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# Which of the following represents the complete range of x

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Which of the following represents the complete range of x [#permalink]  08 Feb 2011, 08:29
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Which of the following represents the complete range of x over which x^3 – 4x^5 < 0?

A. 0 < |x| < ½
B. |x| > ½
C. –½ < x < 0 or ½ < x
D. x < –½ or 0 < x < ½
E. x < –½ or x > 0
[Reveal] Spoiler: OA

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Re: Everything is Less Than Zero [#permalink]  08 Feb 2011, 08:41
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gmatpapa wrote:
Which of the following represents the complete range of x over which x^3 - 4x^5 < 0?

(A) 0 < |x| < ½
(B) |x| > ½
(C) –½ < x < 0 or ½ < x
(D) x < –½ or 0 < x < ½
(E) x < –½ or x > 0

Basically we are asked to find the range of x for which x^3-4x^5<0 is true.

x^3-4x^5<0 --> x^3(1-4x^2)<0 --> (1+2x)*x^3*(1-2x)<0 --> roots are -1/2, 0, and 1/2 --> -\frac{1}{2}<x<0 or x>\frac{1}{2}.

Check this for more: inequalities-trick-91482.html
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Re: Everything is Less Than Zero [#permalink]  13 Feb 2011, 21:05
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subhashghosh wrote:
Hi Bunuel

I'm getting D as answer :

x^3(1-2x)(1+2x) < 0

-ve --- -1/2---- +ve--- 0----- -ve-----1/2--- +ve
Could you please explain where I'm wrong ?

Regards,
Subhash

Even though your question is directed to Bunuel, I will give a quick explanation.

The concept of the rightmost section being positive is applicable when every term is positive in the rightmost region. This is the case whenever the expressions involved are of the form (x - a) or (ax - b) etc. When you have a term such as (1-2x), the rightmost region becomes negative. So either, as Bunuel mentioned, check for an extreme value of x or convert (1-2x) to (2x - 1) and flip the sign to >.
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Save $100 on Veritas Prep GMAT Courses And Admissions Consulting Enroll now. Pay later. Take advantage of Veritas Prep's flexible payment plan options. Veritas Prep Reviews Math Expert Joined: 02 Sep 2009 Posts: 19052 Followers: 3371 Kudos [?]: 24529 [6] , given: 2680 Re: Everything is Less Than Zero [#permalink] 10 Feb 2011, 02:28 6 This post received KUDOS Expert's post 1 This post was BOOKMARKED 144144 wrote: Thanks Bunuel. +1 A question - what is the best way u use to know if the "good" area is above or below? i mean - what was the best way for u to know that its between -1/2 to 0 i used numbers ex. 1/4 but it consumes time! is there any better technique? thanks. Check the link in my previous post. There are beautiful explanations by gurpreetsingh and Karishma. General idea is as follows: We have: (1+2x)*x^3*(1-2x)<0 --> roots are -1/2, 0, and 1/2 (equate the expressions to zero to get the roots and list them in ascending order), this gives us 4 ranges: x<-\frac{1}{2}, -\frac{1}{2}<x<0, 0<x<\frac{1}{2} and x>\frac{1}{2} --> now, test some extreme value: for example if x is very large number than first two terms ((1+2x) and x) will be positive but the third term will be negative which gives the negative product, so when x>\frac{1}{2} the expression is negative. Now the trick: as in the 4th range expression is negative then in 3rd it'll be positive, in 2nd it'l be negative again and finally in 1st it'll be positive: + - + -. So, the ranges when the expression is negative are: -\frac{1}{2}<x<0 (2nd range) or x>\frac{1}{2} (4th range). Hope its clear. _________________ VP Status: Final Lap Up!!! Affiliations: NYK Line Joined: 21 Sep 2012 Posts: 1096 Location: India GMAT 1: 410 Q35 V11 GMAT 2: 530 Q44 V20 GMAT 3: 630 Q45 V31 GPA: 3.84 WE: Engineering (Transportation) Followers: 32 Kudos [?]: 247 [3] , given: 67 Re: Which of the following represents the complete range of x [#permalink] 01 Nov 2012, 15:06 3 This post received KUDOS Bunuel Thanx a trillion for your post on solving inequalities using graph You know i paid over 300$ to test prep institutes but got nothing out of it.......when i asked such basic question the tutor got frustrated and insulted me.....But hats off to you... MAx wat will i give 1 kudo......
Wat an expeirence it has been with GMAt club

