Below practice question based on to+Verb vs to+verb-ing.

(1) OG 12 51
A new study suggests that the conversational pace of everyday life may be so brisk it hampers the ability of some children for distinguishing discrete sounds and words and, the result is, to make sense of speech.
A. it hampers the ability of some children for distinguishing discrete sounds and words and, the result is, to make
B. that it hampers the ability of some children to distinguish discrete sounds and words and, as a result, to make
C. that it hampers the ability of some children to distinguish discrete sounds and words and, the result of this, they are unable to make
D. that it hampers the ability of some children to distinguish discrete sounds and words, and results in not making
E. as to hamper the ability of some children for distinguishing discrete sounds and words, resulting in being unable to make



(2) OG 12 106
Marconi’s conception of the radio was as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation; instead, it is precisely the opposite, a tool for communicating with a large, public audience.

A. Marconi’s conception of the radio was as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation; instead, it is
B. Marconi conceived of the radio as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation, but which is
C. Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for private conversation that could substitute for the telephone; instead, it has become
D. Marconi conceived of the radio to be a tool for private conversation, a substitute for the telephone, which has become
E. Marconi conceived of the radio to be a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation, other than what it is,


(3) Verbal OG 5
Hundreds of species of fish generate and discharge electric currents, in bursts or as steady electric fields around their bodies, using their power either to find and attack prey, to defend themselves, or also for communicating and navigating.

(A) either to find and attack prey, to defend themselves, or also for communicating and navigating
(B) either for finding and attacking prey, defend themselves, or for communication and navigation
(C) to find and attack prey, for defense, or communication and navigation
(D) for finding and attacking prey, to defend themselves, or also for communication and navigation
(E) to find and attack prey, to defend themselves, or to communicate and navigate


(4) Verbal OG 8
As the cost of wireless service has steadily dropped over the last year and as mobile phones have become increasingly common, many people are finding that they can avoid toll charges on their home phones, using their mobile phones for making long-distance calls at night or on weekends, at a time which many wireless companies provide unlimited airtime for a small monthly fee
a) phones, using their mobile phones for making long-distance calls at night or on weekends, at a time which
b) phones, instead using mobile phones to make long-distance calls during the night of weekends, during which
c) phones by using their mobile phones to make long-distance calls at night or on weekends, when
d) phones using mobile phones for making long-distance calls during the night or weekends, when
e) phones when using their mobile phones to make long-distance calls at night or on weekends, a time which.



(5) gmatprep
Australian embryologists have found evidence that suggests that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal, and its trunk originally evolved as a kind of snorkel.
A. that suggests that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal, and its trunk originally evolved
B. that has suggested the elephant descended from an aquatic animal, its trunk originally evolving
C. suggesting that the elephant had descended from an aquatic animal with its trunk originally evolving
D. to suggest that the elephant has descended from an aquatic animal and its trunk originally evolved
E. to suggest that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal and that its trunk originally evolved



(6) OG 10
While some propose to combat widespread illegal copying of computer programs by attempting to change people's attitudes toward pirating, others by suggesting reducing software prices to decrease the incentive for pirating, and still others by calling for the prosecution of those who copy software illegally.

A) by suggesting reducing software prices to decrease the incentive for pirating, and still others by calling
B) by suggesting the reduction of software prices to decrease the incentive for pirating, and still others call
C) suggest the reduction of software prices for decreasing the incentive for pirating, and still others call
D) suggest the reduction of software prices to decrease the incentive for pirating, and still others by calling
E) suggest reducing software prices to decrease the incentive for pirating, and still others are calling


(7) OG
New genetic evidence - together with recent studies of elephants’ skeletons, tusks, and other anatomical features - provide compelling support for classifying Africa’s forest elephants and its savanna elephants as separate species.

A. provide compelling support for classifying
B. provide compelling support for the classification of
C. provides compelling support to the classification of
D. provides compelling support for classifying
E. provides compelling support to classify


(8) OG
Warning that computers in the United States are not secure, the National Academy of Sciences has urged the nation to revamp computer security procedures, institute new emergency response teams, creating a special nongovernment organization to take charge of computer security planning.

A. creating a special nongovernment organization to take
B. creating a special nongovernment organization that takes
C. creating a special nongovernment organization for taking
D. and create a special nongovernment organization for taking
E. and create a special nongovernment organization to take



(9) e-gmat
Controversial mortgage laws passed last year state that, if at any point during the maturation period of the loan the person in whose name it is taken is not able to meet the payments, that person’s spouse will have responsibilities that include paying the balance.
a. will have responsibilities that include paying
b. will be responsible to pay
c. is responsible to pay
d. will be responsible for paying
e. is responsible for paying



(10) OG 12 #40
Dr. Tonegawa won the Nobel Prize for discovering how the body can constantly change its genes to fashion a seeming unlimited number of antibodies. each specifically targeted at an invading microbe or foreign
substance.

(A) seeming unlimited number of antibodies, each specifically targeted at
(B) seeming unlimited number of antibodies, each targeted specifically to
(C) seeming unlimited number of antibodies, all specifically targeted at
(D) seemingly unlimited number of antibodies, all of them targeted specifically to
(E) seemingly unlimited number of antibodies, each targeted specifically at


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Thanks dentobizz , I have corrected the same.

