Quote:
Because country music plays on more radio stations there and is thus better able to capitalize on its fan base, a country music concert featuring a recognizable country group typically attracts a crowd much larger in the southern United States than it does in the Northeast.
A. featuring a recognizable country group typically attracts a crowd much larger in the southern United States than it does in
B. featuring a recognizable country group will typically attract a much larger crowd if it occurs in the southern United States instead of
C. will typically attract a crowd much larger in the southern United States than one featuring a recognizable country group in
D. that is performed in the southern United States will typically attract much larger a crowd than if it occurred featuring the same country group in
E. in the southern United States will typically attract a much larger crowd than will a concert featuring the same country group performed in
KAPLAN OFFICIAL EXPLANATIONRead the Original Sentence Carefully, Looking for Errors:
This sentence begins with a long modifying phrase focusing on a geographic location: "Because...there." The location referred to by "there" is the "southern United States" and should be placed as soon after the comma at the end of the phrase as possible. Since "a concert" already appears after the comma, the words that come after that should modify "concert" and refer to its location in the southern United States. So, the correct answer should contain language similar to "a concert in the southern United States." Additionally, the underlined portion of the sentence contains the pronoun "it." The GMAT repeatedly tests pronoun agreement and pronoun ambiguity. If “it” could replace more than one singular noun in the sentence, then it is ambiguous and must be corrected.
Scan and Group the Answer Choices:
The choices will require more than a quick scan to determine which move "southern United States" closer to the comma. As for the pronoun "it," a scan of the choices reveals a 3:1:1 split. In (A), (B), and (D), “it” is still included in the sentence, while (C) replaces “it” with “one” and (E) replaces “it” with “a concert.”
Eliminate Choices Until Only One Remains:
(B) does not move "southern United States" close to the comma at the end of the opening phrase. (B) also keeps the ambiguous pronoun "it," which could arguably refer to "fan base," "concert," or "recognizable country music group." Eliminate (B).
(C) does not bring "southern United States" close enough to "a concert." Instead, it brings in the idea of crowd size first. As for the pronoun issue, (C) replaces “it” with “one,” but it is still unclear what “one” replaces as a pronoun. The pronoun is still ambiguous. For these reasons, eliminate (C).
(D) does fix the modifier issue, giving us, "a concert that is performed in the southern United States." However, (D) still contains the ambiguous pronoun "it," which could arguably refer to "fan base," "concert," or "recognizable country music group." (D) also contains the awkward language, "will attract much larger a crowd" rather than "will attract a much larger crowd." Eliminate (D).
Only (E) fixes both noticed errors without adding any new errors. It brings "southern United States" as close as possible to "a concert" to read "a concert in the southern United States." It also corrects the ambiguous pronoun error, by getting rid of the pronoun altogether and using "a concert featuring...," which is a clear, specific noun phrase. (E) is therefore correct.
TAKEAWAY: When a sentence starts with a modifying phrase, try to get the item modified as close as possible to that phrase. With pronouns, there must be no doubt about what a pronoun is referring to. It's not enough that most readers could figure out from context what the author means. If someone logically could point to a different antecedent for the pronoun, there is an error in the sentence.