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Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane [#permalink]
Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, –2 ). Is the largest angle formed at the
intersection between these two lines greater than 90°?

(1) Lines k and l have positive y-axis intercepts.
(2) The distance between the y-axis intercepts of lines k and l is 5.
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Re: Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane [#permalink]
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Dear daviesj

See my complete solution to this problem in a pdf posted here:
problem-solving-143366.html

Let me know if you have any further questions.

Mike :-)
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Re: Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane [#permalink]
thanks Mike...:)... bad that no option to give kudos via mobile.

Posted from my mobile device
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Re: Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, [#permalink]
Nice explaination Karishma, Thanks
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Re: Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, [#permalink]
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Responding to a pm:

In statement 2, I am trying to figure out whether two perpendicular lines meeting at (3, -2) can have a distance of 5 between their points of y intercepts. I draw the perpendicular lines in various ways. I find that the distance between the points of y intercepts is quite large. Look at the dotted black lines. The horizontal line segment has the shortest length possible. The distance between the y intercepts is infinite (since the vertical line does not intersect the y axis) When you turn this pair towards the purple lines, the lengths of the line segments change. The distance between the y intercepts keeps getting smaller. The vertical line keeps getting shorter and the horizontal line keeps getting longer. At the other extreme is the pair of green lines. The black vertical line has become quite short (its now the green upper line) while the black horizontal line has become very long (its now the green lower line).
What can you deduce about the minimum distance between the y intercepts? It must happen when both the line segments are of equal length (as shown in the second diagram). That is why we are considering the isosceles triangle. We find that this minimum distance between the points of y intercept must be 6. If that is the case, the distance between the points of y intercept cannot be 5 in case of perpendicular lines. Therefore, the lines must not be perpendicular.

As for your point: "moreover cant we infer by observation that the only possible slopes as per statement two are - ive and in no case be positive"

Why should this be the case? Slope can be positive if the y intercept is negative.
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Re: Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, [#permalink]
VeritasPrepKarishma wrote:
Responding to a pm:

In statement 2, I am trying to figure out whether two perpendicular lines meeting at (3, -2) can have a distance of 5 between their points of y intercepts. I draw the perpendicular lines in various ways. I find that the distance between the points of y intercepts is quite large. Look at the dotted black lines. The horizontal line segment has the shortest length possible. The distance between the y intercepts is infinite (since the vertical line does not intersect the y axis) When you turn this pair towards the purple lines, the lengths of the line segments change. The distance between the y intercepts keeps getting smaller. The vertical line keeps getting shorter and the horizontal line keeps getting longer. At the other extreme is the pair of green lines. The black vertical line has become quite short (its now the green upper line) while the black horizontal line has become very long (its now the green lower line).
What can you deduce about the minimum distance between the y intercepts? It must happen when both the line segments are of equal length (as shown in the second diagram). That is why we are considering the isosceles triangle. We find that this minimum distance between the points of y intercept must be 6. If that is the case, the distance between the points of y intercept cannot be 5 in case of perpendicular lines. Therefore, the lines must not be perpendicular.

As for your point: "moreover cant we infer by observation that the only possible slopes as per statement two are - ive and in no case be positive"

Why should this be the case? Slope can be positive if the y intercept is negative.


Hi Karishma

Thanx for prompt reply
I have got a trailing question
Excerpt from above explanation:-

"What can you deduce about the minimum distance between the y intercepts? It must happen when both the line segments are of equal length (as shown in the second diagram). That is why we are considering the isosceles triangle."

This is what i want to understand that Is it any property of Isosceles triangle that the unequal side must be of a minimum length????
Eg;- two sides are equal to 4 units than third side must be between 1 to 7 units than how can we assume that it will be less than 4 units as per the example presented by me. Is there any special property of Isosceles triangle that i am missing.

What i can understand from your explanation that you are trying to prove that distance 5 units as presented in statement is not possible hence statement 2 itself is insufficient and wrong.
But when we are given a distance than why are you choosing the approach to prove that 5 cannot be the distance..Why cannot we use this distance to prove that the lines are not perpendicular...
Hope I have clearly presented my doubt!!!!

Originally posted by Archit143 on 29 Dec 2012, 02:53.
Last edited by Archit143 on 04 Feb 2013, 18:45, edited 1 time in total.
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Re: Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, [#permalink]
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Archit143 wrote:

Excerpt from above explanation:-

"What can you deduce about the minimum distance between the y intercepts? It must happen when both the line segments are of equal length (as shown in the second diagram). That is why we are considering the isosceles triangle."

This is what i want to understand that Is it any property of Isosceles triangle that the unequal side must be of a minimum length????
Eg;- two sides are equal to 4 units than third side must be between 1 to 7 units than how can we assume that it will be less than 4 units as per the example presented by me. Is there any special property of Isosceles triangle that i am missing.