1. A new study suggests that the conversational pace of everyday life may be so brisk it hampers the ability of some children for distinguishing discrete sounds and words and, the result is, to make sense of speech.
A. it hampers the ability of some children for distinguishing discrete sounds and words and, the result is, to make 1. correct idiom is "ability of someone to do something 2. that is needed after brisk 3. and, the result is, - wordy
B. that it hampers the ability of some children to distinguish discrete sounds and words and, as a result, to make correct
C. that it hampers the ability of some children to distinguish discrete sounds and words and, the result of this, they are unable to make parallelism is needed between to distinguish...to make
D. that it hampers the ability of some children to distinguish discrete sounds and words, and results in not making parallelism is needed between to distinguish...to make
E. as to hamper the ability of some children for distinguishing discrete sounds and words, resulting in being unable to make 1. that is needed after brisk,2. Parallelism is missing ,3. resulting in being unable to make - awkward

2. Marconi’s conception of the radio was as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation; instead, it is precisely the opposite, a tool for communicating with a large, public audience.

A. Marconi’s conception of the radio was as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation; instead, it is correct idiom is "conceived of ...as"
B. Marconi conceived of the radio as a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation, but which is
C. Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for private conversation that could substitute for the telephone; instead, it has become correct
D. Marconi conceived of the radio to be a tool for private conversation, a substitute for the telephone, which has become incorrect idiom concieved of..to be
meaning issue - it is not telephone which has become tool for communicating with public, but radio is that tool
E. Marconi conceived of the radio to be a substitute for the telephone, a tool for private conversation, other than what it is, incorrect idiom concieved of..to be

4. As the cost of wireless service has steadily dropped over the last year and as mobile phones have become increasingly common, many people are finding that they can avoid toll charges on their home phones, using their mobile phones for making long-distance calls at night or on weekends, at a time which many wireless companies provide unlimited airtime for a small monthly fee


a) phones, using their mobile phones for making long-distance calls at night or on weekends, at a time which which cannot refer to "night or on weekends", we need "when" to refer time
b) phones, instead using mobile phones to make long-distance calls during the night of weekends, during which which cannot refer "night or on weekends", we need "when" to refer time, meaning issue - during the night of weekends
c) phones by using their mobile phones to make long-distance calls at night or on weekends, when - correct
d) phones using mobile phones for making long-distance calls during the night or weekends, when use mobile phones for is incorrect we need infinitive (in order) to
e) phones when using their mobile phones to make long-distance calls at night or on weekends, a time which. which cannot refer to "night or on weekends", we need "when" to refer time


5. Australian embryologists have found evidence that suggests that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal, and its trunk originally evolved as a kind of snorkel.

1. parallelism is required between that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal and that its trunk originally evolved

A. that suggests that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal, and its trunk originally evolved parallelism issue
B. that has suggested the elephant descended from an aquatic animal, its trunk originally evolving parallelism issue, evolving - incorrect tense
C. suggesting that the elephant had descended from an aquatic animal with its trunk originally evolving parallelism issue
had descended, evolving - incorrect tense
D. to suggest that the elephant has descended from an aquatic animal and its trunk originally evolved parallelism issue
E. to suggest that the elephant is descended from an aquatic animal and that its trunk originally evolved - correct

7. New genetic evidence - together with recent studies of elephants’ skeletons, tusks, and other anatomical features - provide compelling support for classifying Africa’s forest elephants and its savanna elephants as separate species.

we need singular verb "new genetic evidence ... provides"
support for is correct


A. provide compelling support for classifying
B. provide compelling support for the classification of
C. provides compelling support to the classification of
D. provides compelling support for classifying - correct
E. provides compelling support to classify


8. Warning that computers in the United States are not secure, the National Academy of Sciences has urged the nation to revamp computer security procedures, institute new emergency response teams, creating a special nongovernment organization to take charge of computer security planning.

parallel list - urged the nation to
1. revamp computer security procedures,
2. institute new emergency response teams,
3. and create a special nongovernment organization

"create to" is needed to emphasize the purpose

A. creating a special nongovernment organization to take
B. creating a special nongovernment organization that takes
C. creating a special nongovernment organization for taking
D. and create a special nongovernment organization for taking
E. and create a special nongovernment organization to take correct - "create to" is correctly used to emphasize the purpose of creating the non government organization

9. Controversial mortgage laws passed last year state that, if at any point during the maturation period of the loan the person in whose name it is taken is not able to meet the payments, that person’s spouse will have responsibilities that include paying the balance.

we need
1. will to describe a future event
2. correct idiom is responsible for something
responsible to is incorrect

a. will have responsibilities that include paying wordy + breaks the parallelism
b. will be responsible to pay
c. is responsible to pay
d. will be responsible for paying - correct
e. is responsible for paying


10. Dr. Tonegawa won the Nobel Prize for discovering how the body can constantly change its genes to fashion a seeming unlimited number of antibodies. each specifically targeted at an invading microbe or foreign substance.

we need
1. seemingly to modify unlimited number of antibodies
2. correct idiom is targeted at
3. each targeted at..an invading microbe

(A) seeming unlimited number of antibodies, each specifically targeted at
(B) seeming unlimited number of antibodies, each targeted specifically to
(C) seeming unlimited number of antibodies, all specifically targeted at
(D) seemingly unlimited number of antibodies, all of them targeted specifically to
(E) seemingly unlimited number of antibodies, each targeted specifically at correct
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