Thanx a lot Bunuel

Trillion kudos to you and Hats off to you for addressing problems with patience..............I cant express myself how satisfied i am feeling.
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Re: Which of the following represents the complete range of x [#permalink]  01 Aug 2013, 23:21
2
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VeritasPrepKarishma wrote:
lesnin wrote:
Hi All,

Could I conclude that for this case i.e (1+2x)*x^3*(1-2x)<0
even if one of the terms <0, that does not necessarily mean that the entire product of the 3 terms <0.
Cause like if the eq was (1+2x)*x^3*(1-2x)= 0 ....I could have safely concluded that
However in this case for the entire product <0.. either 1 terms or 2 terms or even all 3 terms can be - ve.

When you have product of two or more terms, the product will be negative only when odd number of terms are negative i.e. either only one term is negative and rest are positive or only 3 terms are negative and rest are positive or only 5 terms are negative and rest are positive.
(-)(+)(+) = (-)
(-)(-)(+) = (+)
(-)(-)(-) = (-)

According to me answer should be

x^3(1-4x^2)<0
x^3(1-2x)(1+2x)<0

+ (-1/2) - (0) + (1/2) -

If less than 0, select (-) curves.

Answer: -1/2 < x < 0 or 1/2 < x ==> C

I solved all the the difficult inequality questions using this technqiue.I guess i am missing something.
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Re: Everything is Less Than Zero [#permalink]  02 Mar 2011, 18:12
1
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Expert's post
gmat1220 wrote:
Karishma
I flipped the sign before. So I got x^3(2x-1)(2x-1) > 0

2 cases - both +ve or both -ve

case 1
-------
x > 0 and |x| > 1/2. Hence x > 1/2

case 2
------
x < 0 and 4x^2 - 1 < 0
x < 0 and -1/2 < x < 1/2
Taking the most restrictive value-
-1/2 < x < 0

I hope this is correct. Btw this is 750 level in 2 mins.

Yes, it is correct... and since you know what you are doing, you will need to work very hard to fall short of time on GMAT.
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Save $100 on Veritas Prep GMAT Courses And Admissions Consulting Enroll now. Pay later. Take advantage of Veritas Prep's flexible payment plan options. Veritas Prep Reviews Veritas Prep GMAT Instructor Joined: 16 Oct 2010 Posts: 4668 Location: Pune, India Followers: 1075 Kudos [?]: 4788 [1] , given: 163 Re: Everything is Less Than Zero [#permalink] 20 Jun 2012, 21:42 1 This post received KUDOS Expert's post gmatpapa wrote: Which of the following represents the complete range of x over which x^3 - 4x^5 < 0? (A) 0 < |x| < ½ (B) |x| > ½ (C) –½ < x < 0 or ½ < x (D) x < –½ or 0 < x < ½ (E) x < –½ or x > 0 Responding to a pm: The problem is the same here. How do you solve this inequality: (1+2x)*x^3*(1-2x)<0 Again, there are 2 ways - The long algebraic method: When is (1+2x)*x^3*(1-2x) negative? When only one of the terms is negative or all 3 are negative. There will be too many cases to consider so this is painful. The number line method: Multiply both sides of (1+2x)*x^3*(1-2x)<0 by -1 to get (2x + 1)*x^3*(2x - 1)>0 Take out 2 common to get 2(x + 1/2)*x^3*2(x - 1/2)>0 [because you want each term to be of the form (x + a) or (x - a)] Now plot them on the number line and get the regions where this inequality holds. Basically, you need to go through this entire post: inequalities-trick-91482.html _________________ Karishma Veritas Prep | GMAT Instructor My Blog Save$100 on Veritas Prep GMAT Courses And Admissions Consulting
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Re: Which of the following represents the complete range of x [#permalink]  15 Nov 2012, 18:03
1
KUDOS
Expert's post
lesnin wrote:
Hi All,

Could I conclude that for this case i.e (1+2x)*x^3*(1-2x)<0
even if one of the terms <0, that does not necessarily mean that the entire product of the 3 terms <0.
Cause like if the eq was (1+2x)*x^3*(1-2x)= 0 ....I could have safely concluded that
However in this case for the entire product <0.. either 1 terms or 2 terms or even all 3 terms can be - ve.

