![\"\"](\"https:\/\/gmatclub.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/ptg01882289-150x150.jpg\" "\\"ptg01882289\\"")
Before a discussion of this cluster of idioms, take a look at these practice GMAT Sentence Correction questions.<\/p>\nBefore a discussion of this cluster of idioms, take a look at these practice GMAT Sentence Correction questions.<\/p>\n
1)\u00a0Supply-side economics<\/a>\u00a0believes\u00a0in the national economy growing most vigorously both through reducing taxes, especially taxes affecting large movements of capital, and by the elimination of\u00a0the regulations that prevent business from performing optimally.<\/p>\n 2) The idea\u00a0of all men being\u00a0equal<\/a>, cited in the Declaration of Independence and from there, having been quoted extensively on numerous occasions, arguably first to appear\u00a0in\u00a0Hobbes<\/a>'\u00a0Leviathan<\/em>.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n This post concerns the idioms surrounding the use of \"idea\" words:\u00a0idea<\/strong>,\u00a0belief<\/strong>,\u00a0view<\/strong>,\u00a0doctrine<\/strong>,\u00a0dogma<\/strong>,\u00a0principle<\/strong>,\u00a0hypothesis<\/strong>,\u00a0theory<\/strong>,\u00a0teaching<\/strong>,\u00a0ideology<\/strong>, etc.\u00a0\u00a0 What are the correct idioms to use with these words: belief in? principle of?\u00a0 doctrine that?\u00a0 Let's sort all this out.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n First of all, the idiom is very different depending on whether we talking about the source of the idea or the content of the idea.\u00a0 Here, let's focus first on the\u00a0source<\/strong>.\u00a0\u00a0 This includes not only the person who cooked up the idea, but also all the folks who in one way or another \"interact<\/strong>\" with the idea, by agreeing, disagreeing, supporting, disproving, etc.<\/p>\n For the\u00a0source or other interaction, we can use either a \"that\"\/\"which\" subordinate clause <\/p>\n In contrast to talking about the source of the idea or other people's relationship to the idea, the GMAT will also talk about what ideas\u00a0actually say<\/strong>.\u00a0\u00a0 For what idea\u00a0is actually saying, the thought embodied in it ----- this is tricky. If we are going to name only a single noun, then we can use the prepositions \"about\" or \"of\", or the participle \"concerning,\" but if we are going to describe a complete action, then the GMAT doesn't like cramming an entire action into a prepositional phrase --- for this case, the GMAT would demand either a \"that\"\/\"which\" clause with a full [noun] + [verb] structure. <\/p>\n Having read this post, you may want to give the practice questions another look before reading through the solutions below.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n In both practice questions, we are discussing the\u00a0content\u00a0of the belief\/idea, not the source or how somebody interacts with it.\u00a0\u00a0 Furthermore, in both cases, we are talking about full actions, not just static nouns, so for each, we need a \"that\"\/\"which\" clause.<\/p>\n 1) We need a \"that\" clause, so begin by eliminating\u00a0(A)<\/strong>\u00a0&\u00a0(B)<\/strong>\u00a0&\u00a0(E)<\/strong>.\u00a0\u00a0 We have the parallelism structure \"both P and Q.\"\u00a0 The GMAT does not like variants like \"both P and\u00a0also<\/em>\u00a0Q\" --- that is a problem with\u00a0(D)<\/strong>.\u00a0 Furthermore, we have to be careful with the placement of the\u00a0common word<\/a>\u00a0\"through\": we can put it\u00a0once outside<\/em>\u00a0(\"through both P and Q\") or\u00a0twice inside<\/em>\u00a0(\"both through P and through Q\").\u00a0 Choice\u00a0(D)<\/strong>\u00a0makes a classic GMAT mistake pattern:\u00a0once inside<\/em>\u00a0(\"both through P and Q\").\u00a0 By contrast,\u00a0(C)\u00a0<\/strong>is correct on all these fronts, so it is the best answer.<\/p>\n 2) We need a \"that\" clause, so begin by eliminating\u00a0(A)<\/strong>\u00a0&\u00a0(B)<\/strong>\u00a0&\u00a0(C)<\/strong>.\u00a0\u00a0 Choice\u00a0(D)<\/strong>\u00a0has the ordinary verb in \"all men are equal\", whereas choice\u00a0(E)<\/strong>\u00a0has the strangely hypothetical \"all men would be equal\" ---- when? under what conditions? We are already suspicious.\u00a0 For the main verb, at the end of the underlines section, choice\u00a0(D)<\/strong>\u00a0has the ordinary past tense \"appeared,\" perfectly correct; choice\u00a0(E)<\/strong>\u00a0has the present tense \"appear\", which is unusual, and here the verb is plural, which does agree with the singular verb \"idea.\"\u00a0 Therefore, we can conclusively reject\u00a0(E)<\/strong>\u00a0in favor of\u00a0(D)<\/strong>, the best possible answer.<\/p>\n This post was written by Mike McGarry, GMAT expert at Magoosh<\/a>, and originally posted here<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Before a discussion of this cluster of idioms, take a look at these practice GMAT Sentence Correction questions. 1)\u00a0Supply-side economics\u00a0believes\u00a0in the national economy growing most vigorously both through reducing taxes,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":133,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,783,243,735],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16261","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gmat","category-magoosh-blog","category-blog","category-verbal-gmat-blog","entry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gmatclub.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16261","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gmatclub.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gmatclub.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gmatclub.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/133"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gmatclub.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16261"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/gmatclub.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16261\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16263,"href":"https:\/\/gmatclub.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16261\/revisions\/16263"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gmatclub.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16261"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gmatclub.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16261"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gmatclub.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16261"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
\n
Idea words<\/h2>\n
Source of the idea\/interaction with the idea<\/h2>\n
\n3)\u00a0The doctrine that the pope proclaimed<\/em>\u00a0\u2026.
