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In primates it is the hard palate that permits breathing while eating.

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Bunuel
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In primates it is the hard palate that permits breathing while eating. [#permalink] New post   04 Jul 2019, 01:29
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59% (01:27) correct 41% (01:29) wrong based on 305 sessions
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In primates it is the hard palate that permits breathing while eating. Clearly, breathing while eating is necessary to maintain the high rate of metabolism of primates.

The author’s assertions would be most weakened by the discovery of primate species that had a

(A) high rate of metabolism and the ability to breathe while eating

(B) low rate of metabolism and the ability to breathe while eating

(C) low rate of metabolism and no ability to breathe while eating

(D) high rate of metabolism and no hard palate

(E) low rate of metabolism and a hard palate
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D
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Re: In primates it is the hard palate that permits breathing while eating. [#permalink] New post   04 Jul 2019, 05:03
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The argument claims the following chronology

(1) Hard Palate ---------> (2) Breathing while eating ----------> (3) High rate of metabolism

We can weaken the argument if we can show a later event can happen without its relative earlier event

In option D

Hard Plate -------------> High rate of metabolism

Therefore this says (3) can happen without (1)

IMO, Answer is D
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Re: In primates it is the hard palate that permits breathing while eating. [#permalink] New post   08 Jul 2019, 04:07
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Bunuel wrote:
In primates it is the hard palate that permits breathing while eating. Clearly, breathing while eating is necessary to maintain the high rate of metabolism of primates.

The author’s assertions would be most weakened by the discovery of primate species that had a

(A) high rate of metabolism and the ability to breathe while eating

(B) low rate of metabolism and the ability to breathe while eating

(C) low rate of metabolism and no ability to breathe while eating

(D) high rate of metabolism and no hard palate

(E) low rate of metabolism and a hard palate


OFFICIAL EXPLANATION:



(Metabolism is the process by which chemical reactions in plants and animals create the energy needed by them to live. Palate is the roof of the mouth.) The author’s assertion is that breathing while eating is necessary to maintain the high rate of metabolism of primates, and that this facility is provided by the hard palate.

We have been asked to identify the choice which will most weaken this assertion.

The author’s assertion relates to primates with high rates of metabolism. So, (B), (C) and (E), all of which relate to animals with a low rate of metabolism, can straightaway be ruled out.

(A) will only conform to the general property of primates referred to by the author, and will strengthen, and not weaken his assertion.

(D) would prove that the lack of a secondary palate and the consequential incapability to breathe while eating are not necessary for a high rate of metabolism in all primates, and will therefore weaken the author’s assertion. So, (D) is the answer.
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Re: In primates it is the hard palate that permits breathing while eating. [#permalink] New post   04 Jul 2019, 04:55
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This question tests the necessary condition about breathing while eating to maintain high metabolism.

So this necessary condition will be weakened if we show that the effect exists even without condition

Option D does that. A strengthens because it bolsters the necessary condition.
Option B has no impact. If necessary condition exists then the effect may or may not occur.

Option c slightly strengthens- no necessary condition no effect.

Option D weakens no necessary condition but effect persisits.

Same as B no effect.

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Re: In primates it is the hard palate that permits breathing while eating. [#permalink] New post   08 Jul 2019, 21:01
Bunuel wrote:
Bunuel wrote:
In primates it is the hard palate that permits breathing while eating. Clearly, breathing while eating is necessary to maintain the high rate of metabolism of primates.

The author’s assertions would be most weakened by the discovery of primate species that had a

(A) high rate of metabolism and the ability to breathe while eating

(B) low rate of metabolism and the ability to breathe while eating

(C) low rate of metabolism and no ability to breathe while eating

(D) high rate of metabolism and no hard palate

(E) low rate of metabolism and a hard palate


OFFICIAL EXPLANATION:



(Metabolism is the process by which chemical reactions in plants and animals create the energy needed by them to live. Palate is the roof of the mouth.) The author’s assertion is that breathing while eating is necessary to maintain the high rate of metabolism of primates, and that this facility is provided by the hard palate.

We have been asked to identify the choice which will most weaken this assertion.

The author’s assertion relates to primates with high rates of metabolism. So, (B), (C) and (E), all of which relate to animals with a low rate of metabolism, can straightaway be ruled out.

(A) will only conform to the general property of primates referred to by the author, and will strengthen, and not weaken his assertion.

(D) would prove that the lack of a secondary palate and the consequential incapability to breathe while eating are not necessary for a high rate of metabolism in all primates, and will therefore weaken the author’s assertion. So, (D) is the answer.


Hi,
The argument says that breathing while eating is necessary to maintain high metabolism rate. What if they already have high rate and thus this requirement is not needed now. So doesn't (A) say this and weaken it?
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Re: In primates it is the hard palate that permits breathing while eating. [#permalink]
08 Jul 2019, 21:01
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