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Set R contains five numbers that have an average value of 55 [#permalink]
 02 Oct 2010, 12:23
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Set R contains five numbers that have an average value of 55. If the median of the set is equal to the mean, and the largest number in the set is equal to 20 more than three times the smallest number, what is the largest possible range for the numbers in the set? A. 78 B. 77 1/5 C. 66 1/7 D. 55 1/7 E. 52
Last edited by Bunuel on 10 Jun 2012, 01:25, edited 1 time in total.
Edited the question and added the OA
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Re: Largest possible range in Set R [#permalink]
02 Oct 2010, 12:42
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Orange08 wrote: Set R contains five numbers that have an average value of 55. If the median of the set is equal to the mean, and the largest number in the set is equal to 20 more than three times the smallest number, what is the largest possible range for the numbers in the set?
78
77 1/5
66 1/7
55 1/7
52 { a_1, a_2, a_3, a_4, a_5} As mean of 5 numbers is 55 then the sum of these numbers is 5*55=275; The median of the set is equal to the mean --> mean=median=a_3=55; The largest number in the set is equal to 20 more than three times the smallest number --> a_5=3a_1+20. So our set is { a_1, a_2, 55, a_4, 3a_1+20} and a_1+a_2+55+a_4+3a_1+20=275. The range of a set is the difference between the largest and smallest elements of a set.Range=a_5-a_1=3a_1+20-a_1=2a_1+20 --> so to maximize the range we should maximize the value of a_1 and to maximize a_1 we should minimize all other terms so a_2 and a_4. Min possible value of a_2 is a_1 and min possible value of a_4 is median=a_3=55 --> set becomes: { a_1, a_1, 55, 55, 3a_1+20} --> a_1+a_1+55+55+3a_1+20=275 --> a_1=29 --> Range=2a_1+20=78Answer: A.
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Re: Largest possible range in Set R [#permalink]
03 Oct 2010, 13:21
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I took the set to be m, m, 55, 55, 3m+20. (second value has to be minimum possible - m, and fourth value has to be minimum possible - 55). now average is 55 so 55 = (6m + 130)/5 which gives m = 29, and 3m+20=107 so range is largest - smallest = 107-29 = 78
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Set R contains five numbers that have an average value of 55. If the median of the set is equal to the mean, and the largest number in the set is equal to 20 more than three times the smallest number, what is the largest possible range for the numbers in the set? a) 78 b) 77 1/5 c) 66 1/7 d) 55 1/7 e) 52 How to solve it in 2 mins? 
Last edited by kannn on 07 Mar 2011, 08:48, edited 1 time in total.
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Re: Largest possible range in Set R [#permalink]
07 Mar 2011, 20:20
Let smallest # = x, Largest = 3x + 20 So range = 2x + 20 x, x, 55, 55, 3x+20, For Max range lowest should be as low as possible and highest should be as high as possible also, the 2nd value has to be minimized, so it is x, the fourth value also ahs to be kept at minimum, so it is 55 3x + 20 + 110 + 2x = 275 => 5x = 275 - 130 = 145 => x = 29 , so range = 29*2 + 20 = 78 So answer is A.
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Re: Largest possible range in Set R [#permalink]
07 Mar 2011, 21:06
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Backsolving : Range = 2a + 20 where a = first number.
Hence the answer is even and highest options. It should be A.
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Re: Largest possible range in Set R [#permalink]
08 Mar 2011, 15:51
gmat1220 wrote: Backsolving : Range = 2a + 20 where a = first number.
Hence the answer is even and highest options. It should be A. That's an awesome application of number properties to solve this question is seconds. Kudos
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Re: Largest possible range in Set R [#permalink]
08 Mar 2011, 16:06
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Re: Largest possible range in Set R [#permalink]
08 Mar 2011, 16:19
Bunuel wrote: Yalephd wrote: gmat1220 wrote: Backsolving : Range = 2a + 20 where a = first number.
Hence the answer is even and highest options. It should be A. That's an awesome application of number properties to solve this question is seconds. Kudos That's not correct. Yes, the range equals to 2a+20 but without any further calculation we can not say whether it must be even, for example if a is not an integer then 2a+20 can be odd or not an integer at all. Also the answer is not necessarily the highest option, it just happened to be so in this particular case. Thanks. Assuming that A is an integer is where I erred.