When you have product of two or more terms, the product will be negative only when odd number of terms are negative i.e. either only one term is negative and rest are positive or only 3 terms are negative and rest are positive or only 5 terms are negative and rest are positive.
(-)(+)(+) = (-)
(-)(-)(+) = (+)
(-)(-)(-) = (-)
_________________

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Veritas Prep | GMAT Instructor
My Blog

Save $100 on Veritas Prep GMAT Courses And Admissions Consulting Enroll now. Pay later. Take advantage of Veritas Prep's flexible payment plan options. Veritas Prep Reviews Veritas Prep GMAT Instructor Joined: 16 Oct 2010 Posts: 4668 Location: Pune, India Followers: 1075 Kudos [?]: 4788 [1] , given: 163 Re: Which of the following represents the complete range of x [#permalink] 09 Jul 2013, 20:08 1 This post received KUDOS Expert's post WholeLottaLove wrote: Which of the following represents the complete range of x over which x^3 – 4x^5 < 0? x^3 – 4x^5 < 0 x^3(1-4x^2) < 0 (1-4x^2) < 0 1 < 4x^2 √1 < √4x^2 (when you take the square root of 4x^2 you take the square root of a square so...) 1 < |2x| 1<(2x) 1/2 < x OR 1<-2x -1/2>x I am still a bit confused as to how we get 0. I see how it is done with the "root" method but my way of solving was just a bit different. Any thoughts? The step in red above is your problem. How did you get rid of x^3? Can you divide both sides by x^3 when you have an inequality? You don't know whether x^3 is positive or negative. If you divide both sides by x^3 and x^3 is negative, the sign will flip. So you must retain the x^3 and that will give you 3 transition points (-1/2, 0 , 1/2) Even in equations, it is not a good idea to cancel off x from both sides. You might lose a solution in that case x = 0 e.g. x(x - 1) = 0 (x - 1) = 0 x = 1 (Incomplete) x(x-1) = 0 x = 0 or 1 (Correct) _________________ Karishma Veritas Prep | GMAT Instructor My Blog Save$100 on Veritas Prep GMAT Courses And Admissions Consulting
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Re: Everything is Less Than Zero [#permalink]  23 Mar 2014, 19:52
1
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Expert's post
seabhi wrote:
Bunuel wrote:
gmatpapa wrote:
Which of the following represents the complete range of x over which x^3 - 4x^5 < 0?

(A) 0 < |x| < ½
(B) |x| > ½
(C) –½ < x < 0 or ½ < x
(D) x < –½ or 0 < x < ½
(E) x < –½ or x > 0

Basically we are asked to find the range of x for which x^3-4x^5<0 is true.

x^3-4x^5<0 --> x^3(1-4x^2)<0 --> (1+2x)*x^3*(1-2x)<0 --> roots are -1/2, 0, and 1/2 --> -\frac{1}{2}<x<0 or x>\frac{1}{2}.

Check this for more: inequalities-trick-91482.html

Hi Bunuel,
I tried the trick, however using the equation I am getting different ranges.
below is what I did ..
1) f(x) <0
2) roots are -1/2 , 0, 1/2

- (-1/2) + 0 - 1/2 +
starting from + from right.

now as per this
x< -1/2 and 0<x<1/2

can you advice where I went wrong...

The factors must be of the form (x - a), (x - b) etc. Notice that one factor here is of the form (1 - 2x). You need to change this.

(1+2x)*x^3*(1-2x)<0
2(x + 1/2)*x^3*2(x - 1/2) > 0 (note the sign flip)

Now the factors are of the form required and it is clear that the transition points are -1/2, 0, 1/2.

The required range is x > 1/2 or -1/2 < x< 0
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Re: Everything is Less Than Zero [#permalink]  09 Feb 2011, 22:41
Thanks Bunuel. +1

A question - what is the best way u use to know if the "good" area is above or below?

i mean - what was the best way for u to know that its between -1/2 to 0

i used numbers ex. 1/4 but it consumes time! is there any better technique?

thanks.
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Re: Everything is Less Than Zero [#permalink]  13 Feb 2011, 20:31
Hi Bunuel

I'm getting D as answer :

x^3(1-2x)(1+2x) < 0

-ve --- -1/2---- +ve--- 0----- -ve-----1/2--- +ve
Could you please explain where I'm wrong ?

