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Re: How many 4 digit codes can be made, if each code can only contain [#permalink]
Bunuel wrote:
eladshush wrote:
Hi all,

As you saw, I have published a bunch of questions in the past hour. Most of these questions are taken from a collection of hard quantitative questions provided by The Princeton Review (a.k.a - Killer Math).

I have posted any question that I have solved incorrectly, either due to careless error or concept error, in order to share them with everyone here.

Please consider the following problem that I am not sure I understood:

How many 4 digit codes can be made, if each code can only contain prime numbers that are less than 20?

A. 24
B. 102
C. 464
D. 656
E. 5040

Thank you all for the help and detailed explanations (especially you - Bunuel).
It is very helpful.


The question is a little bit ambiguous but I think it means the following:

I guess as it's not mentioned primes can be repeated.

There are:
4 one digit primes (O) less than 20 - 2, 3, 5, 7;
4 two digit primes (T) less than 20 - 11, 13, 17, 19;

Thus 4-digit number could be of the following type:

OOOO, for example: 2|3|5|7 or 2|2|7|7. Each O can take 4 values from {2, 3, 5, 7}, so total ways for this type is \(4^4\);

TT, for example: 11|11 or 19|17. Each T can take 4 values from {11, 13, 17, 19}, so total ways for this type is \(4^2\);

TOO, for example: 11|3|5 or 19|7|2. T can take 4 values from {11, 13, 17, 19} and each O can take 4 values from {2, 3, 5, 7}, so total ways for this type is \(4*4^2=4^3\);
OTO, for example: 2|13|5 or 7|19|2. The same as above: \(4^3\);
OOT, for example: 2|5|19 or 7|2|17. The same as above: \(4^3\);

Total: \(4^4+4^2+3*4^3=464\).

Answer: C.



Hi Bunuel,

why can't i write TOO,OTO,OOT AS

(4^3)*3! , taking the T as one entity ans assuming that 3 things can be arranged in 3! ways???
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Re: How many 4 digit codes can be made, if each code can only contain [#permalink]
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utin wrote:
Hi Bunuel,

why can't i write TOO,OTO,OOT AS

(4^3)*3! , taking the T as one entity ans assuming that 3 things can be arranged in 3! ways???



Just one thing: TOO can be arranged in 3!/2! ways and not in 3! (# of permutations of 3 letters out which 2 O's are identical is 3!/2!), so it would be \(4^3*\frac{3!}{2!}=4^3*3\).

Hope it's clear.
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Re: How many 4 digit codes can be made, if each code can only contain [#permalink]
Bunuel wrote:
utin wrote:
Hi Bunuel,

why can't i write TOO,OTO,OOT AS

(4^3)*3! , taking the T as one entity ans assuming that 3 things can be arranged in 3! ways???



Just one thing: TOO can be arranged in 3!/2! ways and not in 3! (# of permutations of 3 letters out which 2 O's are identical is 3!/2!), so it would be \(4^3*\frac{3!}{2!}=4^3*3\).

Hope it's clear.



I though about the same but but when i see that TOO as three things to be arranged in 3! ways then i also thought that OO ARE TWO DIGITS AND THEY ARE TWO DIFFERENT PRIME NOS SO WHY DIVIDE BY 2!


this might clear my entire probability confusion i hope... :)
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Re: How many 4 digit codes can be made, if each code can only contain [#permalink]
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utin wrote:
Bunuel wrote:
utin wrote:
Hi Bunuel,

why can't i write TOO,OTO,OOT AS

(4^3)*3! , taking the T as one entity ans assuming that 3 things can be arranged in 3! ways???



Just one thing: TOO can be arranged in 3!/2! ways and not in 3! (# of permutations of 3 letters out which 2 O's are identical is 3!/2!), so it would be \(4^3*\frac{3!}{2!}=4^3*3\).

Hope it's clear.



