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# Is x^2 + y^2 > 100?

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Joined: 24 Jan 2011
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Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink]

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27 Jan 2011, 08:07
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33% (02:40) correct 67% (01:23) wrong based on 860 sessions

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Is x^2 + y^2 > 100?

(1) 2xy < 100

(2) (x + y)^2 > 200
[Reveal] Spoiler: OA

Last edited by Bunuel on 29 Oct 2012, 04:38, edited 1 time in total.
OA edited.
Math Expert
Joined: 02 Sep 2009
Posts: 39761
Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink]

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27 Jan 2011, 09:00
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arvindg wrote:
Problem source: Veritas Practice Test

Is x^2 + y^2 > 100?

(1) 2xy < 100

(2) (x + y)^2 > 200

Is x^2 + y^2 > 100?

(1) 2xy < 100 --> clearly insufficient: if $$x=y=0$$ then the answer will be NO but if $$x=10$$ and $$y=-10$$ then the answer will be YES.

(2) (x + y)^2 > 200 --> $$x^2+2xy+y^2>200$$. Now, as $$(x-y)^2\geq{0}$$ (square of any number is more than or equal to zero) then $$x^2+y^2\geq{2xy}$$ so we can safely substitute $$2xy$$ with $$x^2+y^2$$ (as $$x^2+y^2$$ is at least as big as $$2xy$$ then the inequality will still hold true) --> $$x^2+(x^2+y^2)+y^2>200$$ --> $$2(x^2+y^2)>200$$ --> $$x^2+y^2>100$$. Sufficient.

Are you sure the OA is C?
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Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink]

