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Too old to bear arms himself, Frederick Douglass served as a [#permalink]
 19 Jul 2005, 07:50
Question Stats:
31% (01:46) correct
68% (00:47) wrong based on 22 sessions
Too old to bear arms himself, Frederick Douglass served as a recruiting agent, traveled through the North to exhort Black men to join the Union army.
(A) traveled through the North to exhort
(B) and he traveled through the North and exhorted
(C) and traveling through the North exhorted
(D) traveling through the North and exhorted
(E) traveling through the North and exhorting
After answering the question could someone respond to my query please:
Although the OA is pretty obvious, how would you syntactically show for the aforementioned construct that "served" and "exhorted" are parallel verbs with "traveling" used as a participle for recruiting agent?
IC, participle and IC with the verb elements from both the IC's being at the "same level" of recursiveness?
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obvious as it is, I will go with E
"traveling through the North and exhorting"
modifies the main clause "Frederick Douglass served as a recruiting agent", it specifies how exactly he worked as recruiting agent.
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D for me
The structure is
noun phrase modifying Frederick Douglass
Independent clause
partiple phrases to show what he did..
It was tough for me.
Too old to bear arms himself, Frederick Douglass served as a recruiting agent, traveled through the North to exhort Black men to join the Union army.
(A) traveled through the North to exhort
- It says that to exhort he travelled.
(B) and he traveled through the North and exhorted
- OUT. This choice has no intended meaning. If it need to be parallel, it could be written like
Frederick Douglass served as a recruiting agent, traveled through the North, and exhorted Black men to join the Union army.
(C) and traveling through the North exhorted
- no need of AND. We have a sentence fragment here.
(D) traveling through the North and exhorted
-Looks Good.
(E) traveling through the North and exhorting
- OUT Second participle is not parallel. Need exhorted.
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riteshgupta1 wrote: D for me
The structure is
noun phrase modifying Frederick Douglass
Independent clause
partiple phrases to show what he did..
It was tough for me.
Too old to bear arms himself, Frederick Douglass served as a recruiting agent, traveled through the North to exhort Black men to join the Union army.
(A) traveled through the North to exhort
- It says that to exhort he travelled.
(B) and he traveled through the North and exhorted
- OUT. This choice has no intended meaning. If it need to be parallel, it could be written like
Frederick Douglass served as a recruiting agent, traveled through the North, and exhorted Black men to join the Union army.
(C) and traveling through the North exhorted
- no need of AND. We have a sentence fragment here.
(D) traveling through the North and exhorted
-Looks Good.
(E) traveling through the North and exhorting
- OUT Second participle is not parallel. Need exhorted.
Traveling through the North and exhorting... is the non-restrictive clause. So exhorting and served don't have to be //. In fact, traveling and exhorting need to be //.
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E is right.
travelling and exhorting should be parallel.
he served is his job, travelling and exhorting is what he does.
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Too old to bear arms himself, Frederick Douglass served as a recruiting agent, traveled through the North to exhort Black men to join the Union army.
(A) traveled through the North to exhort
(B) and he traveled through the North and exhorted
(C) and traveling through the North exhorted
(D) traveling through the North and exhorted
(E) traveling through the North and exhorting
I vote D.
To me E reads like -> Fredrick served as a recruiting agent while he exhorted black men to join the Union army - Sounds repetitious. He served as a recruiting agent and so he exhorted black men to join the army.
I vote for D. To me, D reads like Fredrick served as a recruiting agent while he travelled through the north and exhorted black men to join the army
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IMO, placement of comma ',' enforces us to use 'and'. So, were left with only two choices: *B or *C
I prefer C over B.
So, C is my answer.
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Re: SC: Frederick Douglas [#permalink]
14 Mar 2011, 14:02
dwivedys wrote: gmataquaguy wrote: Too old to bear arms himself, Frederick Douglass served as a recruiting agent, traveled through the North to exhort Black men to join the Union army.
(A) traveled through the North to exhort
(B) and he traveled through the North and exhorted
(C) and traveling through the North exhorted
(D) traveling through the North and exhorted
(E) traveling through the North and exhorting
After answering the question could someone respond to my query please:
Although the OA is pretty obvious, how would you syntactically show for the aforementioned construct that "served" and "exhorted" are parallel verbs with "traveling" used as a participle for recruiting agent?
E is right here.
Served as a recruiting agent, traveling through the north and exhorting black men ARE ALL PARTICIPIAL PHRASES modifying Fred.