Regards,
Subhash
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Re: Everything is Less Than Zero [#permalink]  02 Mar 2011, 17:04
Expert's post
1
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BOOKMARKED
ajit257 wrote:
Bunuel wrote:
gmatpapa wrote:
Which of the following represents the complete range of x over which x^3 - 4x^5 < 0?

(A) 0 < |x| < ½
(B) |x| > ½
(C) –½ < x < 0 or ½ < x
(D) x < –½ or 0 < x < ½
(E) x < –½ or x > 0

Basically we are asked to find the range of x for which x^3-4x^5<0 is true.

x^3-4x^5<0 --> x^3(1-4x^2)<0 --> (1+2x)*x^3*(1-2x)<0 --> roots are -1/2, 0, and 1/2 --> -\frac{1}{2}<x<0 or x>\frac{1}{2}.

Check this for more: inequalities-trick-91482.html

Bunuel...I got x<0, X>1/2 and x< -1/2. How do you get -1/2< x

Solving inequalities:
x2-4x-94661.html#p731476
inequalities-trick-91482.html
data-suff-inequalities-109078.html
range-for-variable-x-in-a-given-inequality-109468.html?hilit=extreme#p873535
everything-is-less-than-zero-108884.html?hilit=extreme#p868863

Hope it helps.
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Re: Everything is Less Than Zero [#permalink]  02 Mar 2011, 17:40
Karishma
I flipped the sign before. So I got x^3(2x-1)(2x-1) > 0

2 cases - both +ve or both -ve

case 1
-------
x > 0 and |x| > 1/2. Hence x > 1/2

case 2
------
x < 0 and 4x^2 - 1 < 0
x < 0 and -1/2 < x < 1/2
Taking the most restrictive value-
-1/2 < x < 0

I hope this is correct. Btw this is 750 level in 2 mins.

VeritasPrepKarishma wrote:
subhashghosh wrote:
Hi Bunuel

I'm getting D as answer :

x^3(1-2x)(1+2x) < 0

-ve --- -1/2---- +ve--- 0----- -ve-----1/2--- +ve
Could you please explain where I'm wrong ?

Regards,
Subhash

Even though your question is directed to Bunuel, I will give a quick explanation.

The concept of the rightmost section being positive is applicable when every term is positive in the rightmost region. This is the case whenever the expressions involved are of the form (x - a) or (ax - b) etc. When you have a term such as (1-2x), the rightmost region becomes negative. So either, as Bunuel mentioned, check for an extreme value of x or convert (1-2x) to (2x - 1) and flip the sign to >.
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Re: Everything is Less Than Zero [#permalink]  04 Mar 2011, 01:52
Expert's post
ajit257 wrote:
Bunuel...I still did not get it.

so i get |x| > 1/2 which gives me x>1/2 and x<-1/2 and x < 0. Please could you tell me where I am going wrong. Thanks for you patience.

|x| > 1/2 means that x<-1/2 or x>1/2.

The range you wrote is wrong also because x<-1/2 and x < 0 doesn't makes any sense.

Check Walker's post on absolute values for more: math-absolute-value-modulus-86462.html
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Re: Which of the following represents the complete range of x [#permalink]  21 Jun 2012, 18:11
Also the lnk is best for summary as well that you posted.
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Re: Which of the following represents the complete range of x [#permalink]  15 Nov 2012, 12:58
Hi All,

Could I conclude that for this case i.e (1+2x)*x^3*(1-2x)<0
even if one of the terms <0, that does not necessarily mean that the entire product of the 3 terms <0.
Cause like if the eq was (1+2x)*x^3*(1-2x)= 0 ....I could have safely concluded that
However in this case for the entire product <0.. either 1 terms or 2 terms or even all 3 terms can be - ve.
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Re: Which of the following represents the complete range of x [#permalink]  06 Dec 2012, 03:15
Using the amazing technique:

x^3(1-4x^2)<0
x^3(1-2x)(1+2x)<0

+ (-1/2) - (0) + (1/2) -

If less than 0, select (-) curves.

Answer: -1/2 < x < 0 or 1/2 < x ==> C
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Re: Which of the following represents the complete range of x [#permalink]  17 Jun 2013, 04:52
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Re: Which of the following represents the complete range of x   [#permalink] 17 Jun 2013, 04:52
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