D is the right answer.Quote:
A number of seriously interested amateur astronomers have tested the new Exodus refractor telescope. With it, they were able to observe in crisp detail planetary features that were seen only as fuzzy images in their 8-inch (approximately 20-centimeter) Newtonian telescopes, even though the 8-inch telescopes, with their wider apertures, gather more light than the 4-inch (approximately 10-centimeter) Exodus. Given these amateur astronomers’ observational findings, any serious amateur astronomers ought to choose the Exodus if she or he is buying a telescope for planetary observation.
The argument proceeds by
Conclusion: Given these amateur astronomers’ observational findings, any serious amateur astronomers ought to choose the Exodus if she or he is buying a telescope for planetary observation.
What are these findings?
1. A number of seriously interested amateur astronomers have tested the new Exodus refractor telescope.
2. With it, they were able to observe in crisp detail planetary features that were seen only as fuzzy images in their 8-inch (approximately 20-centimeter) Newtonian telescopes, even though the 8-inch telescopes, with their wider apertures, gather more light than the 4-inch (approximately 10-centimeter) Exodus.
So some amateur astronomers have tested a new Exodus refractor telescope and found that they were able to observe planetary features clearer with the new telescopes compared with the Newtonian (old) telescopes. This observation was made notwithstanding that the old telescopes gather more light than the new telescope. As a result of this observation by the amateur astronomers, a recommendation is made for any serious amateur astronomers to choose the Exodus(new) telescopes if she or he is buying a telescope for planetary observation.
We are to determine how the argument proceeds.
Clearly, D is the right answer since the argument is structured in a manner whereby a recommendation is made for amateur astronomers based on the experience or findings of some amateur astronomers.
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(A) evaluating the credibility of claims made by a particular group
Incorrect as no claim was evaluated for credibility in the argument above.
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(B) detailing the ways in which a testing situation approximates the conditions of ordinary use
Incorrect because no testing situation was detailed in the argument above. The argument only talks about a group of amateur astronomers who realized that the Exodus telescope enables them to have a clearer view of planetary features compared to that observed with the Newtonian telescope.
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(C) placing a phenomenon in a wider context in order to explain it
Incorrect because no phenomenon was placed in a wider context in order to explain it in the argument above.
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(D) supporting a recommendation to a group on the basis of the experience of a subset of that group
Correct per the reasoning above.
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(E) distinguishing between the actual reasons why a certain group did a particular thing and the best reasons for doing that thing
Incorrect as no distinction was made between the reasons why a certain group did a particular thing and the best reasons for doing that thing.