A box contains 10 light bulbs, fewer than half of which are defective.

KarishmaB why in the second statement both defective and non defective are given the same unknown

Shouldnt it be \(2*\frac{d}{10}*\frac{n}{9}\) when "d" is defective and "n" is non defective .

in this case st 2 is not sufficient cause there are two unknowns

Given: \(bulbs=10\) and \(defective=n<5\). Question: \(n=?\)

(1) The probability that the two bulbs to be drawn will be defective is 1/15 --> clearly sufficient, as probability, \(p\), of drawing 2 defective bulbs out of total 10 bulbs, obviously depends on # of defective bulbs, \(n\), so we can calculate uniques value of \(n\) if we are given \(p\).

To show how it can be done: \(\frac{n}{10}*\frac{n-1}{9}=\frac{1}{15}\) --> \(n(n-1)=6\) --> \(n=3\) or \(n=-2\) (not a valid solution as \(n\) represents # of defective bulbs and can not be negative). Sufficient.

(2) The probability that one of the bulbs to be drawn will be defective and the other will not be defective is 7/15 --> also sufficient, but a little bit trickier: if it were 3 defective and 7 good bulbs OR 7 defective and 3 good bulbs, then the probability of drawing one defective and one good bulb would be the same for both cases (symmetric distribution), so info about the probability, 7/15, of drawing one defective and one good bulb would give us 2 values of \(n\) one less than 5 and another more than 5 (their sum would be 10), but as we are given that \(n<5\), we can stiil get unique value of \(n\) which is less than 5.

To show how it can be done: \(2*\frac{n}{10}*\frac{10-n}{9}=\frac{7}{15}\) --> \(n(10-n)=21\) --> \(n=3\) or \(n=7\) (not a valid solution as \(n<5\)). Sufficient.

Answer: D.

Hope it's clear.

Hi Beunel,

Can you please tell me in evaluating option B, Why did you multiply the equation by 2?