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# The annual rent collected by a corporation from a certain

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The annual rent collected by a corporation from a certain [#permalink]  02 Jan 2010, 14:10
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45% (medium)

Question Stats:

53% (02:55) correct 46% (02:04) wrong based on 241 sessions
The annual rent collected by a corporation from a certain building was x percent more in 1998 than in 1997 and y percent less in 1999 than in 1998. Was the annual rent collected by the corporation from the building more in 1999 than in 1997?

(1) x > y
(2) xy/100 < x-y
[Reveal] Spoiler: OA

Last edited by Bunuel on 14 Dec 2012, 04:38, edited 2 times in total.
Edited the question and added the OA
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Re: GMAT 12th ed. #120 DS [#permalink]  02 Jan 2010, 14:16
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thanks wrote:
The annual rent collected by a corporation from a certain building was x percent more in 1998 than in 1997 and y percent less in 1999 than in 1998. Was the annual rent collected by the corporation from the building more in 1999 than in 1997?

1) X is greater than Y
2) xy/100 is less than x-y

I'm hoping that someone can elaborate on the number property that gives answer b.

PS I'm assuming that there is no way of knowing what level the questions are from the Review books???

Given:

Rent in 1997 - r;
Rent in 1998 - r*(1+\frac{x}{100});
Rent in 1999 - r*(1+\frac{x}{100})*(1-\frac{y}{100}).

Question is r<r*(1+\frac{x}{100})*(1-\frac{y}{100}) true? --> 1<1-\frac{y}{100}+\frac{x}{100}-\frac{xy}{10000} --> x-y>\frac{xy}{100} true?

(1) x>y, based on this information we can not conclude whether x-y>\frac{xy}{100} is true or not. Not sufficient.

(2) \frac{xy}{100} < x -y, directly states that the equation we were testing is true. Sufficient.

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Re: GMAT 12th ed. #120 DS [#permalink]  02 Jan 2010, 14:51
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thanks wrote:
Feeling a little slow right now, but I'm failing to get the algebra from when you restate the question. The yearly breakdown is clear, but would you mind explaining the math where you multiply it out?

r<r*(1+\frac{x}{100})*(1-\frac{y}{100}), r cancels out. Then (1+a)(1-b)=1-b+a-ab.

1<1-\frac{y}{100}+\frac{x}{100}-\frac{xy}{10000}, 1 cancels out --> 0<-\frac{y}{100}+\frac{x}{100}-\frac{xy}{10000}, multiplu by 100 both sides --> 0<-y+x-\frac{xy}{100}, rearrange -->x-y>\frac{xy}{100}.

Hope it's clear.
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samrand wrote:
The annual rent collected by a corporation from a certain building was x percent more in 1998 than in 1997 and y percent less in 1999 than in 1998.Was the annual rent collected by the corporation from the building more in 1999 than in 1997?
1:x>y
2:(xy/100)<x-y

consider rent collected are variables as follows
1997 - a, 1998 - b, 1999 - c.

Given a[1 + (x/100)] = b, and b[1 - (y/100)] = c.
Therefore, a[1+(x/100)][1-(y/100)]=c.
For c to be more than a, a has to be multiplied with a positive term expressed as [1 + (m/100)]

Only stmt-2 helps us derive such an expression upon simplifying the above equation. Stmt-1 is definitely non sufficient.
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Re: Percentiles confusion [#permalink]  25 May 2010, 13:59
So I solved it like this:

1998 = 1997 (1+X)
1998 (1-Y) = 1999

1999 = 1997 (1+X)(1-Y)

1999 = 1997 [1+ (x-y-xy)]

Meaning if (X-Y) - XY is positive 1999>1997
and if (X-Y) - XY is negative 1999<1997

but
If XY < 100(X - Y) and XY= XY/10000 and Y-X = Y-X/100
it seems like the 100 in part B is in the wrong place to solve the inequality:

XY/10,000 < 100(X-Y)/100

it just seems strange that the 100 is in there because what we are really trying to find is weather XY/10000< (Y-X)/100
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Can anybody please expalin how can we get the ans by substituting values ????
Like I assumed the following values
Let the annual rent collected in 1997 be 100
Assume x = 20 and y= 10
Rent in 1998 = 120 and 1999 = 108
Assume x = 10 and y = 20
Rent in 1998 = 110 and 1999 = 89

