The stars, some of them at tremendous speeds, are in motion just as the planets are, yet being so far away from the Earth that their apparent positions in the sky do not change enough for their movement to be observed during a single human lifetime.

A) The stars, some of them at tremendous speeds, are in motion just as the planets are, yet being

B) Like the planets, the stars are in motion, some of them at tremendous speeds, but they are

C) Although like the planets the stars are in motion, some of them at tremendous speeds, yet

D) As the planets, the stars are in motion, some of them at tremendous speeds, but they are

E) The stars are in motion like the planets, some of which at tremendous speeds are in motion but

to me they all sound retarded...

B. The comparison is b/w Earth & Stars which calls for 'like' to express similarity. 'They' in the latter half clearly refers to 'stars' so no ambiguity.

The stars, some of them at tremendous speeds, are in motion just as the planets are, yet being so far away from the Earth that their apparent positions in the sky do not change enough for their movement to be observed during a single human lifetime.

A) The stars, some of them at tremendous speeds, are in motion just as the planets are, yet being

B) Like the planets, the stars are in motion, some of them at tremendous speeds, but they are

C) Although like the planets the stars are in motion, some of them at tremendous speeds, yet

D) As the planets, the stars are in motion, some of them at tremendous speeds, but they are

E) The stars are in motion like the planets, some of which at tremendous speeds are in motion but

Need every option`s explanation

1.) Notice that the end of some of the answers include a subject/verb, so check sentence structure. ABCD each uses ", but" or ", yet" and each of these requires an independent clause on each side (S/V ", but" S/V). There is no verb after the underlined part, so we need a subject/verb in the answer after the ", but" or ", yet". This knocks out A and C. E doesn't need to be eliminated, because we don't have a comma before "but"

2.) We see "like" and "as" in the beginning, so comparisons are being tested. "like" needs to be followed by a noun. "as" can be followed by a noun or a subject/verb, but it is NOT a comparison if it is followed by a noun - it is describing function. Because we are comparing how the stars are in motion to how the planets are in motion, "as" needs to be followed by a subject/verb if it is used.

3.) The order of "stars" and "planets" changes, which usually indicates a modifier-related meaning issue. Here the sentence is intending to tell us that the "stars" are "so far away from the Earth", not the "planets".

The stars, some of them at tremendous speeds, are in motion just as the planets are, yet being so far away from the Earth that their apparent positions in the sky do not change enough for their movement to be observed during a single human lifetime.

A) The stars, some of them at tremendous speeds, are in motion just as the planets are, yet being - "being" doesn't make this wrong. In fact, the GMAT sometimes starts a clause using being if it is trying to use the state of being something as the subject. What makes this answer wrong is the lack of a subject/verb after the ", yet"

B) Like the planets, the stars are in motion, some of them at tremendous speeds, but they are - There is a subject/verb after ", but" and there is proper use of "like". Also, the modifier "some of them" is properly modifying "stars". Don't worry that "them" might be a little ambiguous ("stars" or "planets") because ambiguity is a lower priority than improper sentence structure, improper like/as usage, and improper meaning from improper modifier placement.

C) Although like the planets the stars are in motion, some of them at tremendous speeds, yet - Again, no verb after ", yet"

D) As the planets, the stars are in motion, some of them at tremendous speeds, but they are - "as" is followed by a noun, so it describes the function that the stars are performing, which is not the intended meaning of the sentence

E) The stars are in motion like the planets, some of which at tremendous speeds are in motion but - The modifier "some of which" is describing planets as being far away from the Earth. This is not the intended meaning of the sentence.

Be careful. Here, "but" and "yet" are being used as conjunctions, and "but" and "yet" are interchangeable when used as conjunctions.

I enjoy movies, yet I never get a chance to go.
I enjoy movies, but I never get a chance to go.

These are identical. "Yet" only means up until now when it is being used as an adverb.

You got the right answer, but you should not have eliminated A and C for using "yet." Also, why then is E wrong? It also uses "but" and might not need a comma.