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dcummins wrote:
New Project RC Butler 2019 - Practice 2 RC Passages EverydayPassage # 187, Date : 05-Jul-2019
This post is a part of New Project RC Butler 2019.
Click here for Details One of the most dangerous drugs for pregnant women to consume is alcohol. Because alcohol is delivered quickly into the blood and passes quickly into the tissues and membranes, the human fetus is particularly vulnerable to its effects. In fact, the negative effects on a fetus are so pronounced that babies born after exposure to alcohol are said to be suffering from fetal alcohol syndrome.
As a pregnant woman drinks alcohol, the alcohol is passed into her bloodstream almost simultaneously. Moreover, because the bloodstream of the fetus is inextricably tied to that of the mother, the alcohol passes directly into the bloodstream of the fetus as well. And, what is more, the concentration of alcohol in the fetus is exactly the same as in the mother. For the mother, this concentration is not a problem because her liver can remove one ounce of alcohol from her system per hour. However, the fetus’s liver is not completely developed. The rate at which it is able to eliminate the alcohol from the blood of the fetus is much slower. Eventually, the alcohol will be returned to the mother’s system by passing across the placenta, but this process is slow. By the time this takes place, major neurological damage may have already occurred.
Research has shown that as little as one drink of alcohol can produce significant, irreversible damage to the fetus. Babies who are born after exposure to alcohol generally exhibit facial distortion, inability to concentrate and difficulty in remembering. Simply speaking, it is imperative that pregnant women avoid alcohol.
1. According to the information in the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
(A) There is no time lag in passing of alcohol from the mother to the fetus.
(B) The fetus’ liver is unable to keep up with the workings of the mothers’ liver.
(C) The alcohol is eventually passed back from the fetus to the mother.
(D) Fetal alcohol syndrome can cause irreversible damages to the fetus.
(E) Alcohol passes from the mother to the fetus through the placenta.
2. From the information in the passage, in which of the following hypothetical situations could the Fetal Alcohol Syndrome be best avoided?
(A) If the alcohol passed into the mother’s bloodstream slowly over a prolonged duration
(B) If the alcohol had very low toxicity
(C) If the mother’s liver were less efficient than it currently is at removing alcohol from the system
(D) If the fetus’ liver were as efficient at removing alcohol as the mother’s liver is
(E) If the fetus had a very strong immune system
3. What is the primary purpose of the second paragraph in the passage?
(A) To recommend that pregnant women completely abstain from alcohol
(B) To highlight the harmful effects of alcohol on infants
(C) To describe how the Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is caused
(D) To state that a fetus’ liver cannot eliminate waste as quickly as the mothers’ liver can
(E) To compare the functioning of a mother’ liver with that of a fetus’ liver
For Question no 1 , how is it A ?? Why not E ??? Can you please highlight on this.
Thanks in advance. Looking for an explanation if possible
I can explain how it is not A, HOWEVER, I really couldn't find information on E as it could be from tissues and membranes, and it isn't an official question, so, I really would not care much for it. That said,
Option A uses extreme language by suggesting there's "no time lag", however, there's a word play in there. Quickly is different from "at the same time",
You might argue that the statement, "transferred almost simultaneously" suggests at the same time, but that simultaneous process will also take time, even if the difference is 0.001 seconds.
No time lag means T1-T2= 0
QUICKLY MEANS T1-T2>0 BUT CLOSE
RELAX, IT is a weird question, if you're getting official questions wrong, it would be better