The verbs don't need to be structurally similar IMO, so long as they are semantically (a.k.a participial phrases) similar
IC, participle and IC with the verb elements from both the IC's being at the "same level" of recursiveness? I selected A for the demand of "Past Participle" in the sentence (and selected A) rather than a "Present Participle" (and selecting E). Can you tell why you used Present Participle instead of Past Participle?
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Re: SC: Frederick Douglas [#permalink]
14 Mar 2011, 21:41
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The first thing is to define the primary purpose of the passage and then the secondary purpose or secondary purposes, if more than one. We can not logically assign all of them equal status. While the main purpose will take a working verb, the secondary purposes will take the participles, either present or past. At this juncture we must be alert to the fact that part participles very often take the form of simple past (as in this context, traveled is used as a verb here and should not be mistaken for a past participle.) As such, Choice A will be a run-on without using a conjunction between the two verbs there - wrong B equates traveled and exhorted with served. In addition the pronoun ‘he’ is redundant; ---wrong; if you mean to equate all the three functions, then you have to say “served, traveled and exhorted” C equates exhorted with served --wrong D Exhorted equated with served--- wrong E, served remains primacy purpose and other incidentals are expressed with present participles—perfect combination and right answer.
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Re: SC: Frederick Douglas [#permalink]
15 Mar 2011, 05:07
daagh wrote: The first thing is to define the primary purpose of the passage and then the secondary purpose or secondary purposes, if more than one. We can not logically assign all of them equal status. While the main purpose will take a working verb, the secondary purposes will take the participles, either present or past. At this juncture we must be alert to the fact that past participles very often take the form of simple past (or atmost other forms of past tense{continuous/perfect etc etc})(as in this context, traveled is used as a verb here and should not be mistaken for a past participle.)
As such, Choice A will be a run-on without using a conjunction two verbs between the two verbs there - wrong
B equates traveled and exhorted with served. In addition the pronoun ‘he’ is redundant; ---wrong; if you mean to equate all the three functions, then you have to say “served, traveled and exhorted”
C equates exhorted with served --wrong
D Exhorted equated with served--- wrong
E, served remains primacy purpose and other incidentals are expressed with present participles—perfect combination and right answer. Hi daagh THanks for responding.. I understood and agree your point upto a  point as far as primary and secondary purposes are concerned. But what I noticed was that "past participles very often take the form of simple past" does not hold good because "past participles will always take the form of simple past ", because they modify nouns in PAST. That is why they are PAST participles. Upon some research, I found from a Grammar book that it is "PAST PASSIVE VOICE" which introduces a PAST Participial phrase in a sentence. Below is an exact excerpt from the book: Do we only have –ing participles in participial phrases? In addition to the –ing present participle, the –ed past participle also occurs in participial phrases. –ed participial phrases that function as adjectives are closely related to verbs in passive voice: --> Annoyed by the students’ behavior, the teacher gave them extra work. I hope that it is the key to this problem. Please let me know if anyone of you reading this post has observed deviation from this rule. I will be interested in that.
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If you know what you're worth, then go out and get what you're worth. But you gotta be willing to take the hits, and not pointing fingers saying you ain't where you wanna be because of anybody! Cowards do that and You're better than that!
The path is long, but self-surrender makes it short; the way is difficult, but perfect trust makes it easy.
Fire the final bullet only when you are constantly hitting the Bull's eye, till then KEEP PRACTICING.
Failure establishes only this, that our determination to succeed was not strong enough.
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Re: SC: Frederick Douglas [#permalink]
15 Mar 2011, 09:45
joshnsit wrote Quote: Point 1. "Past participles will always take the form of simple past ", -- Do they always take the form of simple Past? Look at the following past participial forms. Eat - ate - eaten Eg: Eaten in the Mediterranean, tomatoes were once considered dangerous plants by Europeans Here are some more examples of past participles in non past-tense forms. Please note that these past participles can not function as past tense verbs. There are so many more. Arise Arose Arisen Shrink shrank shrunk – Bear - bore - borne Begin began begun Withdraw withdrew withdrawn Drink drank drunk Point 2. Quote: Because they modify nouns in PAST. That is why they are PAST participles. —could you Pl clarify what exactly you mean by calling nouns in the past. Does a noun have a present, past or future? Well! According to me nope; First thing is that the grammar book you have quoted does not connect past participle with past tense; it connects participle only with passive voice. Passive voice can be expressed both in present and past tense. Should a past participle be connected only with past tense or can it be connected with present tense also? Let’s see. Annoyed by the student behavior, the principal was angry Annoyed by the student behavior, the principal is angry Both the above are perfectly legal sentences. Few more examples Targeted by aspirants of management studies in the US mainly, the GMAT is a bench mark test. Targeted mainly for its affluence in the medieval era, India was battered by a series of raids by the Mediterranean empires. Similarly, can a present participle using a verb+ing form be used both in present tens and past tense?’ Eg: Rising early in the morning, I go for a brisk walk every day; Rising early in the morning, I used to go for a brisk walk in my young days Dropping out from the business school, the shrewd man entered software business to become one of the legends in the history of world. Dropping out from their primary schools because of abject poverty, many wasted children in the third world countries are becoming a burden to the society It must now clear that present participle or past participles do not refer to the tense of the sentence; they are just lexical jargons IMO. In essence, they are in fact, timeless and tenseless expressions.
