Kazuko Nakane’s history of the early Japanese immigrants to central Ca

1. The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) defend a controversial hypothesis presented in a history of early Japanese immigrants to California
Wrong. There is no controversial hypothesis. There are only facts about of history of early Japanese Immigrants.

(B) dismiss a history of an early Japanese settlement in California as narrow and ill constructed
Wrong. The author is not dismissing the history of an early Japanese Immigrants. They are only questioning the nature
and methodology of study.

(C) summarize and critique a history of an early Japanese settlement in California
Right. The author is summarizing the history and then evaluated the history also.

(D) compare a history of one Japanese American community with studies of Japanese settlements throughout California
Wrong. Throughout the passage, the author is only talking about Issei labourers.

(E) examine the differences between Japanese and Chinese immigrants to central California in the 1890’s
Wrong. The author is not talking about the diffrence but of their simillarity in adopting the same
system.

2. Which of the following best describes a “labor club,” as defined in the passage?

(A) An organization to which Issei were compelled to belong if they sought employment in the Pajaro Valley
Wrong. He chose to be with the organization. "for Issei who chose to belong and paid an annual fee"

(B) An association whose members included labor contractors and landowning “bosses”
Wrong. The association was only for labor contractors and not landowning "bosses"

(C) A type of farming corporation set up by Issei who had resided in the Pajaro Valley for some time
Wrong. This corporation was not started by Issei."Japanese men in rural areas sought employment via the “boss” system"

(D) A cooperative association whose members were dues-paying Japanese laborers
Correct. "who chose to belong and paid an annual fee to the cooperative for membership."

(E) A social organization to which Japanese laborers and their families belonged
Wrong. It was not an social organization. It was a private organization for laborers and the
family did not belong to it.

3. Based on information in the passage, which of the following statements concerning the Alien Land Law of 1913 is most accurate?

(A) It excluded American-born citizens of Japanese ancestry from landownership.
Wrong. The act says land leasing and land purchasing and not only landownership.

(B) It sought to restrict the number of foreign immigrants to California.
Wrong. We cannot infer the political agenda as it is not mentioned.

(C) It successfully prevented Issei from ever purchasing farmland.
Wrong. They started buying and leasing the land on the name of their children.

(D) It was applicable to first-generation immigrants but not to their American-born children.
Right.It was applicable to the immigrants but not their child and that is why they started
purchasing the land on their name.

(E) It was passed under pressure from the Pajaro Valley’s strawberry farmers.
Wrong. It is not stated in the passage.

4. Several Issei families join together to purchase a strawberry field and the necessary farming equipment. Such a situation best exemplifies which of the following, as it is described in the passage?

(A) A typical sharecropping agreement
Wrong. Sharecropping agreement was the the american land owners.

(B) A farming corporation
Right. "while others joined together to form farming corporations"

(C) A “labor club”
Wrong. A labor club was formed to negotiate the wages between land owners and the laborer.

(D) The “boss” system
Wrong. Similar to labor club.

(E) Circumvention of the Alien Land Law
Wrong. Buying farm together was not a situation simillion to Alien Land law but it's after effects.

5. The passage suggests that which of the following was an indirect consequence of the
collapse of the sugar beet industry in the Pajaro Valley?

(A) The Issei formed a permanent, family-based community.
Correct. After the collapse of sugar beet industry, the farmers joined together to buy strawberry
farms and hence settled .

(B) Boardinghouses were built to accommodate the Issei.
Wrong. This was before the collapse of Sugar Beet industry.

(C) The Issei began to lease land in their children’s names.
Wrong. This is right also but it was after effect of them buying strawberry land.

(D) The Issei adopted a labor contract system similar to that used by Chinese immigrants.
Wrong. It hapenned before the the collapse of sugar beet industry.

(E) The Issei suffered a massive dislocation caused by unemployment.
Wrong. Not mentioned in the passage.

6. The author of the passage would most likely agree that which of the following, if it had been included in Nakane’s study, would best remedy the particularistic nature of that study?

(A) A statistical table comparing per capita income of Issei wage laborers and sharecroppers in the Pajaro Valley
Wrong. In the whole of passage they have not talked about the percapita income of Isse Labor.

(B) A statistical table showing per capita income of Issei in the Pajaro Valley from 1890 to 1940
Wrong. In the whole of passage they have not talked about the percapita income of Isse
Labor.

(C) A statistical table showing rates of farm ownership by Japanese Americans in four central California counties from 1890 to 1940
Right. Came to through POE. And the passage talks about farm ownership also.

(D) A discussion of original company documents dealing with the Pajaro Valley sugar beet industry at the turn of the century
Wrong. Out of context.

(E) Transcripts of interviews conducted with members of the Pajaro Valley Japanese American community who were born in the 1920’s and 1930’s
Wrong. All of this hapenned before 1913.

7. It can be inferred from the passage that, when the Issei began to lease land from the
Valley’s strawberry farmers, the Issei most probably did which of the following?

(A) They used profits made from selling the strawberry crop to hire other Issei.
Wrong. No mention of this in the passage.

(B) They negotiated such agricultural contracts using the “boss” system.
Wrong. No mention of this in the passage

(C) They paid for the use of the land with a share of the strawberry crop.
Right. The sharecropping agreement they had with the land owners.

(D) They earned higher wages than when they raised sugar beets.
Wrong. No mention of this in the passage.

(E) They violated the Alien Land Law.
Wrong. They made use of lose threads of the Alien Land law and accepted it.