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Re: Every year, children are born with neural tube defects, ... [#permalink]
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Official Explanation

Answer: C
This is an explanation question, and also an "except" question, which tends to make things a bit harder. The passage describes the requirement that wheat flour be supplemented with folic acid so that pregnant women consume more folic acid, thus avoiding birth defects. Four of the choices will describe ways in which the supplementation limits birth defects; we're looking for the one that does not: (A) This describes a way in which pregnant women who did not consume enough folic acid will start consuming enough. (B) This choice suggests that the supplementation had a publicity effect that caused people to consume more folic acid. (C) This is correct. The important thing is that pregnant women consume folic acid, not which wheat flour distributors earn the most business. (D) This choice shows that supplementing wheat flour helped reach even those women who would not otherwise take recommendations. (E) This is yet another way in which the supplementation plan helped get more folic acid in the diets of pregnant women.

Hope this helps.
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Re: Every year, children are born with neural tube defects, ... [#permalink]
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Every year, children are born with neural tube defects, which can prevent full
formation of the brain or closing of the base of the spine, causing paralysis. A
primary cause was found to be a deficiency of folic acid, an essential nutrient,
in the diets of pregnant women. To reduce the incidence of these birth defects,
the country of Islandia began to require folic acid supplementation of all wheat
flour. This ensured that everyone received adequate amounts of folic acid in
their diets, thereby preventing neural tube defects in children.

Each of the following, if true, helps to explain how the supplementation of wheat
flour could have prevented neural tube defects in children

EXCEPT

:

(A) Pregnant women whose families did not traditionally eat food containing folic
acid found it easier to supplement their diets with the nutrient when it was already
contained in a staple such as wheat flour.

This choice explains how it was easier for some families to include folic acid rich diet,it explains the plans success cause.

(B) Aware that wheat flour had additional health benefits, Islandia residents
consumed larger amounts of wheat flour than before the supplementation began.

plan spreads awareness and thus plan is succeeding.


(C) The supplementation of folic acid caused wheat flour distributors to more
aggressively compete for customers, who they expected to seek out their products for health reasons.

Correct choice of the question.because wheat flour distributior's competition is out of scope.

(D) Pregnant women who ignored recommended supplements such as folic acid
could not avoid including wheat flour in their daily diet.

Easy understandable. out.

(E) Prompted by the country's emphasis on folic acid supplementation, pregnant
women sought out other foods that naturally contain folic acid.

The motive is to increase the folic acid intake and it is increasing by the awareness about it,supports the plan.
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Re: Every year, children are born with neural tube defects, ... [#permalink]
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Good answer, akashb106. On an unrelated note, shouldn't that be "whom" in response (C) instead of "who"? Can we get a SC expert on that?
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Re: Every year, children are born with neural tube defects, ... [#permalink]
akashb106 wrote:
(A) Pregnant women whose families did not traditionally eat food containing folic
acid found it easier to supplement their diets with the nutrient when it was already
contained in a staple such as wheat flour.--- Incorrect because this explains that families of pregnant women who did not use to eat food containing folic acid, now have the nutrient in their diets because it was contained in wheat flour. Intake of folic acid increasing.

(B) Aware that wheat flour had additional health benefits, Islandia residents
consumed larger amounts of wheat flour than before the supplementation began.--- Since Residents consumed larger amounts of what, there is now a greater intake of folic acid. Incorrect.

(C) The supplementation of folic acid caused wheat flour distributors to more
aggressively compete for customers, who they expected to seek out their products for health reasons.--- CORRECT. This answer choice just tells us that the distributors compete for customers. This does not provide any information that the consumers actually buy and consume wheat flour.

(D) Pregnant women who ignored recommended supplements such as folic acid
could not avoid including wheat flour in their daily diet.--- Since pregnant women cannot avoid wheat flour, their intake of folic acid has increased from previously trying to avoid supplements of folic acid. Incorrect.

(E) Prompted by the country's emphasis on folic acid supplementation, pregnant
women sought out other foods that naturally contain folic acid.---- Since the pregnant women realized that there is a need of folic acid in their diets to avoid the defect, they started looking for foods with folic acid (Wheat).



Hey I am convinced that C is one of the options which is doing nothing to help explain how the supplementation of wheat flour prevents the defects in children...But not convinced with your logic on option E ..option E says that pregnant women sought out other foods that naturally contain folic acid...As u say this leads them to opt for Wheat flour supplemented with folic acid..Does wheat flour naturally contains folic acid???No it is being supplemented artificially with folic acid..this leads to a contradiction with option E ...and as such this option does nothing to explain how supplementation of wheat flour prevents the defect....As per this option may be the country's emphasis on folic acid led the pregnant women to include it in their diet ..But not the artificial way .....
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Re: Every year, children are born with neural tube defects, ... [#permalink]
C Clearly does nothing to explain how neural tube defects could be prevented.
But Option E says Supplementation not supplementation of Wheat.
I feel E is not well worded. any thoughts?
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Re: Every year, children are born with neural tube defects, ... [#permalink]
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Re: Every year, children are born with neural tube defects, ... [#permalink]
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