What i can understand from your explanation that you are trying to prove that distance 5 units as presented in statement is not possible hence statement 2 itself is insufficient and wrong.
But when we are given a distance than why are you choosing the approach to prove that 5 cannot be the distance..Why cannot we use this distance to prove that the lines are not perpendicular...
Hope I have clearly presented my doubt!!!!



I am not using any property of isosceles triangles. I am inferring that the triangle must be isosceles from the diagram. Look at the way things are at the extremes i.e. when k is parallel to y axis and turn the pair of lines till the other extreme i.e. when l is parallel to y axis. You can easily deduce that the intercept will be smallest when line segments are of equal length.

Any yes, I am assuming that the angle is 90 and then trying to find the distance between the points of y intercept. We know how to deal with right triangles. It is easy to find the distance between the y intercept points. Given length 5, its harder to find the angle.

Mike has taken the approach you are looking for in his solution above. He says that since the distance between the intercepts is 5, the angle cannot be 90.
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Re: Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, [#permalink]
Thnx Karishma
I got the solution....
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Re: Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, [#permalink]
supri1234 wrote:
Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, –2 ). Is the largest angle formed at the intersection between these two lines greater than 90°?

(1) Lines k and l have positive y-axis intercepts.
(2) The distance between the y-axis intercepts of lines k and l is 5.


I see where mike and karishma are coming from. However, for me the question is asking two things:

1) Are the lines perpendicular and
2)they are not overlapping lines.
( Now i knw their can be arguments about this but it is possible that both the lines overlap each other)

If that's the case i can't see why A give the answer as both the lines can be over-lapping.However B clearly states that lines are not overlapping and can't be perpendicular. Hence B.

Experts please advise.

Thanks!
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Re: Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, [#permalink]
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supri1234 wrote:
Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, –2 ). Is the largest angle formed at the intersection between these two lines greater than 90°?

(1) Lines k and l have positive y-axis intercepts.
(2) The distance between the y-axis intercepts of lines k and l is 5.



The question is just asking if the two lines are perpendicular.

statement1:- The two lines have postive intercepts ie they intercept above x -axis. As you move the intercept away from the origin the acute angle between the lines will continously increase .this will become maximum if one intercept is at alomst origin and another at infinity.In theis case the acute angle will be TAN inverse(3/2) which is almost 45 so the maximum acute angle possible is 45 .Clearly we cannot get 90 .so this statement is alone enough


statement 2:-Distance between the y-axis intercept of the two lines is 5.

Now lets take a triangle with the distance between the y-axis intercepts of the two triangles as the base .It will only be a right triangle if the t other two sides are 3 and 4 .But the height of this triangle is 3.This cannot be a right triangle .So this alone is sufficient

The answer is D
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Re: Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, [#permalink]
Bluelagoon wrote:
supri1234 wrote:
Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, –2 ). Is the largest angle formed at the intersection between these two lines greater than 90°?

(1) Lines k and l have positive y-axis intercepts.
(2) The distance between the y-axis intercepts of lines k and l is 5.


I see where mike and karishma are coming from. However, for me the question is asking two things:

1) Are the lines perpendicular and
2)they are not overlapping lines.
( Now i knw their can be arguments about this but it is possible that both the lines overlap each other)

If that's the case i can't see why A give the answer as both the lines can be over-lapping.However B clearly states that lines are not overlapping and can't be perpendicular. Hence B.

Experts please advise.

Thanks!



If both lines are over lapping then the maximum angle between the lines is 180 degrees. So the answer is yes.If both lines are not overlapping then the maximum angle is greater than 90 .So the answer is yes. so statement A is sufficient.
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Re: Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, [#permalink]
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Bluelagoon wrote:
supri1234 wrote:
Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, –2 ). Is the largest angle formed at the intersection between these two lines greater than 90°?

(1) Lines k and l have positive y-axis intercepts.
(2) The distance between the y-axis intercepts of lines k and l is 5.


I see where mike and karishma are coming from. However, for me the question is asking two things:

1) Are the lines perpendicular and
2)they are not overlapping lines.
( Now i knw their can be arguments about this but it is possible that both the lines overlap each other)

If that's the case i can't see why A give the answer as both the lines can be over-lapping.However B clearly states that lines are not overlapping and can't be perpendicular. Hence B.

Experts please advise.

Thanks!