For 1st option whenever X>Y we get the rent in 1999>1997.
For 2nd option - Since these are %, they will always be +ve and to make xy/100<x-y, x will have to be greater than y and hence the rent in 1999>1997

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Zorba wrote:
Can anybody please expalin how can we get the ans by substituting values ????
Like I assumed the following values
Let the annual rent collected in 1997 be 100
Assume x = 20 and y= 10
Rent in 1998 = 120 and 1999 = 108
Assume x = 10 and y = 20
Rent in 1998 = 110 and 1999 = 89

For 1st option whenever X>Y we get the rent in 1999>1997.
For 2nd option - Since these are %, they will always be +ve and to make xy/100<x-y, x will have to be greater than y and hence the rent in 1999>1997

Take x =100 and y =99

hope it helps
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Re: Successive percent problem from OG 12th edition DS 120 [#permalink]  22 Jul 2010, 00:16
This is a good example of a DS problem that can be manipulated a lot before getting to the two statements. It becomes a really simple problem once you have done all the manipulation, but getting there can take a while.

I worry on the actual test I will be wondering if I should simplify first, or be nervous with the real timer going and just jump right into the statements.
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i think the answer is D because A can also give clue. Upon expansion we get:
r(1+(x-y)/100 - xy/10000)

given x>y, therefore (x-y)/100 is going to be positive and xy/10000< (x-y)/100, denominator comparison is enough. So (x-y)/100 - xy/10000 > 0. So rent collected will be greater. So D is the answer...
Pls correct me if I am wrong...
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Re: GMAT 12th ed. #120 DS [#permalink]  08 Sep 2010, 12:11
Bunuel wrote:
thanks wrote:
The annual rent collected by a corporation from a certain building was x percent more in 1998 than in 1997 and y percent less in 1999 than in 1998. Was the annual rent collected by the corporation from the building more in 1999 than in 1997?

1) X is greater than Y
2) xy/100 is less than x-y

I'm hoping that someone can elaborate on the number property that gives answer b.

PS I'm assuming that there is no way of knowing what level the questions are from the Review books???

Given:

Rent in 1997 - r;
Rent in 1998 - r*(1+\frac{x}{100});
Rent in 1999 - r*(1+\frac{x}{100})*(1-\frac{y}{100}).

Question is r<r*(1+\frac{x}{100})*(1-\frac{y}{100}) true? --> 1<1-\frac{y}{100}+\frac{x}{100}-\frac{xy}{10000} --> x-y>\frac{xy}{100} true?

(1) x>y, based on this information we can not conclude whether x-y>\frac{xy}{100} is true or not. Not sufficient.

(2) \frac{xy}{100} < x -y, directly states that the equation we were testing is true. Sufficient.

Well crafted solution a KUDOS!

BTW... Thank you for such wonderful explanations that make understanding tough problems like these easy.
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so it seems you must simplify the 'rephrased' d.s. questions until you can't simplify any more... THEN consider the statements 1 and 2.,.. correct?
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This is a question based on successive percentage changes i.e. a number changes by a certain factor, then it changes again by some other factor and so on. Take 100 for example. I first increase it by 10% so it becomes 110. I then decrease 110 by 20% so it becomes 88.
I personally favor multiplying the factor of change together e.g.
100 * (1 + \frac{10}{100}) * (1 - \frac{20}{100}) = 88

but a lot of my students like to use the simple formula of two successive percentage changes which is: a + b + \frac{ab}{100}
(You can derive it very easily. Let me know if you face a problem)

If a number is changed by a% and then by b%, its overall percentage change is as given by the formula.
Using it in the example above, a = 10, b = -20 (since it is a decrease)
a + b + \frac{ab}{100} = 10 - 20 - \frac{10*20}{100} = -12%
So overall change will be of -12%. 100 becomes 88.

In our question above, since we have two successive percentage changes of x% and y% (which is a decrease) so the formula gives us x - y - \frac{xy}{100} is the overall change. The question is, whether this change is positive i.e. whether x - y - \frac{xy}{100} > 0 or
x - y > \frac{xy}{100}?
Since statement 2 tells us that x - y > \frac{xy}{100}, it is sufficient.