\n4)\u00a0The idea about which\u00a0<\/em>Darwin<\/em><\/a>\u00a0first wrote<\/em>\u00a0\u2026
\n5)\u00a0The view that\u00a0<\/em>Spinoza<\/em><\/a>\u00a0repudiated<\/em>\u00a0\u2026.
\n6)\u00a0The\u00a0<\/em>theory<\/em><\/a>\u00a0that\u00a0<\/em>Einstein<\/em><\/a>\u00a0supplanted<\/em>\u00a0\u2026.
\nNotice that, in #4, we used the idiom \"to write about.\"\u00a0 We also can use the preposition \"of\" specifically for a source.
\n7)\u00a0The doctrines of\u00a0<\/em>classical Buddhism<\/em><\/a>\u00a0\u2026.
\n8)\u00a0The teachings of\u00a0<\/em>Confucius<\/em><\/a>\u00a0\u2026.
\n9)\u00a0The thought of the\u00a0<\/em>Thomist school<\/em>\u00a0<\/a>\u2026.
\n10)\u00a0The ideology of the\u00a0<\/em>Khmer Rouge<\/em><\/a>\u00a0\u2026.
\nCertain \"interact-with-the-idea\" words have their own idiom.\u00a0 For example, the verbs \"argue\", \"fight\", and \"struggle\" are used with the preposition \"against\":
\n11)\u00a0The view against which\u00a0<\/em>Athanasius<\/em><\/a>\u00a0fought \u2026.
\n<\/em>12)\u00a0The position against which the\u00a0<\/em>Bryan<\/em><\/a>\u00a0argued \u2026.<\/em><\/p>\nThe content of the idea<\/h2>\n
\nNoun-only constructions:
\n13)\u00a0The doctrine of the Prophet Muhammad's\u00a0<\/em>unique status<\/em><\/a>\u00a0among prophets<\/em>\u00a0\u2026.
\n14)\u00a0The doctrine about Christ's\u00a0<\/em>human and divine natures<\/em><\/a>\u00a0\u2026.
\n15)\u00a0The teaching concerning the\u00a0<\/em>afterlife<\/em>\u00a0<\/a>\u2026.
\n16)\u00a0The teachings of\u00a0<\/em>depth psychology\u00a0<\/em><\/a>\u00a0\u2026.
\n17)\u00a0The idea of\u00a0<\/em>hydrostatic equilibrium<\/em><\/a>\u00a0\u2026.
\n18)\u00a0The principle of\u00a0<\/em>least action<\/em><\/a>\u00a0\u2026.
\nFull clause constructions:
\n19)\u00a0The doctrine that Christ\u00a0<\/em>pre-existed<\/em><\/a>\u00a0from all eternity<\/em>
\n20)\u00a0The teaching that the Buddha, in his first sermon, \"<\/em>turned<\/em><\/a>\" the wheel of Dharma<\/em>
\n21)\u00a0The\u00a0<\/em>axiom<\/em><\/a>\u00a0by which the geometric space becomes Euclidean<\/em>
\n22)\u00a0The idea that heavier-than-air machines can\u00a0<\/em>fly<\/em><\/a>
\n23)\u00a0The hypothesis that Francis Bacon\u00a0<\/em>wrote<\/em><\/a>\u00a0Shakespeare's plays<\/em>
\n24)\u00a0The\u00a0<\/em>principle<\/em><\/a>\u00a0that one should counter violence with truth<\/em><\/p>\nSummary<\/h2>\n
Practice question solutions<\/h2>\n