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Re: Largest possible range in Set R [#permalink]
08 Mar 2011, 17:54
I was back solving - to confirm the answer. x^2 = 4 Implies x is not necessarily 2. It can be -2 
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Re: Largest possible range in Set R [#permalink]
01 May 2011, 23:15
max range will be when 55*3 = 165 will give 110 as range.But the value isn't present. Hence go for two small numbers , 55*2 and largest number combination. thus 2x+110 + 3x+20 = 275 will give, x= 29 and 3x+20 = 97. Range = 78.
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Re: Largest possible range in Set R [#permalink]
01 May 2011, 23:16
max range will be when 55*3 = 165 will give 110 as range.But the value isn't present. Hence go for two small numbers , 55*2 and largest number combination. thus 2x+110 + 3x+20 = 275 will give, x= 29 and 3x+20 = 97. Range = 78.
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Re: Largest possible range in Set R [#permalink]
18 Nov 2011, 04:18
Bunuel wrote: Orange08 wrote: Set R contains five numbers that have an average value of 55. If the median of the set is equal to the mean, and the largest number in the set is equal to 20 more than three times the smallest number, what is the largest possible range for the numbers in the set?
78
77 1/5
66 1/7
55 1/7
52 { a_1, a_2, a_3, a_4, a_5} As mean of 5 numbers is 55 then the sum of these numbers is 5*55=275; The median of the set is equal to the mean --> mean=median=a_3=55; The largest number in the set is equal to 20 more than three times the smallest number --> a_5=3a_1+20. So our set is { a_1, a_2, 55, a_4, 3a_1+20} and a_1+a_2+55+a_4+3a_1+20=275. The range of a set is the difference between the largest and smallest elements of a set.Range=a_5-a_1=3a_1+20-a_1=2a_1+20 --> so to maximize the range we should maximize the value of a_1 and to maximize a_1 we should minimize all other terms so a_2 and a_4. Min possible value of a_2 is a_1 and min possible value of a_4 is median=a_3=55 --> set becomes: { a_1, a_1, 55, 55, 3a_1+20} --> a_1+a_1+55+55+3a_1+20=275 --> a_1=29 --> Range=2a_1+20=78Answer: A. my approach was like yours, but it took me 6 min!!!  
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Re: Largest possible range in Set R [#permalink]
05 Jan 2012, 02:30
Yup. Same approach. But it took me 5.5 minutes. A is the answer.
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Set R contains five numbers that have an average value of 55. If the median of the set is equal to the mean, and the largest number in the set is equal to 20 more than three times the smallest number, what is the largest possible range for the numbers in the set? A. 78 B. 77 1/5 C. 66 1/7 D. 55 1/7 E. 52 any shortcut method
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Re: Largest possible range in Set R [#permalink]
01 Nov 2012, 08:01
Bunuel wrote: Orange08 wrote: Set R contains five numbers that have an average value of 55. If the median of the set is equal to the mean, and the largest number in the set is equal to 20 more than three times the smallest number, what is the largest possible range for the numbers in the set?
78
77 1/5
66 1/7
55 1/7
52 { a_1, a_2, a_3, a_4, a_5} As mean of 5 numbers is 55 then the sum of these numbers is 5*55=275; The median of the set is equal to the mean --> mean=median=a_3=55; The largest number in the set is equal to 20 more than three times the smallest number --> a_5=3a_1+20. So our set is { a_1, a_2, 55, a_4, 3a_1+20} and a_1+a_2+55+a_4+3a_1+20=275. The range of a set is the difference between the largest and smallest elements of a set.Range=a_5-a_1=3a_1+20-a_1=2a_1+20 --> so to maximize the range we should maximize the value of a_1 and to maximize a_1 we should minimize all other terms so a_2 and a_4. Min possible value of a_2 is a_1 and min possible value of a_4 is median=a_3=55 --> set becomes: { a_1, a_1, 55, 55, 3a_1+20} --> a_1+a_1+55+55+3a_1+20=275 --> a_1=29 --> Range=2a_1+20=78Answer: A. Bunuel sir.. few questions that cums in my mnd like ..y did bunuel take A1 is equal to A2..and y didnt he take a2=55 instead of A4=55? i got lots of questions like this and i cant give ans correctly.. Thank u in advance bunuel..
