A common disability in test pilots is hearing impairment, a consequenc

"a consequence of" is the correct idiom and it modifies "hearing impairment"

consequence of and result from so A

IMO A..
D and E can be ruled out..
C uses redundant.. consequence and result..
B incorrect..

Thus, A

A - Correct. Consequence of is correct idiom and modifies hearing impairment.
B - Consequence from is wrong idiom
C - reduntant words.
D and E - Wrong modifier.

A consequence is the right usage, as it's absolute phrase here. Cross off D and E
A consequence of is the right idiom. Cross off B and C

A is the answer - 27 secs :D

hi,

as noun phrase modifies the noun before it? is 'consequence of... ' modifies hearing impairment because it is just before the phrase?.please explain me the difference between noun phrase, absolute phrase and noun+noun modifier.

regards,
deepika.

Hello DeepikaV - A noun phrase can definitely modify a noun.

Example: After receiving her first award, Mary, a student at Harvard Business School, wrote a book.

In this case Mary - Is noun

And - a student at Harvard Business School - is a modifier (noun phrase) modifying the noun Mary (Providing more information about Mary)

"D and E are out, ""damaged"" needs a qualifier here. Ears (hearing powers) were damaged, OR jet engines damaged hearing power.

C is out too…just wordy (consequence and resulted from)

A and B

Consequence from / of

consequence is same as result

resulted from
OR
result of something

Pick A "

The correct idiom is "consequence of". Thus A is the correct option

"consequence of" means "as a result of" is the correct idiom.

A common disability in test pilots is hearing impairment, a consequence of (or "as a result of") sitting too close to large jet engines for long periods of time.

Option A is the correct answer.

A) Correct!
B) Wong idiom usage, should be 'a consequence of', wrong usage of 'near to'
C) Wong idiom usage, should be 'a consequence of', consequence and resulted mean the same, hence redundancy error
D) modifies incorrectly, wrong usage of 'near to'
E) modifies incorrectly, they cannot logically refer back to pilots because 'pilots' are not the subject and are in fact in a prepositional phrase

Hi, although your answer is correct, your reason to eliminate E is a bit shaky. Pronouns can very well refer to noun in a prepositional phrase. Their are few OG questions on the same concept.

Will post the link soon.

Thank you = Kudos

Hey Sumit,
I think you are right. Upon reflection, I realised that I confused this with the rule that subjects cannot lie inside a prepositional phrase with the exception of quantifiable prepositional phrases.

A common disability in test pilots is hearing impairment, a consequence of sitting too close to large jet engines for long periods
of time.

Meaning: All the pilots have one common disbility - Hearing Impairment.
Because, of sitting too close to jet engines for a long time

(A) a consequence of sitting too close to large jet engines for long periods of time
Perfect. Conequence modifies the whole clauses before that. And it is structured in a good way. Location + time

(B) a consequence from sitting for long periods of time too near to large jet engines
"Consequence" is used rightly here but structure is time + location. And also time too near is awkward they should have used a comma.

(C) a consequence which resulted from sitting too close to large jet engines for long periods of time
Very wordy. which resulted is used here unnecessary here.

(D) damaged from sitting too near to large jet engines for long periods of time
Impairment is already damaged, how is the damage word modifying it?

(E) damaged because they sat too close to large jet engines for long periods of time
Impairment is already damaged, how is the damage word modifying it?

A) Correct.
b) wrong idiom and sentence is not making logical sense.
c) Consequence which resulted from is redundant
d) Damaged is not referring to anything, does not make any sense
e) Same as D

A common disability in test pilots is hearing impairment, a consequence of sitting too close to large jet engines for long periods of time.

A consequence of sitting too close to large jet engines for long periods of time - absolute phrase which explains the independent clause that precedes it. the role of this absolute phrase is to provide more information of the preceding phrase. Absolute phrases don't need a conjunction to connect itself to the IC.

(A) a consequence of sitting too close to large jet engines for long periods of time - The absolute phrase is appropriately explains the cause of the hearing impairment. This also correctly uses the idiom "consequence of."

(B) a consequence from sitting for long periods of time too near to large jet engines - the idiom is "consequence of" not "consequence from"
(C) a consequence which resulted from sitting too close to large jet engines for long periods of time - consequence means as a result. so consequence which resulted is redundant. and the idiom is "consequence of" not " consequence which resulted"
(D) damaged from sitting too near to large jet engines for long periods of time - "Damaged" illogically modifies "hearing impairment."
(E) damaged because they sat too close to large jet engines for long periods of time - "Damaged" illogically modifies "hearing impairment."

Dear Friends,

Here is a detailed explanation to this question-

Meaning is crucial to solving this problem:
Understanding the intended meaning is key to solving this question; the intended meaning of the crucial part of this sentence is that the pilots' hearing impairment is due to sitting too close to large jet engines for long periods of time.

Concepts tested here: Meaning + Modifiers + Tenses + Idioms + Awkwardness/Redundancy

• In a “noun + comma + phrase” construction, the phrase must correctly modify the noun; this is one of the most frequently tested concepts on GMAT sentence correction.
• Information that is permanent in nature is best conveyed through the simple present tense.

A: Correct.
1/ The sentence formed by this answer choice correctly modifies "hearing impairment" with "a consequence of", conveying the intended meaning - that the pilots' hearing is damaged by sitting too close to large jet engines for long periods of time.
2/ Option A avoids the tense error seen in Option C, as it uses no verbs.
3/ Option A correctly uses the idiomatic construction "consequence of".
4/ Option A is free of any awkwardness or redundancy.

B:
1/ This answer choice incorrectly uses the unidiomatic construction "consequence from"; remember, the idiomatic construction is "consequence of".

C:
1/ This answer choice incorrectly uses the simple past tense verb "resulted" to refer to information that is permanent in nature; remember, information that is permanent in nature is best conveyed through the simple present tense.
2/ Option C redundantly uses the verb "resulted" alongside the noun "consequence", rendering it needlessly wordy; this usage is redundant, as both words convey the same meaning - that of cause and effect.

D:
1/ The sentence formed by this answer choice incorrectly modifies "hearing impairment" with "damaged", illogically implying that the pilots' hearing impairment is damaged by sitting too close to large jet engines for long periods of time; the intended meaning is that the pilots' hearing is damaged by sitting too close to large jet engines for long periods of time; remember, in a “noun + comma + phrase” construction, the phrase must correctly modify the noun.

E:
1/ The sentence formed by this answer choice incorrectly modifies "hearing impairment" with "damaged from", illogically implying that the pilots' hearing impairment is damaged by sitting too close to large jet engines for long periods of time; the intended meaning is that the pilots' hearing is damaged by sitting too close to large jet engines for long periods of time; remember, in a “noun + comma + phrase” construction, the phrase must correctly modify the noun.

Hence, A is the best answer choice.

To understand the concept of "Phrase Comma Subject" and "Subject Comma Phrase" on GMAT, you may want to watch the following video (~2 minutes):



To understand the concept of "Simple Tenses" on GMAT, you may want to watch the following video (~2 minutes):



All the best!
Experts' Global Team