Machines X and V produced identical bottles at different : GMAT Data Sufficiency (DS)
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# Machines X and V produced identical bottles at different

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03 Nov 2010, 16:36
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Machines X and Y produced identical bottles at different constant rates. Machine X, operating alone for 4 hours, filled part of a production lot; then Machine Y, operating alone for 3 hours, filled the rest of this lot. How many hours would it have taken Machine X operating alone to fill the entire production lot?

(1) Machine X produced 30 bottles per minute.
(2) Machine X produced twice as many bottles in 4 hours as Machine Y produced in 3 hours.
[Reveal] Spoiler: OA

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03 Nov 2010, 17:08
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cgl7780 wrote:
Machines X and Y produced identical bottles at different constant rates. Machine X, operating alone for 4 hours, filled part of a production lot; then Machine Y, operating alone for 3 hours, filled the rest of this lot. How many hours would it have taken Machine X operating alone to fill the entire production lot?

1. Machine X produced 30 bottles per minute
2. Machine X produced twice as many bottles in 4 hours as Machine Y produced in
3 hours.

(I think you guys know the choices for DS)

We know that Machine X worked for 4 hrs alone and then Machine Y worked for 3 hrs alone. This filled up the production lot.
Ques: If Machine X were operating alone, how many hours would it take?
The first thing that comes to mind is that it would take more than 4 hrs since it filled only a part of the lot in 4 hrs.

Statement I: I know the rate at which Machine X produces bottles. It is 30 bottles/min or 1800 bottles/hr. So Machine X must have made 7200 bottles in 4 hours. But I do not know how many bottles fills the lot since I do not know how many bottles were made by Machine Y in 3 hours. This statement alone is not sufficient.

Statement II: Machine X produced twice as many bottles in 4 hours as Machine Y did in 3 hrs. Then I can say that Machine X filled 2/3 rd of the lot in 4 hrs. (If this is unclear, think Machine Y made 'b' bottles in 3 hrs, then Machine X made '2b' bottles in 4 hrs and together the lot contained '3b' bottles. So Machine X filled 2/3 of the lot in 4 hours.) In how much time will Machine X fill the rest of the 1/3 rd lot? In 2 hours. Hence, it takes a total of 6 hours to fill the lot on its own. This is sufficient to answer the question.