You are given that k and l intersect at a point. It means they are not overlapping.
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Re: Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, [#permalink]
Hi experts
I can not prove that yes or no for statement 2
Actually, I solved by tuition not by evidence.
Please help.
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Re: Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, [#permalink]
going by the logic that GMAT answers specially in DS dont contradict with statements
in this case, can I say that since S1 was suff to answer, 100% S2 will be suff - we will have definite yes or no & since they don't contradict it is a def NO?
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Re: Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, [#permalink]
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hatemnag wrote:
Hi experts
I can not prove that yes or no for statement 2
Actually, I solved by tuition not by evidence.
Please help.

paidlukkha wrote:
going by the logic that GMAT answers specially in DS dont contradict with statements
in this case, can I say that since S1 was suff to answer, 100% S2 will be suff - we will have definite yes or no & since they don't contradict it is a def NO?

Dear hatemnag & paidlukkha,
I'm happy to respond. :-)

I don't know whether you saw the solution by the brilliant VeritasPrepKarishma, but I'm happy to talk about this problem as well.

First of all, think about the prompt:
Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, –2). Is the largest angle formed at the intersection between these two lines greater than 90°?

If two lines intersect at, say, 85°, then the other angle, the larger angle between the lines is 95°. The only way the largest angle would not be greater than 90° is if the lines are perpendicular. Essentially, this question is equivalent to "are the two lines not perpendicular?" In a DS sense, that's equivalent to the question "are the two lines perpendicular?" That's the question we are trying to answer.

S1:Lines k and l have positive y-axis intercepts.
Both negative sloped lines, obviously not perpendicular. Sufficient.

S2: The distance between the y-axis intercepts of lines k and l is 5.
The rule for DS is that we have to ignore entirely the information in S1 and evaluate whether this statement by itself, is sufficient

Call the point (3, –2) the point A, and let B & C be, respectively, the upper and lower y-intercept. We know BC has a length of 5. IF BC is way up or way down the y-axis, at +100 or -100, then the angle at A will be acute, much less than 90°. So we know it's possible for the angle to be less than 90°.

How big can we make the angle at A? The biggest would be when the midpoint of BC is as close to A as possible. This would be when the midpoint of BC is at -2, so that B is at (0, 0.5) and C is at (0, -4.5)
Attachment:
triangle ABC in x-y plane.pdf [12.53 KiB]
Downloaded 128 times

The distance from A to the y-axis is, of course 3. If from the midpoint (0, -2) the segment BC went up 3 and down 3, for a total length of six, then we would have a 45-45-90 triangle, giving us a right angle at A. Instead, the segment BC has a length of only 5, so even in this optimal triangle, the angle at A is less than 90°

Thus, the angle at A is never a right angle, and S2 is perpendicular.

Does all this make sense?
Mike :-)
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Re: Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, [#permalink]
mikemcgarry wrote:
supri1234 wrote:
Line k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3,-2).Is the largest angle formed at the intersection between these two lines greater than 90 degree?
(1)Lines k and l have positive y- axis intercepts
(2) The distance between the y-axis intercepts of lines k and l is 5

First of all, if I may make a couple suggestions. This problem, like any PS problem, should be posted in the Math/PS part of the forum, not in the General GMAT Questions and Strategies section. Also, you indicate neither a source nor the OA --- these are very helpful for folks who practice on GC.

I'm happy to solve this. I've attached a full solution with diagrams in the pdf.

OA=

Let me know if there are any questions.

Mike :-)



Hi Mike,

Thanks for this. Needed one clarification though. Regarding the logic of the circle with AB as the diameter, I understand that the angle at (3,-2) cannot be 90 degrees. However, can you please explain how does this answer the question if its is greater than 90.

Thanks
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Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, [#permalink]
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supri1234 wrote:
Lines k and l intersect in the coordinate plane at point (3, –2). Is the largest angle formed at the intersection between these two lines greater than 90°?

(1) Lines k and l have positive y-axis intercepts.
(2) The distance between the y-axis intercepts of lines k and l is 5.


Alternate Solution:

Let the line K have Slope m' and y-intercept c', Similiarly line L be defined by (m'',C'')

As both lines passes through point (3,-2)
We get
-2=3(m')+c'
-2=3(m'')+c''

solving these equations for slope of both lines

-m'=(c'+2)/3
-m''=(c''+2)/3

The question is asking if the lines are perpendicular? hence modifying the question to if m' x m''=-1 ?
hence question becomes
if (c'+2)(c''+2)=-9 ?

Statement 1: As c' and c'' are both positive, c'+2 and c''+2 will be positive, hence the product can never be -9. We can clearly say that the lines are not perpendicular.

Statement 2: |c'-c''|=5

Case 1 : c'-c''=-5
putting value of c'' in the modified question
is (c'+7)(c'+2)=-9 ?
this quadratic has D<0, hence no real roots.

Similarly Case 2: c'-c''=5
putting value of c' in the modified question
is (c''+7)(c''+2)=-9 ?
this quadratic has D<0, hence no real roots.

In both cases, no real values exist, meaning We can clearly say that the lines are not perpendicular.

Ans : D
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