And yes, it helps to be clear about exactly what is asked before you move on to the statements.
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Save $100 on Veritas Prep GMAT Courses And Admissions Consulting Enroll now. Pay later. Take advantage of Veritas Prep's flexible payment plan options. Veritas Prep Reviews Manager Joined: 01 Apr 2010 Posts: 165 Followers: 3 Kudos [?]: 15 [0], given: 6 Re: GMAT 12th ed. #120 DS [#permalink] 16 Nov 2010, 03:41 Bunuel wrote: thanks wrote: The annual rent collected by a corporation from a certain building was x percent more in 1998 than in 1997 and y percent less in 1999 than in 1998. Was the annual rent collected by the corporation from the building more in 1999 than in 1997? 1) X is greater than Y 2) xy/100 is less than x-y I'm hoping that someone can elaborate on the number property that gives answer b. PS I'm assuming that there is no way of knowing what level the questions are from the Review books??? Given: Rent in 1997 - r; Rent in 1998 - r*(1+\frac{x}{100}); Rent in 1999 - r*(1+\frac{x}{100})*(1-\frac{y}{100}). Question is r<r*(1+\frac{x}{100})*(1-\frac{y}{100}) true? --> 1<1-\frac{y}{100}+\frac{x}{100}-\frac{xy}{10000} --> x-y>\frac{xy}{100} true? (1) x>y, based on this information we can not conclude whether x-y>\frac{xy}{100} is true or not. Not sufficient. (2) \frac{xy}{100} < x -y, directly states that the equation we were testing is true. Sufficient. Answer: B. simple,clear explanation n solution... thanks brunel... +1 .. i face problems in answering % problems... i solve them.. but i take lot of time... more than that i feel i am not good in % problems... if there are any good set of % problems for practice, please share them... any advice would be useful.... Math Expert Joined: 02 Sep 2009 Posts: 15219 Followers: 2560 Kudos [?]: 15853 [2] , given: 1575 Re: GMAT 12th ed. #120 DS [#permalink] 16 Nov 2010, 03:46 2 This post received KUDOS Expert's post srivicool wrote: Bunuel wrote: thanks wrote: The annual rent collected by a corporation from a certain building was x percent more in 1998 than in 1997 and y percent less in 1999 than in 1998. Was the annual rent collected by the corporation from the building more in 1999 than in 1997? 1) X is greater than Y 2) xy/100 is less than x-y I'm hoping that someone can elaborate on the number property that gives answer b. PS I'm assuming that there is no way of knowing what level the questions are from the Review books??? Given: Rent in 1997 - r; Rent in 1998 - r*(1+\frac{x}{100}); Rent in 1999 - r*(1+\frac{x}{100})*(1-\frac{y}{100}). Question is r<r*(1+\frac{x}{100})*(1-\frac{y}{100}) true? --> 1<1-\frac{y}{100}+\frac{x}{100}-\frac{xy}{10000} --> x-y>\frac{xy}{100} true? (1) x>y, based on this information we can not conclude whether x-y>\frac{xy}{100} is true or not. Not sufficient. (2) \frac{xy}{100} < x -y, directly states that the equation we were testing is true. Sufficient. Answer: B. simple,clear explanation n solution... thanks brunel... +1 .. i face problems in answering % problems... i solve them.. but i take lot of time... more than that i feel i am not good in % problems... if there are any good set of % problems for practice, please share them... any advice would be useful.... Theory: math-number-theory-percents-91708.html Practice DS: search.php?search_id=tag&tag_id=192 Practice PS: search.php?search_id=tag&tag_id=191 Hope it helps. _________________ Manager Joined: 01 Apr 2010 Posts: 165 Followers: 3 Kudos [?]: 15 [0], given: 6 Re: What is the answer? [#permalink] 16 Nov 2010, 05:01 thanx for the links Bunuel... Ms. Big Fat Panda Status: Biting Nails Into Oblivion Joined: 09 Jun 2010 Posts: 1857 Followers: 317 Kudos [?]: 1240 [1] , given: 194 Re: OG 12th DS #120 [#permalink] 23 Nov 2010, 17:14 1 This post received KUDOS tonebeeze wrote: I am having problems with the 700+ successive percents problems. Can you recommend any books or GMAT clubs links that can help remedy my issues? Thanks. Below is a problem I had difficulty with today. The OG's explanation was a bit convoluted. I would appreciate other approaches or explanations to this problem. Thanks! "The annual rent collected by a corporation from a certain building was x percent more in 1998 than in 1997 and y percent less in 1999 than in 1998. Wass the annual rent collected by the corporation from the building more in 1999 than in 1997?" 1. x > y 2. xy/100 < x - y Let us assume that the revenue collected in 1997 was 100. Then the revenue in 1998 was \frac{(100+x)*100}{100} = (100+x) and the revenue collected in 1999 was \frac{(100-y)*(100+x)}{100}. Thus the ratio of the revenues in 1999 to 1997= \frac{(100-y)(100+x)}{(100)(100)} = \frac{(10000 + 100 (x-y) - xy)}{10000} Now if x > y it doesn't prove anything. So insufficient. Looking at the second statement, it's given that \frac{xy}{100} < (x-y) For conclusively evaluating if the numerator is greater than the denominator we need to find out whether 100(x-y) > xy We are given that \frac{xy}{100} < (x-y) i.e. (xy) < 100 (x-y) and hence we can conclusively say 100 (x-y) - xy > 0 and hence the numerator > 10000 and hence the ratio > 1. Thus the answer is B. Senior Manager Joined: 21 Mar 2010 Posts: 317 Followers: 5 Kudos [?]: 18 [0], given: 33 Re: Need help on DS: OG #120 [#permalink] 19 Feb 2011, 06:49 I like VeritasPrepKarishma's answer- Karishma, you should start a thread with all these formulae in one place- especially the unconventional ones! Veritas Prep GMAT Instructor Joined: 16 Oct 2010 Posts: 3780 Location: Pune, India Followers: 813 Kudos [?]: 3241 [2] , given: 138 Re: Need help on DS: OG #120 [#permalink] 19 Feb 2011, 19:09 2 This post received KUDOS Expert's post mbafall2011 wrote: I like VeritasPrepKarishma's answer- Karishma, you should start a thread with all these formulae in one place- especially the unconventional ones! I discuss one topic every week in my blog (which I started recently) at: [url] http://www.veritasprep.com/blog/categor ... er-wisdom/[/url] I plan to make it a collection of various conventional and unconventional formulas (with explanation of their derivation) and concepts that are relevant for GMAT. You might find something useful there... (In fact, the latest post discusses this very formula.) _________________ Karishma Veritas Prep | GMAT Instructor My Blog Save$100 on Veritas Prep GMAT Courses And Admissions Consulting
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Re: Need help on DS: OG #120 [#permalink]  19 Feb 2011, 19:57
VeritasPrepKarishma wrote:
mbafall2011 wrote:
I like VeritasPrepKarishma's answer- Karishma, you should start a thread with all these formulae in one place- especially the unconventional ones!

