It is frequently assumed that the mechanization of work has a revoluti

1. Which of the following statements best summarizes the main idea of the passage?

A The effects of the mechanization of women’s work have not borne out the frequently held assumption that new technology is inherently revolutionary. Correct. 1st Para - Author introduces the idea with two different opinions. 2nd Para. The author explains the reasons for the message that why the effects of mechanization of women's work have not borne out frequently held assumption that new technology is revolutionary. 3rd Para. Author further affirms this statement by introducing new reasons. Hence this is the main idea of the passage.
B Recent studies have shown that mechanization revolutionizes a society’s traditional values and the customary roles of its members. Incorrect. The passage talks about women and not the society traditional values or roles of all of its members.
C Mechanization has caused the nature of women’s work to change since the Industrial Revolution.. Incorrect The author asserts that the nature of women's work has changed a little since the Industrial Revolutions.
D The mechanization of work creates whole new classes of jobs that did not previously exist. Incorrect. This is just a part of an explanation and not the main idea of the passage.
E The mechanization of women’s work, while extremely revolutionary it its effects, has not, on the whole, had the deleterious effects that some critics had feared. Incorrect. The deleterious effects are not discussed in the passage. It is merely mentioned in the last sentence of the passage.

2. The author mentions all of the following inventions as examples of dramatic technological innovations EXCEPT the

A sewing machine
B vacuum cleaner
C typewriter
D telephone Correct. This is not mentioned in the examples.
E spinning jenny

3. It can be inferred from the passage that, before the Industrial Revolution, the majority of women`s work was done in which of the following settings?

A Textile mills
B Private households - Correct. It is suggested by the following statement The employment of young women in textile mills during the Industrial Revolution was largely an extension of an older pattern of employment of young, single women as domestics.
C Offices
D Factories
E Small shops

4. It can be inferred from the passage that the author would consider which of the following to be an indication of a fundamental alteration in the conditions of women`s work?

A Statistics showing that the majority of women now occupy white-collar positions. Incorrect. According to author women now occupy white collar position but there is not fundamental alternation in the conditions of women's work.
B Interviews with married men indicating that they are now doing some household tasks. Incorrect This is not discussed in the passage.
C Surveys of the labor market documenting the recent creation of a new class of jobs in electronics in which women workers outnumber men four to one. Incorrect. the class of job is not explained. Hence this does not indicate a fundamental alteration in the condition of women's work.
D Census results showing that working women’s wages and salaries are, on the average, as high as those of working men. Correct. In the last paragraph, it is mentioned that women as a group get a lower pay. Hence the statement indicates a fundamental alteration in the conditions of women's work.
E Enrollment figures from universities demonstrating that increasing numbers of young women are choosing to continue their education beyond the undergraduate level. Incorrect the education of women is not discussed in the passage.

5. The passage states that, before the twentieth century, which of the following was true of many employers?

A They did not employ women in factories. Incorrect. Women were employed in factories.
B They tended to employ single rather than married women. Correct it is suggested by the statement "The employment of young women in textile mills during the Industrial Revolution was largely an extension of an older pattern of employment of young, [b]single women as domestics.[/b]
C They employed women in only those jobs that were related to women’s traditional household work. Incorrect Women were employed in different types of jobs and traditional household work is not discussed in the passage.
D They resisted technological innovations that would radically change women’s roles in the family. Incorrect It is not mentioned in the passage.
E They hired women only when qualified men were not available to fill the open positions. Incorrect not stated in the passage.

6. It can be inferred from the passage that the author most probably believes which of the following to be true concerning those historians who study the history of women?

A Their work provides insights important to those examining social phenomena affecting the lives of both sexes. Correct. This is suggested by the following sentence. "Historians, particularly those investigating the history of women, now seriously question this assumption of transforming power."
B Their work can only be used cautiously by scholars in other disciplines. Incorrect Other disciplines are not mentioned in the passage.
C Because they concentrate only on the role of women in the workplace, they draw more reliable conclusions than do other historians. Incorrect This is not mentioned in the passage.
D While highly interesting, their work has not had an impact on most historians’ current assumptions concerning the revolutionary effect of technology in the workplace. Incorrect the impact of historians who study the history of women on the other historians is not discussed in the passage.
E They oppose the further mechanization of work, which, according to their findings, tends to perpetuate existing inequalities in society. Incorrect. the opposition of the mechanization of work is not discussed in the passage.

7. Which of the following best describes the function of the concluding sentence of the passage?

(A) It sums up the general points concerning the mechanization of work made in the passage as a whole. Incorrect. The last sentence does not summarize the passage.
(B) It draws a conclusion concerning the effects of the mechanization of work which goes beyond the evidence presented in the passage as a whole. Correct. The last sentence further adds to the conclusion concerning the effects of mechanization of work by adding a new perspective of its effects.
(C) It restates the point concerning technology made in the sentence immediately preceding it. Incorrect It does restates the point but adds a new dimension of the effects of mechanization of work.
(D) It qualifies the author's agreement with scholars who argue for a major revision in the assess-ment of the impact of mechanization on soci-ety. Incorrect. It does not qualify author's opinion.
(E) It suggests a compromise between two seem-ingly contradictory views concerning the effects of mechanization on society. Incorrect. No compromise suggested in the last sentence of the passage.