Researchers claim that analogical thinking causes scientific discoveri

Conclusion:- Analogical thinking causes scientific discoveries.

Premise:- 1. works of famous scientists
2. Analogy causes creativity, and creativity causes changes in knowledge.
3. more distant analogies, the more creative the outcomes.

Assumption:- changes is knowledge is same as or causes scientific discoveries.

Option A:- This option is strengthening the arguments. Its not attacking the underlying assumption. Its merely coexisting with the assumption. See premise point no. 2.

Option B:- Classic weakener. correct answer. Argument says X causes Y. But this options says that Y causes X.
Analogical thinking induces creativity or analogical thinking make people creative (According to the argument). But the option says, No. Its other way round. Creative peoples uses analogical thinking to make discoveries.

Option C:- U may think of this option as strengthener or out of scope. Either way its a wrong answer. If we assume scientific empirical formulae are critical for scientific discoveries, then Its a strengthener. If not, its out of scope.

Option D:- Easiest option to eliminate. OUT OF SCOPE. How come IQ is related to scientific discoveries. Not mentioned in the argument.

Option E:- A contender for option B. Important factors and causality are two different things. Analytical ability may be a more important factor than creativity. But this option fails to answer whether it causes creativity or scientific discoveries. It may cause or may not. Hence, not a correct option.

Please excuse for any typo-error.
Thanks.