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Alicia Helle, an online student at the UW, "Obtaining my degree online has been a blessing. With two small children, I am able to work when it is convenient for my family and me. I have nothing but positive comments and experiences from my time at UW-Stout.”
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Last edited by daagh on 15 Mar 2011, 17:21, edited 1 time in total.
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Re: SC: Frederick Douglas [#permalink]
15 Mar 2011, 21:18
gmataquaguy wrote: Too old to bear arms himself, Frederick Douglass served as a recruiting agent, traveled through the North to exhort Black men to join the Union army.
(A) traveled through the North to exhort
(B) and he traveled through the North and exhorted
(C) and traveling through the North exhorted
(D) traveling through the North and exhorted
(E) traveling through the North and exhorting
After answering the question could someone respond to my query please:
Although the OA is pretty obvious, how would you syntactically show for the aforementioned construct that "served" and "exhorted" are parallel verbs with "traveling" used as a participle for recruiting agent?
IC, participle and IC with the verb elements from both the IC's being at the "same level" of recursiveness? One more for E. Exhorted should be parallel to travelling not to served ..
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Re: SC: Frederick Douglas [#permalink]
16 Mar 2011, 04:22
@daagh I am trying to climb the ropes. From your explanations, for : Point 1, Can we conclude that past participle will take the third form of verb whenever take place in past participle phrase to modify subsequesnt noun? Obviously, we need not to consider the phrases with -ing forms of participle. Your eg sentence on Maditerranean sounds perfect to me So we are good here...  Point 2 From Noun, I meant the noun which will be modified by the past participial phrase. By PAST, I meant nouns getting worked upon by main verbs in past as in timeframe. And that is why, I am kind of not sure of this sentence "Annoyed by the student behavior, the principal is angry" If you can confirm the source for the above sentence, it would definitely be clear that participial phrases can modify Nouns in past as well as present timeframes. Question Time  As said in my last post, my grammar book source "Grammar for Teachers" said that applicability of past participial phrases comes from Passive structure in phrase(not the main sentence). I tried to look into internet more for this, but to no avail. Your sample sentence however deviates from this rule setup, which again forces me to ask for the source of the below illustrated sentence. I feel like I have seen it in some GMAT book, but cant recollect it.  Targeted mainly for its affluence in the medieval era, India was battered by a series of raids by the Mediterranean empires. daagh wrote: joshnsit wrote Quote: Point 1. "Past participles will always take the form of simple past ", -- Do they always take the form of simple Past? Look at the following past participial forms. Eat - ate - eaten Eg: Eaten in the Mediterranean, tomatoes were once considered dangerous plants by Europeans Here are some more examples of past participles in non past-tense forms. Please note that these past participles can not function as past tense verbs. There are so many more. Arise Arose Arisen Shrink shrank shrunk – Bear - bore - borne Begin began begun Withdraw withdrew withdrawn Drink drank drunk Point 2. Quote: Because they modify nouns in PAST. That is why they are PAST participles. —could you Pl clarify what exactly you mean by calling nouns in the past. Does a noun have a present, past or future? Well! According to me nope; First thing is that the grammar book you have quoted does not connect past participle with past tense; it connects participle only with passive voice. Passive voice can be expressed both in present and past tense. Should a past participle be connected only with past tense or can it be connected with present tense also? Let’s see. Annoyed by the student behavior, the principal was angry Annoyed by the student behavior, the principal is angry Both the above are perfectly legal sentences. Few more examples Targeted by aspirants of management studies in the US mainly, the GMAT is a bench mark test. Targeted mainly for its affluence in the medieval era, India was battered by a series of raids by the Mediterranean empires. Similarly, can a present participle using a verb+ing form be used both in present tens and past tense?’ Eg: Rising early in the morning, I go for a brisk walk every day; Rising early in the morning, I used to go for a brisk walk in my young Dropping out from the business school, the shrewd man entered business to biome one of the legends in the history of world. Dropping out form their primary schools because of abject poverty, many wasted children in the third world countries are becoming a burden to the society It must now clear that present participle or past participles do not refer to the tense of the sentence; they are just lexical jargons IMO. In essence, they are in fact, timeless and tenseless expressions. _________________
If you know what you're worth, then go out and get what you're worth. But you gotta be willing to take the hits, and not pointing fingers saying you ain't where you wanna be because of anybody! Cowards do that and You're better than that!