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Get started with Veritas Prep GMAT On Demand for $199 Veritas Prep Reviews Math Expert Joined: 02 Sep 2009 Posts: 37057 Followers: 7236 Kudos [?]: 96195 [26] , given: 10709 Re: Word Translations - Rates & Work [#permalink] ### Show Tags 03 Nov 2010, 23:22 26 This post received KUDOS Expert's post 72 This post was BOOKMARKED cgl7780 wrote: Machines X and Y produced identical bottles at different constant rates. Machine X, operating alone for 4 hours, filled part of a production lot; then Machine Y, operating alone for 3 hours, filled the rest of this lot. How many hours would it have taken Machine X operating alone to fill the entire production lot? 1. Machine X produced 30 bottles per minute 2. Machine X produced twice as many bottles in 4 hours as Machine Y produced in 3 hours. (I think you guys know the choices for DS) There are several important things you should know to solve work problems: 1. Time, rate and job in work problems are in the same relationship as time, speed (rate) and distance in rate problems. $$time*speed=distance$$ <--> $$time*rate=job \ done$$. For example when we are told that a man can do a certain job in 3 hours we can write: $$3*rate=1$$ --> $$rate=\frac{1}{3}$$ job/hour. Or when we are told that 2 printers need 5 hours to complete a certain job then $$5*(2*rate)=1$$ --> so rate of 1 printer is $$rate=\frac{1}{10}$$ job/hour. Another example: if we are told that 2 printers need 3 hours to print 12 pages then $$3*(2*rate)=12$$ --> so rate of 1 printer is $$rate=2$$ pages per hour; So, time to complete one job = reciprocal of rate. For example if 6 hours (time) are needed to complete one job --> 1/6 of the job will be done in 1 hour (rate). 2. We can sum the rates. If we are told that A can complete one job in 2 hours and B can complete the same job in 3 hours, then A's rate is $$rate_a=\frac{job}{time}=\frac{1}{2}$$ job/hour and B's rate is $$rate_b=\frac{job}{time}=\frac{1}{3}$$ job/hour. Combined rate of A and B working simultaneously would be $$rate_{a+b}=rate_a+rate_b=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}=\frac{5}{6}$$ job/hour, which means that they will complete $$\frac{5}{6}$$ job in one hour working together. 3. For multiple entities: $$\frac{1}{t_1}+\frac{1}{t_2}+\frac{1}{t_3}+...+\frac{1}{t_n}=\frac{1}{T}$$, where $$T$$ is time needed for these entities to complete a given job working simultaneously. For example if: Time needed for A to complete the job is A hours; Time needed for B to complete the job is B hours; Time needed for C to complete the job is C hours; ... Time needed for N to complete the job is N hours; Then: $$\frac{1}{A}+\frac{1}{B}+\frac{1}{C}+...+\frac{1}{N}=\frac{1}{T}$$, where T is the time needed for A, B, C, ..., and N to complete the job working simultaneously. For two and three entities (workers, pumps, ...): General formula for calculating the time needed for two workers A and B working simultaneously to complete one job: Given that $$t_1$$ and $$t_2$$ are the respective individual times needed for $$A$$ and $$B$$ workers (pumps, ...) to complete the job, then time needed for $$A$$ and $$B$$ working simultaneously to complete the job equals to $$T_{(A&B)}=\frac{t_1*t_2}{t_1+t_2}$$ hours, which is reciprocal of the sum of their respective rates ($$\frac{1}{t_1}+\frac{1}{t_2}=\frac{1}{T}$$). General formula for calculating the time needed for three A, B and C workers working simultaneously to complete one job: $$T_{(A&B&C)}=\frac{t_1*t_2*t_3}{t_1*t_2+t_1*t_3+t_2*t_3}$$ hours. BACK TO THE ORIGINAL QUESTION: Machines X and Y produced identical bottles at different constant rates. Machine X, operating alone for 4 hours, filled part of a production lot; then Machine Y, operating alone for 3 hours, filled the rest of this lot. How many hours would it have taken Machine X operating alone to fill the entire production lot? You can solve this question as Karishma proposed in her post above or algebraically: Let the rate of X be $$x$$ bottle/hour and the rate of Y $$y$$ bottle/hour. Given: $$4x+3y=job$$. Question: $$t_x=\frac{job}{rate}=\frac{job}{x}=?$$ (1) Machine X produced 30 bottles per minute --> $$x=30*60=1800$$ bottle/hour, insufficient as we don't know how many bottles is in 1 lot (job). (2) Machine X produced twice as many bottles in 4 hours as Machine Y produced in 3 hours --> $$4x=2*3y$$, so $$3y=2x$$ --> $$4x+3y=4x+2x=6x=job$$ --> $$t_x=\frac{job}{rate}=\frac{job}{x}=\frac{6x}{x}=6$$ hours. Sufficient. Answer: B. Some work problems with solutions: time-n-work-problem-82718.html facing-problem-with-this-question-91187.html what-am-i-doing-wrong-to-bunuel-91124.html gmat-prep-ps-93365.html questions-from-gmat-prep-practice-exam-please-help-93632.html a-good-one-98479.html solution-required-100221.html work-problem-98599.html hours-to-type-pages-102407.html Hope it helps. _________________ Veritas Prep GMAT Instructor Joined: 16 Oct 2010 Posts: 7177 Location: Pune, India Followers: 2161 Kudos [?]: 13989 [11] , given: 222 Re: Word Translations - Rates & Work [#permalink] ### Show Tags 03 Nov 2010, 18:13 11 This post received KUDOS Expert's post 2 This post was BOOKMARKED cgl7780 wrote: Thank you that clears it up, I was timing myself so trying to get through the problem in 2min or less. When I read the two statements I came to the exact same conclusion you did on statement 1; I can determine exactly how many bottles machine X made, but I don't know how many bottles = 1 lot, Insufficient. However in reading statement 2 I felt it wasn't enough to answer the question by itself (Machine X produced twice as many bottles as Y) I didn't have a rate or a total, However, from statement 1, I could get an exact answer of how many Machine X produced, then simply divide by 2 to get the amount Machine Y produced. Adding these two together will give me the total bottles in one lot. With both statements I have all the information I need to determine how long it would take Machine X to fill the lot by itself because now I have it's rate and the total number of bottles in one lot. So I chose "C" Both statements together are sufficient How could this logic be wrong? Word of caution in DS questions. One trick they use often is that they give you partial information in Statement (1), they give the rest in statement (II) so you think, "Of course, answer is an easy (C)." Mind you, if it seems to be an easy (C), go back to the question, read it again and then try and solve it using statement (II) alone, Try to 'wipe' statement (I) from your mind for the time being. Here, I don't need to know how many bottles Machine A produced in total. I only need to know how many hours it will take to fill the lot. Since it filled 2/3rd in 4 hrs, it will the rest 1/3 in 2 hrs. _________________ Karishma Veritas Prep | GMAT Instructor My Blog Get started with Veritas Prep GMAT On Demand for$199

