The results of the companys cost-cutting measures are

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The results of the companys cost-cutting measures are [#permalink]

20 Jul 2011, 22:08

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Question Stats:

72% (01:41) correct

27% (00:29) wrong

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The results of the company’s cost-cutting measures are evident in its profi ts, which increased 5 percent during the fi rst 3 months of this year after it fell over the last two years.

(A) which increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after it fell
(B) which had increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after it had fallen
(C) which have increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after falling
(D) with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after falling
(E) with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after having fallen

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Re: verb tenses & "with" [#permalink]

20 Jul 2011, 22:14

OG says the underlined part need to clarify the sequence by using verb tenses.
Here are the explanation for the choices:

A The verb tenses do not distinguish between the times at which these indicators occurred; the singular it does not agree with the plural profits.
B The verb tenses do not distinguish between the times when the indicators occurred; the singular it does not agree with the plural profits.
C Correct. The verb tenses clearly indicate the sequence of events.
D It is not clear what connection is being described by with; the prepositional phrase makes the sentence wordy and unclear.
E It is not clear what connection is being described by with; the prepositional phrase makes the sentence wordy and unclear.

IF the sequence is the first priority, I think E best resolves this problem "having fallen..." clearly indicates that the action falling happened before the action increase.
Why is E wrong?
1) because it starts with "with+ing" pattern?
I've noticed that OG seems to avoid this "with" pattern. But could anyone tell me why is it wrong? if it's a noun modifier, then it makes perfect sense to modify "profits".
2) because it contains "having"? GMAT seems to avoid this form too.

Please explain~~~Thanks

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Re: verb tenses & "with" [#permalink]

20 Jul 2011, 22:21

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using 'with a 5% increase...' its not clear whether the clause is describing profits or cost cutting measures.

to make this more clear, 'which' is required, here 'which' describes profits.

So C

Last edited by agdimple333 on 21 Jul 2011, 09:43, edited 1 time in total.

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Re: verb tenses & "with" [#permalink]

21 Jul 2011, 03:26

D and E eliminating because of "with" it is better "wich"
A and B elimination because of "it" when it MUST be "profits - plural"

We left only one choose C.

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Re: The results of the companys cost-cutting measures are [#permalink]

11 Mar 2012, 23:37

The results of the company’s cost-cutting measures are evident in its profi ts, which increased 5 percent during the fi rst 3 months of this year after it fell over the last two years.

(C) which have increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after falling

(E) with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after having fallen

Why do we pick which over with a ? is that a gmat rule ?

Also when would we pick "with a" instead of "which"?

Thanks

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Re: The results of the companys cost-cutting measures are [#permalink]

12 Mar 2012, 00:23

Hi,

C) which have increased 5 percent during the first 3 months of this year after falling

(E) with a 5 percent increase during the first 3 months of this year after having fallen

there is no particular rule about with or which that I can remember.
however here which preceded with comma correctly identifies profits

the problem with "with" is what does it refers to? profits/results/cost cutting measures?
also having is often not preferred in GMAt

Re: The results of the companys cost-cutting measures are [#permalink] 12 Mar 2012, 00:23

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The results of the companys cost-cutting measures are

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