A different variety of giant tortoise can be found on every

A seems the best bet

each with its own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck

Here, Each is referring ot Giant Tortoise, since this is singular. We need singular pronoun. All choices except A have Plural Pronoun

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First question was posted by rakeshd347 and that post was deleted few days back. Hence the topic seems to be posted without question for no fault of the author of the current first post. Now I have posted the question in the first post.

Suppose if the question is

A different variety of giant tortoises can be found on every island in the Galapagos, each with its own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck.
(A) each with its own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck
(B) each with their own styles of oversized domes and comically scrawny necks
(C) each having their own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck
(D) all having their own styles of oversized domes and comically scrawny necks
(E) all with their own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck

May i know what will be the answer?

The answer would not change.

A different variety of giant tortoises can be found on every island in the Galapagos, each with its own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck.

The subject of the first part (before the comma) is "a different variety" (singular, and your change doesn't affect this). The question can easily be solved if look at the fact that each (singular as the subj) requires a singular adjective its and not their. Each refers to a singular variety, to a singular subject so all must respect this.

"All" is wrong because it's plural. "A different variety can be found (...), all with"
Basically your change doesn't affect the main structure subj-verb of the original sentence, so the answer remains the same.

Hope it's clear,let me know

needs some help w/ this guys

I heard this isnt a GMAT PREP quesntion. Is this right?

A different variety of giant tortoise can be found on every island in the Galapagos, each with its own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck.

(A) each with its own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck
(B) each with their own styles of oversized domes and comically scrawny necks -
(C) each having their own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck
(D) all having their own styles of oversized domes and comically scrawny necks => their stands for nothing. I think it would have been correct if sentence written as

A different varieties of giant tortoise can be found on every island in the Galapagos,_________ in this case "all" would have made sense.

(E) all with their own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck

A seems to be correct answer. It correctly conveys the message that each of tortoise has their own style of oversized domes and comically scrawny neck.

Hi anairamitch1804,
Please explain why 'all' is wrong here and can we use 'their' as pronoun of 'all' ?

Hi anje29

EACH and ALL can both act as pronouns.
ALL can have both singular or plural verb depending on the NOUN.
If the NOUN is NON COUNTABLE then singular verb is taken
Else if it is COUNTABLE NOUN then Plural verb is taken.

A different variety of giant tortoise can be found on every island in the Galapagos, each with its own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck.

(A) each with its own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck - Correct
(B) each with their own styles of oversized domes and comically scrawny necks - usage of pronoun their
(C) each having their own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck -- usage of pronoun their
(D) all having their own styles of oversized domes and comically scrawny necks -- usage of pronoun their -- no plural noun for the animals ; meaning issue - there isn't anything shared by ALL of the tortoises. rather, EACH type of tortoise, individually, has its own style of xxxxx.
(E) all with their own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny necks --same as D

Answer A
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in choice A, "each with ..." is purely adjective phrase which modifies 'tortose" . this phrase is not adverb modifying the preceding clause because there is no such relation. on gmat we see similar question but the ending phrase is adver.

7 persons have been killed by shark, fewer than have been killed by bees ( you can google to find this problem)

A different variety of giant tortoise can be found on every island in the Galapagos, each with its own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck.

Single Variety of Giant Tortoise is singular and needs singular verb. Only Option A has it

(A) each with its own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck
(B) each with their own styles of oversized domes and comically scrawny necks -
(C) each having their own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck
(D) all having their own styles of oversized domes and comically scrawny necks
(E) all with their own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck

tortoise is singlular and its is required. Only A does it. A is correct answer. simple and straightforward question.


A different variety of giant tortoise can be found on every island in the Galapagos, each with its own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck.

(A) each with its own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck
(B) each with their own styles of oversized domes and comically scrawny necks -
(C) each having their own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck
(D) all having their own styles of oversized domes and comically scrawny necks
(E) all with their own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck

'their' can't be used with animals it always has to be 'its'. all other options except A use 'their'

What is the difference b/w

Each with its own style

and

Each having their own style

So in this example, 'having' is a noun modifier--it's describing the noun 'each' (meaning, 'each tortoise').

--ing modifiers modify nouns often, it's definitely allowed. See if the following examples help you see the subtle difference in meaning between 'with' and 'having'

"The girl wearing the red hat"
"The girl with the red hat"

"The man with the drink"
"The man having a drink"

--ing modifiers on nouns usually imply a temporary action the noun is doing in the time period of the sentence at hand, rather than a permanent feature. ('with' doesn't have to be permanent either, but it can be).

So 'the tortoises having long necks' is like saying 'the man having a drink.' Yeah he's having one *right now*... But it's only within the time period referenced in the sentence.

Whereas if I say 'the tortoises with the long necks,' that seems to more solidly say the 'long necks' are a permanent feature of the tortoises.
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Hello adarsh618,

We hope this finds you well.

To answer your query, the use of the present participle ("verb+ing" - "having" in this sentence) to modify a noun or pronoun ("each" in this sentence) implies that the noun or pronoun took an action that was continuous in nature, in any time period.

This usage is incorrect in this sentence, as it seems to imply that each variety of tortoise actively possesses "their own styles of oversized domes and comically scrawny necks" for a period of time and then stops.

By contrast, the use of "with" to modify a noun refers to the act of possession within the simple tense, meaning if the sentence is in past tense the act of possession will be in the simple past, and the same for present and future tenses. In this case, the use of "with" implies possession within the simple present tense, the appropriate tense for conveying information that is permanent in nature.

Thus, it makes more sense to use the "with" construction, as in this context implies that having "their own styles of oversized domes and comically scrawny necks" is a permanent feature.

We hope this helps.
All the best!
Experts' Global Team
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