Despite protests from some waste-disposal companies, state health

Hi himanshurajawat , welcome to GMAT Club.

• The verb be does not appear before "published" in option E because that second be is implied.

• The writer has used "splitting the verb" and "ellipsis" to omit words later in the sentence.

The officials have ordered two things.

For the first action, the author writes the entire verb phrase: have ordered that ABC be measured

For the second action, the author does not write the entire verb phrase again.
For the second action, the author "splits" the verb have ordered that ABC be [past participle/verbED]
-- the author repeats only the past participle for the section action (the verbED word published)
-- published is "split" from the rest of the verb phrase. Two parts of that verb phrase are implied.
-- the author does not repeat have ordered that and does not repeat be.

• Why Option E makes sense
Splitting the verb and ellipsis allow us to avoid having to repeat the whole verb phrase a second time.
After the verb is split* and parts of the verb are omitted, the sentence makes sense because we understand what seems to be missing.

Step 1: No ellipsis, option E (verbs are in blue):

State health officials (1) have ordered that the levels of bacteria in seawater at popular beaches be measured and (2) have ordered that the results be published.

Step 2: Split the verb and omit words. The whole first part carries over to the second event, which is indicated only by the word "published."

The author split the command subjunctive construction, which is written this way:
have ordered + that + subject + BE + past participle (verbED)

The verb verb involves no splitting and no ellipsis: have ordered that levels be [measured]
The second verb involves both splitting and ellipsis: and [results] published.
The words have ordered that and be are mentioned only once but carry over to both actions.

The text with strikethrough indicates what the author omitted:

State health officials have ordered that the levels of bacteria in seawater at popular beaches be measured and have ordered that the results be published.

Step 3: View the sentence as it changes.
Remove the text that was stricken. Verbs in boldface type are actually stated and also [imply what has been removed].

State health officials have ordered that the levels of bacteria in seawater at popular beaches be measured and [have ordered that] the results [be] published.
↓↓↓↓↓
State health officials have ordered that the level of bacteria in seawater at popular beaches be measured and the results published.

***
The use of split verbs and ellipsis is fairly common on the GMAT.
Below are three official sentences in which verbs have been split.

Spoiler alert: answers to questions are revealed if you click on the links.
This official question in command subjunctive splits and elides the verb: HERE
This official question, whose structure is sophisticated, splits and elides the verb: HERE
Finally, this official question splits and elides a verb around an idiomatic construction: this official question, here

In other words, the second "be" verb "be" is not missing. Both have ordered that and be are implied for the second task.
I hope that analysis helps.


*Splitting the verb?When we "split" a verb, the first part usually is mentioned only once and is implied before all of the other verbs.

• When a verb consists of more than one word (to study, had walked, be measured, be published), we can "split the verb" by breaking the words apart.
• The first part of the verb is usually mentioned only once, but that first part "distributes" to (applies to, carries over to) the other second parts of that verb.
• Correct: At trial, judges should project fairness, maintain court order, and deliver fair rulings.
The word SHOULD is mentioned one time before project and is implied before maintain and deliver.