D for me.

E for me.

The conclusion is not about the future. It is a general statement that can refer to past, present or future. So we can eliminate D.

Crick

what is the OA?

Answers should be E . govt retire benefits relate to cost of living index- which relates to everyday retail prices so that an increase/decrease in them can be taken into account, author thinks this is wrong because technology reducing cost of prod is not taken into account. the only way this can lead to more money being paid as benefit is when the cost being low directly translates into the prices being low too. author is auuming this is the case. hence E The reasoning in the argument is most vulnerable to the criticism that the argument

(A) fails to consider the possibility that there are years in which there is no change in the consumer price index : So what? author is only saying that in the years when the cost of prod is low, and CPI doesnt accomodate it, it is leading to unfairly high payment.
(B) fails to make explicit which goods and services are included in the consumer price index : that is not important, agument is accepting that it includes representative items.
(C) presumes, without providing warrant, that retirement benefits are not generally used to purchase unusual goods : this is more a criticism of the govt using CPI to modify the retirement benefits, then a criticism of the author's conclusion.
(D) uncritically draws an inference from what has been true in the past to what will be true in the future : we cant blame an author if he uses a trend!
(E) makes an irrelevant shift from discussing retail prices to discussing production costs: correct option

E...

I picked E...the index measures retail prices not production costs.

D

I shortlisted A and D...and later chose D...

However, the consumer price index does not consider technological innovations that may drastically reduce the cost of producing some goods. Therefore, the value of government benefits is sometimes greater than is warranted by the true change in costs.

The reasoning in the argument is most vulnerable to the criticism that the argument

(A) fails to consider the possibility that there are years in which there is no change in the consumer price index -some what yes..But out of the discussion

(B) fails to make explicit which goods and services are included in the consumer price index

(C) presumes, without providing warrant, that retirement benefits are not generally used to purchase unusual goods

(D) uncritically draws an inference from what has been true in the past to what will be true in the future -To me this refers to future innovation that Price index will miss

(E) makes an irrelevant shift from discussing retail prices to discussing production costs

correct me if i am wrong....
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