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Re: Word Translations - Rates & Work [#permalink]

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16 Jan 2011, 05:38
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1) does not tell us anything about Y. INSUFFICIENT

2) machine X produced twice as much as Y did i.e. did $$\frac{2}{3}$$ of the work.

$$\frac{2}{3}$$ work required 4 hours

1 complete work requires $$\frac{4*3}{2} = 6$$ hours

HTH

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Re: Word Translations - Rates & Work [#permalink]

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03 Nov 2010, 17:22
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Thank you that clears it up, I was timing myself so trying to get through the problem in 2min or less. When I read the two statements I came to the exact same conclusion you did on statement 1; I can determine exactly how many bottles machine X made, but I don't know how many bottles = 1 lot, Insufficient.

However in reading statement 2 I felt it wasn't enough to answer the question by itself (Machine X produced twice as many bottles as Y) I didn't have a rate or a total, However, from statement 1, I could get an exact answer of how many Machine X produced, then simply divide by 2 to get the amount Machine Y produced. Adding these two together will give me the total bottles in one lot. With both statements I have all the information I need to determine how long it would take Machine X to fill the lot by itself because now I have it's rate and the total number of bottles in one lot. So I chose "C" Both statements together are sufficient

How could this logic be wrong?
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Re: Word Translations - Rates & Work [#permalink]

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03 Nov 2010, 23:54
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Thanks Bunuel! I like your work/rate resume. It is really helpful. +1
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Re: Machines X and V produced identical bottles at different [#permalink]

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30 May 2013, 03:56
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Re: Machines X and V produced identical bottles at different [#permalink]

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01 Jun 2013, 18:17
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But dont we have to consider the 4 and 3 hrs for machine X and machine Y?
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02 Jun 2013, 05:38
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4R = X

3R* = Total - X

4R = 2(3R*)

R* = 4R/6 = 2/3R

------------------------

3R* = Total - 4R

2R = Total - 4R

6R = Total

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Re: Machines X and V produced identical bottles at different [#permalink]

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02 Jun 2013, 22:17
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Stmt 1 : Machine X produced 30 bottles per minute hence in 4 hrs i.e. 240 minutes how many did machine X produce?

(30 * 240) = 7200 bottles

But we don’t know the exact size of the production lot so while we know X’s work rate, we don’t know how many hrs it will take for X to fill up the production lot.

Hence this stmt is insufficient.

Stmt 2 : Let a be the number of bottle machine Y produces in 3 hrs

Machine X produced twice as many bottles in 4 hours as Machine Y produced in 3 hours

Then 2a is the number of bottles machine X produced in 4 hrs

Hence the total lot size = a + 2a = 3a

If X produces 2a bottles ibn 4 hrs then how many hrs will it take to produce 3a bottles?

(3a * 4)/2a = 6 hrs

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Re: Machines X and V produced identical bottles at different [#permalink]

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09 Jul 2013, 20:08
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I set up two rudimentary equations for each machine from the prompt before entering into determining the sufficiency of each statement:

$$x*4=n$$ where x is the rate of Machine X and n is the amount of the job completed in four hours
$$y*3=m$$ where y is the rate of Machine Y and m is the amount of the job completed in three hours
where $$n+m=1$$ in order to preserve the fact that X and Y complete one job together (yet individually)

Statement 1: I won't beat a dead horse here, we know this is clearly insufficient

Statement 2: Here we see that n=2m or that Machine X completed 2/3 of the work and Machine Y completed 1/3 of the work. By substituting 2/3 for n and 1/3 for m in the equations above we are able to determine how long it would take Machine X to complete 1 (one complete unit) of work since we have $$x*4=\frac{2}{3}$$ ....Sufficient

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Re: Machines X and V produced identical bottles at different [#permalink]

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24 Sep 2013, 01:16
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If we know total Work then can find out total time take by machine A(Asked)
Major Goal: Total Work.
Machine A's contribution: 4/X
Machine B's contribution: 3/Y
Total Work: 4/X+3/Y. ------------Eq(1)

Statement 1: Machine X produced 30 bottles per minute.
nothing has been said about machine Y....So not sufficient.