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29 Jan 2011, 14:01
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Hey arvindg,
Thanks for pointing that out. The explanation is indeed incorrect. Sometimes, errors just creep up unwittingly. We will fix it soon. Your strategy of using numbers was spot on and that's exactly what I was thinking while reading the question too... Though the switch from <100 to >100 takes place at decimals so I was a little unhappy about that. The algebraic solution given by Bunuel is neat.
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Get started with Veritas Prep GMAT On Demand for $199 Veritas Prep Reviews Math Expert Joined: 02 Sep 2009 Posts: 39761 Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink] ### Show Tags 28 Jan 2011, 03:14 3 This post received KUDOS Expert's post tarunjagtap wrote: Bunuel's explanation is clear to me.. I think what bunuel said could be correct.. bunuel can you please explain why they say 2xy value cannnot be found hence combining both the equation.. kudos to bunuel, for thinking (x-y)^2 >= 0 Well I think that solution provided by Veritas is just wrong. _________________ Math Expert Joined: 02 Sep 2009 Posts: 39761 Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink] ### Show Tags 29 Jan 2011, 18:59 3 This post received KUDOS Expert's post tarunjagtap wrote: well from (x-y)^2 >=0 to x^2 + y^2 >= 2xy case there could be a situation.. wen x^2 + y^2 is almost equal to 4xy or 6xy(since greater than 2xy is also applicable) then in that case we can not decide x^2 + y^2 > 100 can we vouch for this case as x^2 + y^2 equal to 4xy. ??? confused.. Not sure understood what you meant by that but anyway: statement (2) says: $$x^2+2xy+y^2>200$$. Next, we know that $$x^2+y^2\geq{2xy}$$ is true for any values of $$x$$ and $$y$$. So we can manipulate and substitute $$2xy$$ with $$x^2+y^2$$ in (2) (because $$x^2+y^2$$ is at least as large as $$2xy$$): $$x^2+(x^2+y^2)+y^2>200$$ --> $$x^2+y^2>100$$. Hope it's clear. _________________ Intern Joined: 19 Jul 2010 Posts: 11 Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink] ### Show Tags 27 Jan 2011, 08:50 1 This post received KUDOS first option 1: 2xy < 100 ------ 1 cant say from option 1. (x+y)^2 > 200 x^2 + y^2 + 2xy > 200 x^2 + y^2 > 200 - 2xy substitute 2xy in above equation so x^2 + y^2 > 200 - 2xy 2xy is less than 100 from equation 1. implies x^2 + y^2 > 100 so using both options.. Ans C Senior Manager Joined: 05 Jul 2010 Posts: 355 Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink] ### Show Tags 07 Sep 2011, 15:13 1 This post received KUDOS 1 This post was BOOKMARKED Bunuel wrote: arvindg wrote: Problem source: Veritas Practice Test Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? (1) 2xy < 100 (2) (x + y)^2 > 200 Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? (1) 2xy < 100 --> clearly insufficient: if $$x=y=0$$ then the answer will be NO but if $$x=10$$ and $$y=-10$$ then the answer will be YES. (2) (x + y)^2 > 200 --> $$x^2+2xy+y^2>200$$. Now, as $$(x-y)^2\geq{0}$$ (square of any number is more than or equal to zero) then $$x^2+y^2\geq{2xy}$$ so we can safely substitute $$2xy$$ with $$x^2+y^2$$ (as $$x^2+y^2$$ is at least as big as $$2xy$$ then the inequality will still hold true) --> $$x^2+(x^2+y^2)+y^2>200$$ --> $$2(x^2+y^2)>200$$ --> $$x^2+y^2>100$$. Sufficient. Answer: B. Are you sure the OA is C? I am feeling proud about myself . I got just the ONE question wrong in my Veritas CAT test today, and this was the one. I marked B as I proved it during the test - took 3.42 mins though. I should have got 100% correct otherwise. Good to know Veritas guys were wrong! I was a bit baffled by their explanation. My proof (lengthy BUT conceptual proof): (x+y)^2 > 200 => |x + y| > 10*Sqrt(2) => For x^2 + y^2 to MINIMUM x=y : Why? Because squaring a number SPREADS the value exponentially. For given {x,y} such that x+y is known, x^2 + y^2 will ONLY spread MORE as we spread x and y away from their mean which is (x+y)/2 - regardless of the signs of x and y; in-fact opposite signs will spread the sum of squares even further. Hence x,y both MUST be > 5*sqrt(2). Hence MIN(x^2 + y^2) MUST be > 25*2 + 25*2 = 100. Hence, x^2 + y^2 > 100. If there is any Veritas Instructor here, please let me know if I got it wrong in some freakish way. Math Expert Joined: 02 Sep 2009 Posts: 39761 Re: Is x^2+y^2>100?? (1) 2xy<100 (2) (x+y)^2 [#permalink] ### Show Tags 29 Oct 2012, 04:41 1 This post received KUDOS Expert's post rajathpanta wrote: Is x^2+y^2>100?? (1) 2xy<100 (2) (x+y)^2>200 To me its only B. because statement 2 boils down to x+y>$$\sqrt{200}$$ Can someone explain the OA Merging similar topics. You are right, OA should be B, not C. See here: is-x-2-y-108343.html#p859197 _________________ Math Expert Joined: 02 Sep 2009 Posts: 39761 Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink] ### Show