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Toxicologist: A survey of oil-refinery workers who work with

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Toxicologist: A survey of oil-refinery workers who work with [#permalink] New post 25 Sep 2012, 20:44
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Toxicologist: A survey of oil-refinery workers who work with MBTE, an ingredient currently used in some smog-reducing gasoline, found an alarming incidence of complaints about headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Since gasoline containing MBTE will soon be widely used, we can expect an increased incidence of headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath.

Each of the following, if true, strengthens the toxicologist’s argument EXCEPT:

(A) Most oil-refinery workers who do not work with MBTE do not have serious health problems involving headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
(B) Headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath are among the symptoms of several medical conditions that are potentially serious threats to public health.
(C) Since the time when gasoline containing MBTE was first introduced in a few metropolitan areas, those areas reported an increase in the number of complaints about headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
(D) Regions in which only gasoline containing MBTE is used have a much greater incidence of headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath than do similar regions in which only MBTE-free gasoline is used.
(E) The oil-refinery workers surveyed were carefully selected to be representative of the broader population in their medical histories prior to exposure to MBTE, as well as in other relevant respects.
[Reveal] Spoiler: OA

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Last edited by getgyan on 28 Sep 2012, 00:51, edited 1 time in total.
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Re: Toxicologist: A survey of oil-refinery workers [#permalink] New post 25 Sep 2012, 21:48
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getgyan wrote:
Toxicologist: A survey of oil-refinery workers who work with MBTE, an ingredient currently used in some smog-reducing gasoline, found an alarming incidence of complaints about headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Since gasoline containing MBTE will soon be widely used, we can expect an increased incidence of headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath.

Each of the following, if true, strengthens the toxicologist’s argument EXCEPT:

(A) Most oil-refinery workers who do not work with MBTE do not have serious health problems involving headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
(B) Headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath are among the symptoms of several medical conditions that are potentially serious threats to public health.
(C) Since the time when gasoline containing MBTE was first introduced in a few metropolitan areas, those areas reported an increase in the number of complaints about headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
(D) Regions in which only gasoline containing MBTE is used have a much greater incidence of headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath than do similar regions in which only MBTE-free gasoline is used.
(E) The oil-refinery workers surveyed were carefully selected to be representative of the broader population in their medical histories prior to exposure to MBTE, as well as in other relevant respects.


In my opinion it should be B, as it adds no value to the argument and all other strengthen the argument in one way or the other. Please provide an OA

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Re: Toxicologist: A survey of oil-refinery workers [#permalink] New post 25 Sep 2012, 23:24
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It is a clean B. The rest all work as an extra premise substantiating the fact that MTB... is hazardous
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Re: Toxicologist: A survey of oil-refinery workers [#permalink] New post 26 Sep 2012, 04:29
can someone explain y its not A
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Re: Toxicologist: A survey of oil-refinery workers [#permalink] New post 26 Sep 2012, 05:16
Reposted below !!!!
Sorry was posting from cellphone earlier!!!
Posted from my mobile device Image
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Last edited by methevoid on 26 Sep 2012, 06:03, edited 1 time in total.
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Re: Toxicologist: A survey of oil-refinery workers [#permalink] New post 26 Sep 2012, 05:29
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A says that people who do not work with MBTE do not get affected by those illnesses,
thus suggesting that only those refinery people get affected by those illnesses who work with MBTE.
This strengthens the argument, but we are looking for something that either weakens or does not affect the reasoning.

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Re: Toxicologist: A survey of oil-refinery workers [#permalink] New post 26 Sep 2012, 08:58
supriyas2 wrote:
can someone explain y its not A



Look at the question. It says every option strengthens except one. We have to find out which one. If you look at A it is telling people working away from MBTE are not having any problems. So it actually strengthens the argument right?
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Re: Toxicologist: A survey of oil-refinery workers [#permalink] New post 28 Sep 2012, 00:50
+1 B

It is a “Strengthen” type

Premise – A survey of oil-refinery workers who work with MBTE, an ingredient currently used in some smog-reducing gasoline, found an alarming incidence of complaints about headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
Conclusion – gasoline containing MBTE will soon be widely used, we can expect an increased incidence of headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath

Cause(C) - ingredient currently used in some smog-reducing gasoline
Effect(E) - headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath


Any option which strengthen the conclusion is NOT our answer

(A) Most oil-refinery workers who do not work with MBTE do not have serious health problems involving headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath. (This option strengthen the conclusion as there was no “effect” because the “cause” was absent)
(B) Headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath are among the symptoms of several medical conditions that are potentially serious threats to public health. (This does not affect the conclusion in any way and is thus our answer)
(C) Since the time when gasoline containing MBTE was first introduced in a few metropolitan areas, those areas reported an increase in the number of complaints about headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath. (The “cause” was present and therefore the “effect” was present, strengthening the conclusion)
(D) Regions in which only gasoline containing MBTE is used have a much greater incidence of headaches, fatigue, and shortness of breath than do similar regions in which only MBTE-free gasoline is used. (Reason same as above)
(E) The oil-refinery workers surveyed were carefully selected to be representative of the broader population in their medical histories prior to exposure to MBTE, as well as in other relevant respects. (This option strengthen the conclusion as it shows that the sample chosen for survey were representative of the population)

:-D
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Re: Toxicologist: A survey of oil-refinery workers   [#permalink] 28 Sep 2012, 00:50
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