Statement 2: Machine X produced twice as many bottles in 4 hours as Machine Y produced in 3 hours.
4/X = 6/Y
Substitute in Eq(1) and get the raltionship between Total Work and X.
Finally total time....So Suffcient

Hence (B)
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Re: Machines X and V produced identical bottles at different [#permalink]

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02 Jun 2013, 03:40
samheeta wrote:
But dont we have to consider the 4 and 3 hrs for machine X and machine Y?

Can you please elaborate on what you mean? Thank you.
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Re: Machines X and V produced identical bottles at different [#permalink]

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03 Jul 2014, 19:50
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x = rate of machine X
y = rate of machine Y
one lot = 4x + 3y

1. we know x, but don't know y
not sufficient

2. 4x = 2*3y, so 3y = 2x
then, one lot = 4x + 2x = 6x -> 6 hours for machine x to complete the lot
sufficient
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Re: Machines X and V produced identical bottles at different [#permalink]

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Re: Machines X and V produced identical bottles at different [#permalink]

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31 Aug 2015, 10:54
Easy to set up problems in hindsight when you can tailor the premise to the outcome. However, if you're working with some kind of framework, this would be the way to do it based on $$Rate * Time = Work$$:

Given:
Machine X: $$Rx * 4 = p$$, where Rx is rate of Machine X and p is part of the job
Machine Y: $$Ry * 3 = 1-p$$

Machine X would be working 4 + something to get the job done alone:
Find T+4: $$Rx * (T+4) = 1$$

(1) Clearly insufficient.

(2) Machine X did twice the job Machine Y:

$$p = 2(1-p)$$
$$p=2/3$$

Step 1:
Plug p back to given equation $$Rx * 4 = p$$:
$$Rx * 4 = 2/3$$
$$Rx = 1/6$$

Step 2:
Plug Rx back to what you are looking for: $$Rx * (T+4) = 1$$ :
$$1/6(T+4) = 1$$ | Multiply by 6
$$T+4 = 6$$
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Re: Machines X and V produced identical bottles at different [#permalink]

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26 Mar 2016, 10:25
Hi,

I got the question right (B), but, based on my estimation/calculation, the number of hours of X should be 5,5.
In fact, if X can fills part of the lot in 4 hours and in 3 hours X can produces twice the bottles that Y produces in 3 hours is possible to affirm that X in 1,5 hour can complete the task of Y,so, filling the whole lot in 5,5, hours.

Can you please show me why the hours X taks are 6 and not 5,5?

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Machines X and V produced identical bottles at different [#permalink]

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01 Aug 2016, 04:28
cgl7780 wrote:
Machines X and Y produced identical bottles at different constant rates. Machine X, operating alone for 4 hours, filled part of a production lot; then Machine Y, operating alone for 3 hours, filled the rest of this lot. How many hours would it have taken Machine X operating alone to fill the entire production lot?

(1) Machine X produced 30 bottles per minute.
(2) Machine X produced twice as many bottles in 4 hours as Machine Y produced in 3 hours.

(1) Machine X produced 30 bottles per minute.
Machine x worked for 4 hours so it made = 30*60*4 bottles
How many bottles Y made is unknown ; Total number of bottles unknown
Without knowing total production we cannot use X's rate to derive its time
INSUFFICIENT

(2) Machine X produced twice as many bottles in 4 hours as Machine Y produced in 3 hours.
Machine x produces 2B bottles and rest of the remaining B bottles were made by Y
therefore total number of bottles = 3B
now X makes 2B bottles in 4 hour therefore it can make the remaining B bottles in 2 hours
total time X takes to complete the production is 4hour + 2 hour = 6 hours

SUFFICIENT

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Machines X and V produced identical bottles at different   [#permalink] 01 Aug 2016, 04:28
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