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Bunuel
After large numbers of honeybees in Zaronia were found dead, evidence pointed to the possibility that the bees were sickened by the fungicide Voxper, which had recently been introduced into areas where many of the bees had hives. The government banned the use of Voxper, which was no longer used in Zaronia during the three years following the ban. But after three years, bee populations had not recovered and bees were still dying. It can be concluded that Voxper was not in fact the cause of the bees' death.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

A. Honeybees had lived in the affected areas of Zaronia for many years before Voxper was applied.
B. Voxper was found to have adverse effects on insects other than honeybees.
C. The environmental effects of Voxper are unlikely to have persisted for three years following its most recent use.
D. The government ban on Voxper was in force only in areas containing large concentrations of bees.
E. Honey and wax production was essentially unchanged in areas where Voxper was not applied.

Conclusion of the argument: Voxper was not in fact the cause of the bees' death

Support Provided / Line of Reasoning: Three years after the ban on Voxper, bee populations had not recovered and bees were still dying.

Answer Choice Elimination:

A. Honeybees had lived in the affected areas of Zaronia for many years before Voxper was applied.

Not relevant. We have to find an assumption in the line of the reasoning provided.

B. Voxper was found to have adverse effects on insects other than honeybees.

The presented argument is regarding the adverse effects of Voxper on honeybees. Hence, the presented statement is not a necessary assumption for the conclusion.

C. The environmental effects of Voxper are unlikely to have persisted for three years following its most recent use.

Perfect! The author concludes that Voxper was not in fact the cause of the bees' death because even three years after the ban on Voxper, bee populations had not recovered and bees were still dying. Hence, the author assumes that the effects of Voxper are unlikely to have persisted for three years. We can keep this option.

D. The government ban on Voxper was in force only in areas containing large concentrations of bees.

This statement in a way weakens the conclusion. The statements tell us the ban was not implemented in all areas. Hence, we can eliminate this option.

E. Honey and wax production was essentially unchanged in areas where Voxper was not applied.

Irrelevant to the conclusion and is not an assumption. Hence, we can elimiante this option.
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­A: this has no effect on the conclusion. even if honeybees hadn't lived in the affected areas of zaronia for many years before voxper was applied, it wouldn't matter-- we only care whether or not voxper was the cause of death.

B: The conclusion is about the cause of death of honeybees, not any other insects.

C: If the environmental effects HAVE persisted, then perhaps Voxper WAS the cause of the death of the honeybees (Voxper's environmental effects, anyhow).

D: We don't have to assume this for our argument to still work. If we negated this statement such that the gvmt ban ecompassed other areas, its still possible that Voxper is not the cause of death like the conclusion says. The argument doesn't break apart, so this choice can be eliminated.

E: The passage doesn't give us ANY information about honey and wax production, so its unclear how it might relate to the conclusion.
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