After moving to Switzerland in the 1890’s, Albert Einstein attended

Dear DmitryFarber,

Can you please tell me how's B grammatically correct without a comma after "analysis" and before "and"?



I've never seen a V-ing modifier of which two sides are not closed with comma when in between two action verbs that are connected with "and"

Though I know that in case that V-ing is used as an essential modifier (when we don't need a preceding comma) we do not need a succeeding comma.

But here in option B we are given a preceding comma, therefore I believe a succeding comma is a must...

Thank you very much in advance

higuyi
That's simple--B is not grammatically correct. A is the answer, and it makes the two -ing modifiers parallel with no need for a comma.

Hi souvik101990 ,thanks for your explanation.
Need help with one more clarifications please in regards with the option D second part explanation.
Is it ok to say that "and" represents the only right construction in between any two verb parallel form and that "," cant be used in between two verb parallel construction?

After moving to Switzerland in the 1890’s, Albert Einstein attended the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, receiving in-depth training in quantitative analysis and developing a foundation for his future work in mathematical physics.


(A) attended the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, receiving in-depth training in quantitative analysis and developing

(B) attended the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, receiving in-depth training in quantitative analysis and developed

(C) attended the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, received in-depth training in quantitative analysis, and he developed

(D) attended the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, received in-depth training in quantitative analysis, developing

(E) attending the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, receiving in-depth training in quantitative analysis, and developing

This a question about parallelism hence there should be "parallelism marker word" and "list of entities".
parallelism marker word - "and".
Going by the logic "and" can connect 2 entities without comma and more than 2 with comma for the last one.
"A and B" "A , B ,and C"- So the main sentence gives an impression that the word "receiving and developing" (A and B without comma) are part of a common list performing a common action but the word "attended" is a verb and has none to be parallel with (all alone).
So I can deduce the meaning that "receiving and developing" are related to one another in terms of performing a common action and both must have some relation with word "attended".
As a result "receiving and developing" are the outcomes of Albert Einstein's attending of school.
Let's see whether we can eliminate options on the basis of this understanding.

(A) attended the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, receiving in-depth training in quantitative analysis and developing- based on above understanding A seems to be correct.

(B) attended the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, receiving in-depth training in quantitative analysis and developed-
Here we have two errors-
1. receiving ..... and developed .....- receiving and developed is presented to be parallel but "receiving" is a modifier and "developed" is a verb. Modifier cannot be parallel to verb.
2.Let's say you assumed "attended" and "developed" to be parallel because both are verbs, but for this to gramatically correct it should have been written in the following manner-
"attended the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, receiving in-depth training in quantitative analysis, and developed"
in which the modifier ", receiving in-depth training in quantitative analysis, " should have been within commas since it acts as a modifier. The last " , and " construction is mandatory to separate the "modifier phrase" with the "verb phrase" otherwise Error- 1, would have prevailed.

(C) attended the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, received in-depth training in quantitative analysis, and he developed- meaning wise it is incorrect, moreover if it has to be grammatically correct- ",and he developed" - "he" should not be warranted here.

(D) attended the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, received in-depth training in quantitative analysis, developing - "developing..."- verb-ing modifier modifying the previous phrase "received in-depth training in quantitative analysis" which is illogical, moreover if attended and received are parallel it should be joined with "and" conjunction.

(E) attending the Swiss Federal Polytechnic School in Zurich, receiving in-depth training in quantitative analysis, and developing- "attending" , "receiving" , and "developing" are all verb-ing modifiers and there is no VERB for the subject Albert Einstein, so the sentence is NOT an independent clause.