I though about the same but but when i see that TOO as three things to be arranged in 3! ways then i also thought that OO ARE TWO DIGITS AND THEY ARE TWO DIFFERENT PRIME NOS SO WHY DIVIDE BY 2!


this might clear my entire probability confusion i hope... :)


First of all two 1-digit primes can be the same, but it's not important here.

We are counting # of ways 4-digit number can be formed with two 1-digit primes and one 2-digit prime:
{1-digit}{1-digit}{2-digit}
{1-digit}{2-digit}{1-digit}
{2-digit}{1-digit}{1-digit}

Total 3 ways.
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Re: How many 4 digit codes can be made, if each code can only contain [#permalink]
Thanks Bunuel... +1 ... u already have many I knw :)
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Re: How many 4 digit codes can be made, if each code can only contain [#permalink]
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eladshush wrote:
How many 4 digit codes can be made, if each code can only contain prime numbers that are less than 20?

A. 24
B. 102
C. 464
D. 656
E. 5040

Hi all,

As you saw, I have published a bunch of questions in the past hour. Most of these questions are taken from a collection of hard quantitative questions provided by The Princeton Review (a.k.a - Killer Math).

I have posted any question that I have solved incorrectly, either due to careless error or concept error, in order to share them with everyone here.

Thank you all for the help and detailed explanations (especially you - Bunuel).

It is very helpful.


Though the question is little bit confusing, but conceptually this question is a real gem. More details should have been provided about the restrictions on selection of digits.

So, there are 4 one digit prime numbers to be used they are {2,3,5,7}. Lets call the single digits as O
& there are 4 2-digit prime numbers to be used they are {11, 13, 15, 17}. And double digits as T.

Now there are 3 ways of selecting digits.

Case 1: All one digit prime numbers OOOO
No. of codes = 4^4 (since repetition of digit is allowed = 256

Case 2: 2 Two digit prime numbers TT
No. of codes = 4*4 = 16

Case 3 : one two digit prime number & 2 one digit prime number : OOT, OTO, TOO
No. of codes = 4*4*4 + 4*4*4 + 4*4*4 = 3*4^3 = 192

Total no. of codes = 256 + 16 + 192 = 464

Answer C
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Re: How many 4 digit codes can be made, if each code can only contain [#permalink]
Bunuel wrote:
eladshush wrote:
Hi all,

As you saw, I have published a bunch of questions in the past hour. Most of these questions are taken from a collection of hard quantitative questions provided by The Princeton Review (a.k.a - Killer Math).

I have posted any question that I have solved incorrectly, either due to careless error or concept error, in order to share them with everyone here.

Please consider the following problem that I am not sure I understood:

How many 4 digit codes can be made, if each code can only contain prime numbers that are less than 20?

A. 24
B. 102
C. 464
D. 656
E. 5040

Thank you all for the help and detailed explanations (especially you - Bunuel).
It is very helpful.


The question is a little bit ambiguous but I think it means the following:

I guess as it's not mentioned primes can be repeated.

There are:
4 one digit primes (O) less than 20 - 2, 3, 5, 7;
4 two digit primes (T) less than 20 - 11, 13, 17, 19;

Thus 4-digit number could be of the following type:

OOOO, for example: 2|3|5|7 or 2|2|7|7. Each O can take 4 values from {2, 3, 5, 7}, so total ways for this type is \(4^4\);

TT, for example: 11|11 or 19|17. Each T can take 4 values from {11, 13, 17, 19}, so total ways for this type is \(4^2\);

TOO, for example: 11|3|5 or 19|7|2. T can take 4 values from {11, 13, 17, 19} and each O can take 4 values from {2, 3, 5, 7}, so total ways for this type is \(4*4^2=4^3\);
OTO, for example: 2|13|5 or 7|19|2. The same as above: \(4^3\);
OOT, for example: 2|5|19 or 7|2|17. The same as above: \(4^3\);

Total: \(4^4+4^2+3*4^3=464\).

Answer: C.


great solution as always, man
:cool:
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Re: How many 4 digit codes can be made, if each code can only contain [#permalink]
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Re: How many 4 digit codes can be made, if each code can only contain [#permalink]
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