The path is long, but self-surrender makes it short; the way is difficult, but perfect trust makes it easy.
Fire the final bullet only when you are constantly hitting the Bull's eye, till then KEEP PRACTICING.
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Re: SC: Frederick Douglas [#permalink]
16 Mar 2011, 04:35
For all my writings, I am myself the source. You are welcome to take them or leave them
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Re: SC: Frederick Douglas [#permalink]
24 Mar 2011, 22:48
joshnsit wrote: Too old to bear arms himself, Frederick Douglass served as a recruiting agent, traveled through the North to exhort Black men to join the Union army.
(A) traveled through the North to exhort
(B) and he traveled through the North and exhorted
(C) and traveling through the North exhorted
(D) traveling through the North and exhorted
(E) traveling through the North and exhorting
I selected A for the demand of "Past Participle" in the sentence (and selected A) rather than a "Present Participle" (and selecting E).
Can you tell why you used Present Participle instead of Past Participle? Doesn't (A) have a modifier problem, here you have "comma + traveled", modifying agent, when it should be modifying Frederick Douglass?
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Re: SC: Frederick Douglas [#permalink]
25 Mar 2011, 04:11
One more for E. Traveling and Exhorting are parallel.
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Re: SC: Frederick Douglas [#permalink]
15 Apr 2011, 07:18
daagh Your last 2 posts make complete sense now. The below link + last chapter on "Grammar for Teachers" has helped a lot. http://grammar.about.com/od/pq/g/particterm.htmjoshnsit wrote: @daagh I am trying to climb the ropes. From your explanations, for : Point 1, Can we conclude that past participle will take the third form of verb whenever take place in past participle phrase to modify subsequesnt noun? Obviously, we need not to consider the phrases with -ing forms of participle. Your eg sentence on Maditerranean sounds perfect to me So we are good here... Point 2 From Noun, I meant the noun which will be modified by the past participial phrase. By PAST, I meant nouns getting worked upon by main verbs in past as in timeframe. And that is why, I am kind of not sure of this sentence "Annoyed by the student behavior, the principal is angry" If you can confirm the source for the above sentence, it would definitely be clear that participial phrases can modify Nouns in past as well as present timeframes. Question Time As said in my last post, my grammar book source "Grammar for Teachers" said that applicability of past participial phrases comes from Passive structure in phrase(not the main sentence). I tried to look into internet more for this, but to no avail. Your sample sentence however deviates from this rule setup, which again forces me to ask for the source of the below illustrated sentence. I feel like I have seen it in some GMAT book, but cant recollect it. Targeted mainly for its affluence in the medieval era, India was battered by a series of raids by the Mediterranean empires. daagh wrote: joshnsit wrote Quote: Point 1. "Past participles will always take the form of simple past ", -- Do they always take the form of simple Past? Look at the following past participial forms. Eat - ate - eaten Eg: Eaten in the Mediterranean, tomatoes were once considered dangerous plants by Europeans Here are some more examples of past participles in non past-tense forms. Please note that these past participles can not function as past tense verbs. There are so many more. Arise Arose Arisen Shrink shrank shrunk – Bear - bore - borne Begin began begun Withdraw withdrew withdrawn Drink drank drunk Point 2. Quote: Because they modify nouns in PAST. That is why they are PAST participles. —could you Pl clarify what exactly you mean by calling nouns in the past. Does a noun have a present, past or future? Well! According to me nope; First thing is that the grammar book you have quoted does not connect past participle with past tense; it connects participle only with passive voice. Passive voice can be expressed both in present and past tense. Should a past participle be connected only with past tense or can it be connected with present tense also? Let’s see. Annoyed by the student behavior, the principal was angry Annoyed by the student behavior, the principal is angry Both the above are perfectly legal sentences. Few more examples Targeted by aspirants of management studies in the US mainly, the GMAT is a bench mark test. Targeted mainly for its affluence in the medieval era, India was battered by a series of raids by the Mediterranean empires. Similarly, can a present participle using a verb+ing form be used both in present tens and past tense?’ Eg: Rising early in the morning, I go for a brisk walk every day; Rising early in the morning, I used to go for a brisk walk in my young Dropping out from the business school, the shrewd man entered business to biome one of the legends in the history of world. Dropping out form their primary schools because of abject poverty, many wasted children in the third world countries are becoming a burden to the society It must now clear that present participle or past participles do not refer to the tense of the sentence; they are just lexical jargons IMO. In essence, they are in fact, timeless and tenseless expressions. _________________
If you know what you're worth, then go out and get what you're worth. But you gotta be willing to take the hits, and not pointing fingers saying you ain't where you wanna be because of anybody! Cowards do that and You're better than that!