Tags 19 Feb 2013, 05:43 1 This post received KUDOS Expert's post 1 This post was BOOKMARKED LinaNY wrote: Bunuel wrote: (2) (x + y)^2 > 200 --> $$x^2+2xy+y^2>200$$. Now, as $$(x-y)^2\geq{0}$$ (square of any number is more than or equal to zero) then $$x^2+y^2\geq{2xy}$$ Hi Bunuel, could you please explain why you followed with (x-y)^2 instead of (x+y)^2? Shouldn't (x-y)^2 be distributed as x^2-2xy+y^2 in which case it will be different from the original expression? Also, when you transfer 2xy to the other side from x^2+2xy+y^2, why do you keep it positive? We have $$(x + y)^2 > 200$$ which is the same as $$x^2+2xy+y^2>200$$. Now, we need to find the relationship between x^2+y^2 and 2xy. Next, we know that $$(x-y)^2\geq{0}$$ --> $$x^2-2xy+y^2\geq{0}$$ --> $$x^2+y^2\geq{2xy}$$. So, we can safely substitute $$2xy$$ with $$x^2+y^2$$ in $$x^2+2xy+y^2>200$$ (as $$x^2+y^2$$ is at least as big as $$2xy$$ then the inequality will still hold true) --> $$x^2+(x^2+y^2)+y^2>200$$ --> $$2(x^2+y^2)>200$$ --> $$x^2+y^2>100$$. Sufficient. Hope it's clear. _________________ Intern Joined: 24 Jan 2011 Posts: 12 Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink] ### Show Tags 27 Jan 2011, 08:56 Thanks Tarun. I get that (1) alone doesn't work, but how did you rule out (2)? I chose B by trying different numbers and not finding any numbers such that (2) was true but the stem was not true. Intern Joined: 24 Jan 2011 Posts: 12 Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink] ### Show Tags 27 Jan 2011, 09:15 Thanks Bunuel! Yes, the OA was C, I've attached a screen capture. Hope I don't run into something like this on the actual GMAT Attachment: veritas_30.JPG [ 41.99 KiB | Viewed 13317 times ] Math Expert Joined: 02 Sep 2009 Posts: 39761 Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink] ### Show Tags 27 Jan 2011, 09:28 arvindg wrote: Thanks Bunuel! Yes, the OA was C, I've attached a screen capture. Hope I don't run into something like this on the actual GMAT Attachment: veritas_30.JPG Yes OA is indeed given as C. So I think Veritas is wrong with this one. By the way what was their reasoning while eliminating the second statement? _________________ Intern Joined: 24 Jan 2011 Posts: 12 Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink] ### Show Tags 27 Jan 2011, 20:28 Here's the explanation! Attachment: Veritas_30_expln.jpg [ 63.89 KiB | Viewed 13291 times ] Intern Joined: 19 Jul 2010 Posts: 11 Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink] ### Show Tags 27 Jan 2011, 22:44 Bunuel's explanation is clear to me.. I think what bunuel said could be correct.. bunuel can you please explain why they say 2xy value cannnot be found hence combining both the equation.. kudos to bunuel, for thinking (x-y)^2 >= 0 Senior Manager Joined: 08 Nov 2010 Posts: 408 WE 1: Business Development Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink] ### Show Tags 29 Jan 2011, 10:42 Damn Bunuel - nice trick. very nice! _________________ Intern Joined: 19 Jul 2010 Posts: 11 Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink] ### Show Tags 29 Jan 2011, 18:39 well from (x-y)^2 >=0 to x^2 + y^2 >= 2xy case there could be a situation.. wen x^2 + y^2 is almost equal to 4xy or 6xy(since greater than 2xy is also applicable) then in that case we can not decide x^2 + y^2 > 100 can we vouch for this case as x^2 + y^2 equal to 4xy. ??? confused.. Director Joined: 21 Dec 2010 Posts: 627 Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink] ### Show Tags 30 Jan 2011, 23:09 x*2+y*2 > 100, Bunuel proved it algebraically . the explanation is clear , so the answer should be B, not C , it is so much easier to fall for the trap under time pressure. _________________ What is of supreme importance in war is to attack the enemy's strategy. Math Forum Moderator Joined: 20 Dec 2010 Posts: 2010 Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink] ### Show Tags 02 Feb 2011, 05:41 Problem source: Veritas Practice Test I was not able to rule out B as "Not sufficient" at first. After Bunuel's explanation, I tried to solve this with numbers and here's what I got. Question: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? (1) x=1,y=1,2xy=2<100 but x^2+y^2=1+1=2<100. Answer to Question: NO x=10,y=1,2xy=20<100 but x^2+y^2=100+1=101>100. Answer to Question: YES Not sufficient. (2) $$(x+y)^2>200$$ $$|x+y|>200$$ $$x+y>\sqrt{200}$$ i.e. $$(x+y) > \sqrt{200} or (x+y) < -\sqrt{200}$$ --- Restriction Now; if we can prove that at least one value of $$x^2 + y^2$$ for the given condition is <=100; this statement becomes NOT SUFFICIENT. Let's find the least value for $$x^2 + y^2$$ with above restriction; Considering the above restriction, the least value pair for x and y so that $$x^2 + y^2$$ should give us the least value should be greater than the following: $$x=\sqrt{200}/2$$ and $$y=\sqrt{200}/2$$ or $$x=-\sqrt{200}/2$$ and $$y=-\sqrt{200}/2$$ Solve for $$x^2 + y^2$$ $$(200/4)+(200/4)$$ $$50+50=100$$ But; this result is for x+y=(\sqrt{200}/2)+(\sqrt{200}/2); we want it for x+y>(\sqrt{200}/2)+(\sqrt{200}/2); even a little fluctuation in x or y will push the result beyond 100. Thus; there is no value pair for x and y that gives us a value for $$x^2 + y^2$$ <=100. The second statement is SUFFICIENT. Ans: B However, I will remember the takeaway from Bunuel that $$x^2 + y^2 >= 2xy$$ for solving similar types of questions later. _________________ Manager Status: Preparing myself to break the sound( 700 )-barrier! Affiliations: IFC - Business Edge, Bangladesh Enterprise Institute Joined: 15 Feb 2011 Posts: 209 Location: Dhaka, Bangladesh Schools: Texas A&M - Mays; PennState - Smeal; Purdue - Krannert; JohnsHopkins - Carey; Vanderbilt - Owen; WakeForest - Babcock; UBC - Sauder WE 1: Financial Analyst/Financial Management Trainer - BRAC Afghanistan - 13 months WE 2: Business Proposal Coordinator - MiDS, Inc. (in Kabul, Afghanistan) - 4 Months (did quit the job bcoz of security concerns) WE 3: Readers For Readers (A Social Impact Generating Organization) - Co-Founder Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink] ### Show Tags 30 Apr 2011, 00:37 I am weak (i think the weakest) in DS. This problem tempted me today to give a try. I solved this and came up with the answer - Option C. Here is why. First I simplified the question stem in this was so that I can find both the statements' issues in the stem. x^2 + y^2 > 100, or x^2 + y^2 + 2xy > 100 + 2xy, or (x + y)^2 > 100 + 2xy Statement 1 is not sufficient. So, we eliminate option A and D. Then, statement 2 is insufficient as well. Thus, we can eliminate the option D. Because, both the statements don't give us any specific values and keep another set of unknown/variable in the inequality. Now, if we consider Statements 1 and 2 together, we can find different values for (x + y)^2 > 100 + 2xy. Hence, C is the answer. As I said before, I am really weak in DS; my explanation may be so hilarious and incorrect. I will appreciate if anyone could pinpoint where problem lies with my explanation though the answer is correct. Veritas Prep GMAT Instructor Joined: 16 Oct 2010 Posts: 7452 Location: Pune, India Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? [#permalink] ### Show Tags 07 Sep 2011, 21:18 abhicoolmax wrote: Bunuel wrote: arvindg wrote: Problem source: Veritas Practice Test Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? (1) 2xy < 100 (2) (x + y)^2 > 200 Is x^2 + y^2 > 100? (1) 2xy < 100 --> clearly insufficient: if $$x=y=0$$ then the answer will be NO but if $$x=10$$ and $$y=-10$$ then the answer will be YES. (2) (x + y)^2 > 200 --> $$x^2+2xy+y^2>200$$. Now, as $$(x-y)^2\geq{0}$$ (square of any number is more than or equal to zero) then $$x^2+y^2\geq{2xy}$$ so we can safely substitute $$2xy$$ with $$x^2+y^2$$ (as $$x^2+y^2$$ is at least as big as $$2xy$$ then the inequality will still hold true) --> $$x^2+(x^2+y^2)+y^2>200$$ --> $$2(x^2+y^2)>200$$ --> $$x^2+y^2>100$$. Sufficient. Answer: B. Are you sure the OA is C? I am feeling proud about myself . I got just the ONE question wrong in my Veritas CAT test today, and this was the one. I marked B as I proved it during the test - took 3.42 mins though. I should have got 100% correct otherwise. Good to know Veritas guys were wrong! I was a bit baffled by their explanation. My proof (lengthy BUT conceptual proof): (x+y)^2 > 200 => |x + y| > 10*Sqrt(2) => For x^2 + y^2 to MINIMUM x=y : Why? Because squaring a number SPREADS the value exponentially. For given {x,y} such that x+y is known, x^2 + y^2 will ONLY spread MORE as we spread x and y away from their mean which is (x+y)/2 - regardless of the signs of x and y; in-fact opposite signs will spread the sum of squares even further. Hence x,y both MUST be > 5*sqrt(2). Hence MIN(x^2 + y^2) MUST be > 25*2 + 25*2 = 100. Hence, x^2 + y^2 > 100. If there is any Veritas Instructor here, please let me know if I got it wrong in some freakish way. Your reasoning is fine. That's good thinking. Think of it in another way: When 2 numbers are equal, their Arithmetic Mean = Geometric Mean AM is least when it is equal to GM and GM is greatest when it is equal to AM. So sum of the terms is least when the numbers are equal; product is maximum when they are equal. For minimum value of $$x^2 + y^2$$, we need $$x^2 = y^2$$ or |x| = |y| On the same line, if product is given to be constant, sum is minimum when numbers are equal. If the sum is given to be constant, the product is maximum when the numbers are equal. _________________ Karishma Veritas Prep | GMAT Instructor My Blog Get started with Veritas Prep GMAT On Demand for$199

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Re: Is x^2 + y^2 > 100?   [#permalink] 07 Sep 2011, 21:18

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