55

primes = 23 and 29
multiple of 3 = 21, 24, and 27

Getting a prime and a multiple of 3 = 2x3 = 6
The prob = 6/55 = 11%


bipolarbear wrote:
What is the probability that one of the two integers randomly selected from range 20-29 is prime and the other is a multiple of 3?

(The numbers are selected independently of each other, i.e. they can be equal)

(C) 2008 GMAT Club - Probability and Combinations#10

* 0.06
* 0.12
* 0.15
* 0.18
* 0.20

[Reveal] Spoiler:
Prime integers: 23 and 29. Multiples of 3: 21, 24, and 27.

The probability that the first number is prime while the second is a multiple of 3 = \frac{2}{10} \frac{3}{10} = 0.06.

The probability that the first number is a multiple of 3 while the second is prime = \frac{3}{10} \frac{2}{10} = 0.06.

The probability that one of the two integers is prime and the other is a multiple of 3 = 0.06 + 0.06 = 0.12.
The correct answer is B.


Why are they added together and not multiplied together?

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Re: Probability & Cominatorics Test #10 [#permalink] New post 06 Aug 2009, 14:56
possible primes - 23, 29 = 2
multiples of 3 - 21, 24, 27 = 3
total numbers = 10

possibility of getting prime and then multiple of 3 2/10 * 3/10 = 6/100

the possibility of getting multiple of 3 and then prim 3/10 * 2/10= 6/100

Answer 12/100

The best way to think about why you don't multiply it is because it will decrease the probability to 3.6/100, but we already know that the answer (6/100) is too specific! Order here does not matter and 6/100 gives the probability of a specific order.

Hope this helps
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Re: Probability & Cominatorics Test #10 [#permalink] New post 06 Aug 2009, 16:28
Ah i see...

GMATTiger, there are only 50 possibilities since its 10x10 / 2! since the order doesn't matter. Hence 6/50 = 12. Thanks guys.
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Re: Probability & Cominatorics Test #10 [#permalink] New post 10 Aug 2009, 23:03
bipolarbear wrote:
What is the probability that one of the two integers randomly selected from range 20-29 is prime and the other is a multiple of 3? (The numbers are selected independently of each other, i.e. they can be equal)

(C) 2008 GMAT Club - Probability and Combinations#10

* 0.06
* 0.12
* 0.15
* 0.18
* 0.20

[Reveal] Spoiler:
Prime integers: 23 and 29. Multiples of 3: 21, 24, and 27.

The probability that the first number is prime while the second is a multiple of 3 = \frac{2}{10} \frac{3}{10} = 0.06 .

The probability that the first number is a multiple of 3 while the second is prime = \frac{3}{10} \frac{2}{10} = 0.06 .

The probability that one of the two integers is prime and the other is a multiple of 3 = 0.06 + 0.06 = 0.12 .
The correct answer is B.


Why are they added together and not multiplied together?



SN COMB.
1 21&23 A prime & a multiple of 3
2 21&29
3 23&24
4 23&27
5 24&29
6 27&29

Total = 6


SN COMB.
1 20&20 Combination of integer numbers from 20 - 29 including
2 20&21
3 20&22
4 20&23
5 20&24
6 20&25
7 20&26
8 20&27
9 20&28
10 20&29
11 21&21
12 21&22
13 21&23
14 21&24
15 21&25
16 21&26
17 21&27
18 21&28
19 21&29
20 22&22
21 22&23
22 22&24
23 22&25
24 22&26
25 22&27
26 22&28
27 22&29
28 23&23
29 23&24
30 23&25
31 23&26
32 23&27
33 23&28
34 23&29
35 24&24
36 24&25
37 24&26
38 24&27
39 24&28
40 24&29
41 25&25
42 25&26
43 25&27
44 25&28
45 25&29
46 26&26
47 26&27
48 26&28
49 26&29
50 27&27
51 27&28
52 27&29
53 28&28
54 28&29
55 29&29

Total = 55

Prob = 6/55 = 11%
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Re: Probability & Cominatorics Test #10 [#permalink] New post 11 Aug 2009, 16:48
:shock:
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Re: Probability & Cominatorics Test #10 [#permalink] New post 12 Aug 2009, 01:17
bipolarbear wrote:
:shock:


:lol:
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Re: Probability & Cominatorics Test #10   [#permalink] 12 Aug 2009, 01:17
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