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Re: Largest possible range in Set R [#permalink]
02 Nov 2012, 05:17
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sanjoo wrote: Bunuel wrote: Orange08 wrote: Set R contains five numbers that have an average value of 55. If the median of the set is equal to the mean, and the largest number in the set is equal to 20 more than three times the smallest number, what is the largest possible range for the numbers in the set?
78
77 1/5
66 1/7
55 1/7
52 { a_1, a_2, a_3, a_4, a_5} As mean of 5 numbers is 55 then the sum of these numbers is 5*55=275; The median of the set is equal to the mean --> mean=median=a_3=55; The largest number in the set is equal to 20 more than three times the smallest number --> a_5=3a_1+20. So our set is { a_1, a_2, 55, a_4, 3a_1+20} and a_1+a_2+55+a_4+3a_1+20=275. The range of a set is the difference between the largest and smallest elements of a set.Range=a_5-a_1=3a_1+20-a_1=2a_1+20 --> so to maximize the range we should maximize the value of a_1 and to maximize a_1 we should minimize all other terms so a_2 and a_4. Min possible value of a_2 is a_1 and min possible value of a_4 is median=a_3=55 --> set becomes: { a_1, a_1, 55, 55, 3a_1+20} --> a_1+a_1+55+55+3a_1+20=275 --> a_1=29 --> Range=2a_1+20=78Answer: A. Bunuel sir.. few questions that cums in my mnd like ..y did bunuel take A1 is equal to A2..and y didnt he take a2=55 instead of A4=55? i got lots of questions like this and i cant give ans correctly.. Thank u in advance bunuel.. After some steps we have that our set in ascending order is { a_1, a_2, 55, a_4, 3a_1+20} and Range=2a_1+20. We need to maximize Range=2a_1+20, thus we need to maximize a_1 and to maximize a_1 we should minimize all other terms so a_2 and a_4 (remember the sum of the terms is fixed, so we cannot just make a_1 as large as we want). Now, since the set is in ascending order min possible value of a_2 is a_1 (it cannot be less than the first term) and min possible value of a_4 is median=a_3=55 (it cannot be less than the third term). Similar questions to practice:if-the-average-of-5-positive-integers-is-40-and-the-127038.htmlthe-average-arithmetic-mean-of-the-5-positive-integers-k-107059.htmla-certain-city-with-population-of-132-000-is-to-be-divided-76217.htmlfive-peices-of-wood-have-an-average-length-of-124-inches-and-123513.htmlthree-boxes-of-supplies-have-an-average-arithmetic-mean-105819.htmla-set-of-25-different-integers-has-a-median-of-50-and-a-129345.htmlthree-people-each-took-5-tests-if-the-ranges-of-their-score-127935.htmleach-senior-in-a-college-course-wrote-a-thesis-the-lengths-126964.htmlin-a-certain-set-of-five-numbers-the-median-is-128514.htmlshaggy-has-to-learn-the-same-71-hiragana-characters-and-126948.htmlOther min/max questions:PS: search.php?search_id=tag&tag_id=63DS: search.php?search_id=tag&tag_id=42Hope it helps.
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Re: Set R contains five numbers that have an average value of 55 [#permalink]
02 Nov 2012, 06:13
Thanks alot Bunuel..now i got that  .. i think in REAL GMAT these type of question cum frequenlty..!!.
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Re: Set R contains five numbers that have an average value of 55 [#permalink]
24 Jan 2013, 03:38
Hi , Here's how I did.. smallest no: s largest no: 3s+20 since mean = median, thought that numbers are in AP. so average= (last no+first no)/2 therefore 55=(s+3s+20)/2 => s=22.5 now l=20+3s => l=87.25 range =l-s=65.. Please let me know where I am going wrong.
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Re: Set R contains five numbers that have an average value of 55
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24 Jan 2013, 03:38
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