I discuss one topic every week in my blog (which I started recently) at:
[url]
http://www.veritasprep.com/blog/categor ... er-wisdom/[/url]
I plan to make it a collection of various conventional and unconventional formulas (with explanation of their derivation) and concepts that are relevant for GMAT. You might find something useful there... (In fact, the latest post discusses this very formula.)

Thanks! perfect solution. May be add this as a signature if its not already there! I was so confused in a percentage problem today in one of the sample tests. Ill see if there is already a thread for it else post one.

Thanks
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VeritasPrepKarishma wrote:
This is a question based on successive percentage changes i.e. a number changes by a certain factor, then it changes again by some other factor and so on. Take 100 for example. I first increase it by 10% so it becomes 110. I then decrease 110 by 20% so it becomes 88.
I personally favor multiplying the factor of change together e.g.
100 * (1 + \frac{10}{100}) * (1 - \frac{20}{100}) = 88

but a lot of my students like to use the simple formula of two successive percentage changes which is: a + b + \frac{ab}{100}
(You can derive it very easily. Let me know if you face a problem)

If a number is changed by a% and then by b%, its overall percentage change is as given by the formula.
Using it in the example above, a = 10, b = -20 (since it is a decrease)
a + b + \frac{ab}{100} = 10 - 20 - \frac{10*20}{100} = -12%
So overall change will be of -12%. 100 becomes 88.

In our question above, since we have two successive percentage changes of x% and y% (which is a decrease) so the formula gives us x - y - \frac{xy}{100} is the overall change. The question is, whether this change is positive i.e. whether x - y - \frac{xy}{100} > 0 or
x - y > \frac{xy}{100}?
Since statement 2 tells us that x - y > \frac{xy}{100}, it is sufficient.

And yes, it helps to be clear about exactly what is asked before you move on to the statements.

Hi Karishma, can you please explain how you derived a + b + \frac{ab}{100}? I'm also not quite clear on why you used that second subtraction in 10 - 20 - \frac{10*20}{100}. Thanks!
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