The path is long, but self-surrender makes it short; the way is difficult, but perfect trust makes it easy.
Fire the final bullet only when you are constantly hitting the Bull's eye, till then KEEP PRACTICING.
Failure establishes only this, that our determination to succeed was not strong enough.
Press +1 Kudos, if you think my post gave u a tiny tip.
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Re: SC: Frederick Douglas [#permalink]
08 May 2011, 13:44
gtr022001 wrote: joshnsit wrote: Too old to bear arms himself, Frederick Douglass served as a recruiting agent, traveled through the North to exhort Black men to join the Union army.
(A) traveled through the North to exhort
(B) and he traveled through the North and exhorted
(C) and traveling through the North exhorted
(D) traveling through the North and exhorted
(E) traveling through the North and exhorting
I selected A for the demand of "Past Participle" in the sentence (and selected A) rather than a "Present Participle" (and selecting E).
Can you tell why you used Present Participle instead of Past Participle? Doesn't (A) have a modifier problem, here you have "comma + traveled", modifying agent, when it should be modifying Frederick Douglass? @gtr022001 If "Comma + traveled" has modifier problem, then with the same logic, it would be the case with "comma + travelling" with E also, which is OA. @Daagh I understand that it is a problem with identification of a participle qualifying a main clause with main purpose verb as specified by you in earlier post (which is "Frederick Douglass served as a recruiting agent" here). My question here is how should we identify whether Past Participle or Present Participle will fit in, when either of them can be used as modifier. I am assuming "secondary purpose verb" as(=) "participle" as per our defining lingo. How do you define the perference of "travelling" over "traveled" as secondary purpose verb/participle, when both of them can be used for modifying the primary purpose verb? I hope we cant select a form of secondary purpose verb/participle just for the sake of parallelism(travelling and exhorting) which seems to be existent in E.
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If you know what you're worth, then go out and get what you're worth. But you gotta be willing to take the hits, and not pointing fingers saying you ain't where you wanna be because of anybody! Cowards do that and You're better than that!
The path is long, but self-surrender makes it short; the way is difficult, but perfect trust makes it easy.
Fire the final bullet only when you are constantly hitting the Bull's eye, till then KEEP PRACTICING.
Failure establishes only this, that our determination to succeed was not strong enough.
Press +1 Kudos, if you think my post gave u a tiny tip.
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Re: SC: Frederick Douglas [#permalink]
15 May 2011, 15:59
here is a different take on the question: frederick-douglass-94409.html
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Re: SC: Frederick Douglas [#permalink]
15 May 2011, 17:42
gtr022001 wrote: here is a different take on the question: frederick-douglass-94409.htmlHow is it different? How does it get rid of choice A? I am still looking for exact explanation. SC Gurus... Kindly help..
_________________
If you know what you're worth, then go out and get what you're worth. But you gotta be willing to take the hits, and not pointing fingers saying you ain't where you wanna be because of anybody! Cowards do that and You're better than that!
The path is long, but self-surrender makes it short; the way is difficult, but perfect trust makes it easy.
Fire the final bullet only when you are constantly hitting the Bull's eye, till then KEEP PRACTICING.
Failure establishes only this, that our determination to succeed was not strong enough.
Press +1 Kudos, if you think my post gave u a tiny tip.
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Re: SC: Frederick Douglas
[#permalink]
15 May 2011, 17:42
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