Bunuel wrote:
Корkе: In the past ten years, most of the new clothes that I have purchased have fallen apart within a few short years. However, all of the clothes that I have purchased at vintage clothing shops are still in excellent condition, despite the fact that they were all over thirty years old at the time that I bought them. Clearly, clothes are not manufactured as well today as they were when those vintage clothes were made.
Which of the following is a weakness in the argument above?
(A) It fails to demonstrate that the clothes manufactured thirty years ago were of higher quality than clothes of all other eras.
(B) It neglects the possibility that the clothes of thirty years ago, when prices are adjusted for inflation, cost more than clothes manufactured today.
(C) It confuses the number of clothing items sold with the proportion of those items that are no longer useful.
(D) It does not explain why clothing manufacturing standards have fallen over time.
(E) It fails to take into account clothes made over thirty years ago that are no longer fit for sale.
KAPLAN OFFICIAL EXPLANATION:
The stem alerts us to the fact that there's a flaw afoot, so we should expect something in Kopke's speech to get all fouled up. In more official GMAT lingo, that simply means that the evidence won't adequately support the conclusion. And what is that conclusion? Kopke's maintains that clothes manufactured 30 years ago were constructed better than clothes manufactured today. His evidence is that clothes he's purchased within the last ten years have fallen apart, while the clothes he bought in vintage shops are all in excellent shape despite their age. This might sound persuasive so far, but we know from the stem that this is a flawed argument. Think about where Kopke's logic goes astray. For one thing, he compares all the clothes he's bought within the last ten years to only the clothes that have survived 30 years before he purchased them. That's a subtle shift, but a shift nonetheless. The correct answer should point out the dubious nature of this comparison, and indeed, choice (E) points out the inappropriateness of this kind of comparison. The only "vintage" clothes he takes into account are those that have proven to be extremely durable. So it isn't much of a surprise that they're still functional. Корке doesn't consider the clothes made long ago that have fallen apart, so he can't evaluate the overall standards of that era. Comparing only the extremely durable vintage clothes to all modern clothes is like comparing apples and oranges, so choice (E) gets to the heart of the flaw here. It suggests an alternative explanation for the "favorable" comparison that Корке relies on in forming his conclusion.
(A) The argument doesn't address all eras, so Корке doesn't have to compare the clothes made 30 years ago with those of every other era.
An 800 test taker doesn't fault an author for failing to do something he's not logically obligated to do.
(B) Kopke's argument does not address cost at all—just quality. Considering cost would not affect the validity of the argument.
(C) Корке doesn't take into account vintage clothes that are no longer fit for sale (see the explanation for choice (E) above), but he never equates the proportion of tattered clothes with the total number of clothing items sold. So choice (C) doesn't describe a weakness in the argument.
(D) The argument doesn't hinge on explaining why standards have fallen, just that they have. An 800 test taker notes the scope of the argument from the get-go, and immediately discounts choices that violate it.
_________________