Recent research shows that hesitation, shifting posture, and failure t

Paraphrasing - Some not reliable indicators. Some yes such as dilation of eye pupils and facial muscles.
We need to find a reason to keep in mind before relying on the 'better' clues.

(A) A person who is lying might be aware that he or she is being closely observed for indications of lying. - A person might do that but we are looking for 'better' clues which are not controlled by a person. Out of scope.

(B) Someone who is telling the truth might nevertheless have a past history of lying. - We can neglect this statement on the basis of a statement that Lie is important than the liar.

(C) A practiced liar might have achieved great control over body posture and eye contact. - Similar to A. This refers to unreliable indicators. Out

(D) A person telling the truth might be affected emotionally by being suspected of lying or by some other aspect of the situation. - This strengthens the reason

(E) Someone who is lying might exhibit hesitation and shifting posture as well as dilated pupils. - This reason combines the unreliable and reliable indicators. Out.
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(A) does not weaken the author’s argument. If anything, this choice might strengthen the assertion that involuntary responses (e.g. the dilation of eye pupils) are better indicators of lying.

(B) is irrelevant to the discussion of determining whether a given statement is the truth or a lie.

(C) even strengthens the case for involuntary responses (e.g. the dilation of eye pupils) as more reliable indicators

(D)is the CORRECT ANSWER. A truthful person might have the same involuntary responses (e.g. the dilation of eye pupils) brought about by other factors than lying.

(E) does not weaken the author’s argument. The author discusses both voluntary vs. involuntary responses as indicators of truth vs. lies, but choice provides that some liars display both responses.

FINAL ANSWER IS (D)

Recent research shows that hesitation, shifting posture, and failure to maintain eye contact are not reliable indicators in discriminating between those who are lying and those who are telling the truth. The research indicates that behavior that cannot be controlled is a much better clue, at least when the lie is important to the liar. Such behavior includes the dilation of eye pupils, which indicates emotional arousal, and small movements of facial muscles, which indicate distress, fear or anger.

Which one of the following provides the strongest reason for exercising caution when relying on the “better” clues mentioned above in order to discover whether someone is lying?

The word 'caution' requires us to find a weakener of the argument.

(A) A person who is lying might be aware that he or she is being closely observed for indications of lying. - WRONG. Whether this option is true or not it doesn't lay any role is exercising caution.

(B) Someone who is telling the truth might nevertheless have a past history of lying. - WRONG. May be true then what.?? Not concerned with his/her past.

(C) A practiced liar might have achieved great control over body posture and eye contact. - CORRECT. Someone relying on these indicators might be mislead by practiced liar in believing liar's cause.

(D) A person telling the truth might be affected emotionally by being suspected of lying or by some other aspect of the situation. - WRONG. This takes the exactly the opposite direction to we are looking for. Its \(180/deg/\) to option C.

(E) Someone who is lying might exhibit hesitation and shifting posture as well as dilated pupils. - WRONG. Strengthens the argument, opposite to what is asked for.

IMO Answer C.
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Ans (D) a person telling the truth might feel the same emotions as someone who is lying, thus making the better clues unreliable.

The answer should strengthen the conclusion......""The research indicates that behavior that cannot be controlled is a much better clue, at least when the lie is important to the liar.""""



(A) A person who is lying might be aware that he or she is being closely observed for indications of lying........this is very generic and didn't speak about what are those indications......so this is not helpful........ INCORRECT

(B) Someone who is telling the truth might nevertheless have a past history of lying......OUT OF SCOPE....there is no discussion of the past and it's effects..... INCORRECT

(C) A practiced liar might have achieved great control over body posture and eye contact........as stated by the first statement........they are not the reliable indicators.....so this isn't helpful in strengthening the conclusion..... INCORRECT

(D) A person telling the truth might be affected emotionally by being suspected of lying or by some other aspect of the situation..........this strengthens the conclusion by explaining about the affects of emotions on lying....... CORRECT

(E) Someone who is lying might exhibit hesitation and shifting posture as well as dilated pupils.........as stated in C.........as stated by the first statement........they are not the reliable indicators.....so this isn't helpful in strengthening the conclusion..... INCORRECT



OA:D